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	Author	Bowling, B.
	Title	The Legal Status of Snow Leopards in Afghanistan			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	2004	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	legal; snow leopard; Afghanistan; Cities; Cbd; Convention on Biological Diversity; 5740
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	United Nations Environment Programme	Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
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	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 502			Serial	188
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	Author	Anonymous
	Title	Snow leopard conservation: a NABU project in Kyrgyzstan			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2001	Publication	Oryx	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	35	Issue	4	Pages	354-355
	Keywords	snow leopard; conservation; Kyrgyzstan; Nabu; endangered; illegal hunting; 5180
	Abstract	Since 1999, NABU, the German Society for Nature Conservation, has been organizing the conservation of snow leopards Uncia uncia in Kyrgyzstan in an international project in cooperation with the Kyrgyz Ministry of the Environment, Emergencies and Civil Defence and the Kyrgyz Ministry of the Interior. The animal, with its typical grey-beige patterned fur and bushy tail, is one of the most endangered big cats in the world. It is categorized as Endangered on the 2000 IUCN Red List and is on CITES Appendix I.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
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	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	Conservation News section of Oryx. Full text available at URL.			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 503			Serial	93
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	Author	Wang, X.; Peng, J.; Zhou, H.
	Title	Preliminary observations on the distribution and status of dwarf blue sheep Pseudois schaeferi			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2000	Publication	Oryx	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	34	Issue	1	Pages	21-26
	Keywords	Batang County of China; conservation; status; distribution; dwarf blue sheep; Pseudois schaeferi.; 5190
	Abstract	Describes the drastic decline of the dwarf blue sheep since the 1950's primarily due to over-hunting. There are an estimated 200 individuals remaining in a 295 square km range in Batang county, China. The authors recommend urgent protection for this species.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
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	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	Full text available at URL			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 504			Serial	1004
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	Author	Namgail, T.; Fox, J.; Bhatnagar, Y.V.
	Title	Habitat segregation between sympatric Tibetan argali Ovis ammon hodgsoni and blue sheep Pseudois nayaur in the Indian Trans-Himalaya			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2004	Publication	Journal of Zoology	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	262	Issue		Pages	57-63
	Keywords	argali; Ovis ammon hodgsoni; blue sheep; pseudois nayaur; Habitat selection; resource partitioning; niche relationship; 5200
	Abstract	Tibetan argali Ovis ammon hodgsoni and blue sheep Pseudois nayaur have almost completely overlapping distributions encompassing most of the Tibetan plateau and its margins. Such a sympatric distribution of related species with similar ecological requirements implies that there is some degree of resource partitioning. This may be accomplished on the basis of habitat and/or diet separation. This study evaluated such ecological separation on the basis of physical habitat partitioning by these two sympatric ungulates in Hemis High Altitude National Park, Ladakh, India, in an area where the argali established a small new population in 1978. Such separation was tested for on the basis of expected difference between the species in their proximity to cliffs, associated with species-specific anti-predator behaviour. Tibetan argali selected habitats away from cliffs while blue sheep selected habitats close to cliffs. Blue sheep also selected steep slopes whereas argali selected gentle slopes. The two species did not differ in their use of habitats in terms of elevation. They did, however, differ in their use of plant communities; blue sheep selected sub-shrub and grass-dominated communities whilst argali selected forb-dominated communities. We suggest that the two species coexist in this site as a result of the differential use of habitat associated with their species-specific anti-predator strategies.
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	Notes	Full text available at URL			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 505			Serial	710
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	Author	Harris, R.B.; Pletscher, D.H.; Loggers, C.O.; Miller, D.J.
	Title	Status and trends of Tibetan plateau mammalian fauna, Yeniugou, China			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1999	Publication	Biological Conservation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	87	Issue		Pages	13-19
	Keywords	argali; blue sheep; China; conservation; Qinghai; survey; Tibetan antelope; Tibetan gazelle; Tibetan wild ass; white-lipped deer; wild; yak; Yeniugou; 5210
	Abstract	We conducted surveys focusing on the unique and vulnerable ungulate species in Yeniugou, Qinghai province, China, during September 1997 to compare population estimates with those from the early 1990s. The status of two ungulate species appeared essentially unchanged since 1990ñ1992: wild yak Bos grunniens (about 1200 to 1300 animals) and Tibetan gazelle Procapra picti- caudata. The status of one ungulate species, the white-lipped deer Cervus albirostris, appeared to improve, from a very few to close to 100. We are unsure how the status of the Tibetan wild ass Equus kiang compares with that of the early 1990s. The status of three species declined during the period: blue sheep Pseudois nayaur and argali Ovis ammon declined slightly (possibly due to a weather event), and the Tibetan antelope Pantholops hodgsoni declined dramatically (probably due primarily to poaching), from over 2000 estimated in 1991 to only two seen during 1997. Poaching of antelope has become a serious problem throughout the Tibetan plateau in recent years, and this survey provides evidence that an entire subpopulation can disappear (either through mortality, movement away from human disturbance or a combination) within a relatively short time-frame. That some species (e.g. wild yak, white-lipped deer) continue to thrive in Yeniugou is heartening, but even they remain vulnerable to market-driven poaching.#1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
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	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 506			Serial	373
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	Author	Reading, R.P.; Amgalanbaatar, S.; Mix, H.; Lhagvasuren, B.
	Title	Argali Ovis ammon surveys in Mongolia's South Gobi			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1997	Publication	Oryx	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	31	Issue	4	Pages	285-294
	Keywords	Mongolia; argali; gobi; livestock; population; status; 5220
	Abstract	Claims poaching and competition with domestic livestock are threatening the argali's survival in Mongolia. The author's conducted aerial and ground surveys in the South Gobi and estimated a populaton size of approximately 3,900 argali.
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	Notes	Full text available at URL.			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 507			Serial	811
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	Author	Reading, R.P.; Mix, H.; Lhagvasuren, B.; Blumer, E.S.
	Title	Status of wild Bactrian camels and other large ungulates in south-western Mongolia			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1999	Publication	Oryx	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	33	Issue	3	Pages	247-255
	Keywords	argali; Asian wild ass; Bactrian camels; Camelus bactrianus; goitred gazelle; Mongolia.; 5230
	Abstract	Abstract Wild Bactrian camels Camelus bactrianus ferus are endangered. Surveys over the past several decades suggest a marked decline in camel numbers and reproductive success. However, most surveys were made using methods that precluded rigorous population estimation. The need for more accurate surveys resulted in an aerial survey of known and suspected camel habitat in Mongolia during March 1997. We estimated density, group density and population size of large mammals in south-western Mongolia using the interactive computer program DISTANCE. We recorded sufficient data for population modelling of wild Bactrian camels, goitred gazelles Gazella subgutturosa, Asian wild asses Equus hemionus and argali sheep Ovis ammon. We observed 277 camels in 27 groups (mean group size = 10.269 +- 2.38 SE camels: group). Modelling yielded a population estimate of 198 +- 802 SE camels in the survey area. Population modelling for other ungulates yielded estimates of 6046 +- 1398 SE goitred gazelles, 1674 +- 506 SE Asian wild asses and 909 +- 303 SE argalis. Discrepancies between population estimates of ungulates in our survey and previous surveys are discussed with regard to methods used and robustness of results obtained. We also discuss conservation implications for wild Bactrian camels and other Mongolian ungulates.
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	Corporate Author				Thesis
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	Notes	Full text available at URL			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 508			Serial	812
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	Author	Reading, R.P.; Mix, H.M.; Badamjaviin L.; Feh, L.; Kane, D.; Dulamtseren, S.; Enkhbold S.
	Title	Status and distribution of khulan Equus hemionus in Mongolia			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2001	Publication	Journal of Zoology	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	254	Issue		Pages	381-389
	Keywords	gobi; Equus hemionus; Khulan; Mongolia; wild ass; 5240
	Abstract	The Asiatic wild ass Equus hemionus, or khulan, once ranged across much of Central Asia, but is now globally threatened. The largest free-ranging populations are now restricted to a 250-km wide area (range 100ñ400 km) across the Gobi Desert region of southern Mongolia. Over the last 23 years the population has moved further north and east into its former range. Surveys conducted in the 1970s and 1980s estimated that the Mongolian population contained fewer than 15 000 animals and was declining as a result of human exploitation and livestock competition. Aerial surveys (one in autumn 1994, two in spring 1997) were flown as line transects over portions of the khulan's range in Mongolia and ground surveys (’ve in spring, summer, and autumn 1994ñ97) were conducted by vehicle and foot. Sample sizes and areas surveyed were larger than previous surveys, and our methods were often more systematic. Population size was estimated at 33 000ñ63 000 wild asses in Mongolia. Animal density ranged from 4.2 a 1.3 to 19.1a 3.2 per 100 km2. Mean group size ranged from four to 35 animals in the south-western Gobi, four to seven animals in the southern Gobi, and three to 18 in the south-eastern Gobi. Our data suggest that Mongolia is the most important stronghold for the conservation of E. hemionus. Conservation management continues to be challenging because intensive studies on khulan biology and ecology are just beginning. As a freemarket economy continues to emerge in Mongolia, pressure from resource extraction interests and nomadic livestock herders to remove the khulan's protected status, permit harvesting and halt population growth and expansion, also makes implementation of research and conservation management programs more imperative.
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	Notes	Full text available at URL			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 509			Serial	813
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	Author	Andriuskevicius, A.
	Title	Occurrance of Snow Leopards in the Soviet Union			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1980	Publication	International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	2	Issue		Pages	59-69
	Keywords	2290; area; areas; browse; distribution; park; parks; protected; protected-area; protected area; protected areas; refuge; reserve; reserves; Russia; snow-leopard; snow-leopards; snow leopard; snow leopards; soviet; Soviet-Union; soviet union; status; U.S.S.R.; union; Ussr
	Abstract	Outlines status and distribution of snow leopard in USSR, including comments on reserves created for the species.
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	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 51			Serial	73
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	Author	Feh, C.
	Title	Ecology and social structure of the Gobi khulan Equus hemionus subsp. in the Gobi B. National Park, Mongolia			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2001	Publication	Biological Conservation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	101	Issue		Pages	51-61
	Keywords	Equus hemionus; Ecology and social structure; Gobi National Park; Mongolia; 5250
	Abstract	The status of the Gobi khulan Equus hemionus subsp. is recorded as ``insufficiently known'' in the Species Survival Commission's Equid Action Plan. Recent counts confirm that Mongolia holds the most important population of the whole species. Since 1953, the animals have benefited from a protected status, but this is now challenged. A 5-year study in the B part of the Gobi National Park on one subpopulation showed that it has remained stable over the past 15 years with an adequate mean reproductive rate of 15% and a 50% survival rate over the first year. Age/sex related mortality and prey analysis indicate that wolf predation probably has some impact on the population, in particular for 4-6-year-olds of both sexes at the start of reproduction. Desert and mountain steppes are the khulan's year-round preferred habitat, but `oases', play an important role at the beginning of lactation. Anthropogenic factors affect both home range and habitat use through direct intervention or permanent occupation of the scarce water sources. Khulans of this subpopulation, unlike other Asian and African wild asses, form year-round stable, non-territorial families. These families and all-male groups join together into ``bands'' in winter, and herds of several hundred animals, where reproductive rate is highest, form throughout the year. The existence of such herds may thus be critical for the breeding success of the population. Our study provides the first detailed quantitative data for this subspecies, which will help to monitor changes in the future. # 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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	Corporate Author				Thesis
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	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	Full text available at URL			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 510			Serial	271
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