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| Author | Chadwick, D.H. | ||||
| Title | Out of the Shadows: The elusive Central Asian snow leopard steps into a | Type | Magazine Article | ||
| Year | 2008 | Publication | National geographic | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 213 | Issue | 6 | Pages | 106-129 |
| Keywords | conservation, research, snow leopard, Uncia uncia | ||||
| Abstract | The elusive Central Asian snow leopard steps into a risk-filled future. | ||||
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| Corporate Author | National Geographic Society | Thesis | |||
| Publisher | National Geographic Society | Place of Publication | Washington, D.C. | Editor | |
| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ | Serial | 1113 | ||
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| Author | Shrestha, R.; Wegge, P. | ||||
| Title | Wild sheep and livestock in Nepal Trans-Himalaya: coexistence or competition? | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2008 | Publication | Environmental Conservation | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 32 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 125-136 |
| Keywords | bharal; blue sheep; diet; food habits; mountain ungulates; Nepal; pastoralism; pseudois nayaur; rangeland management; resource partitioning | ||||
| Abstract | Excessive grazing by livestock is claimed to displace wild ungulates in the Trans-Himalaya. This study compares the seasonal diets and habitat use of sympatric wild naur Pseudois nayaur and domestic goat Capra hircus, sheep Ovis aries and free-ranging yak Bos grunniens in north Nepal and analyses their overlap both within and across seasons. Alpinemeadow and the legumes Oxytropis and Chesneya were critical resources for all animal groups. High overlap occurred cross-seasonally when smallstock (sheep and goats) in summer used the spring and autumn ranges of naur. Relatively high total ungulate biomass (3028 kg km-2) and low recruitment of naur (56 young per 100 adult females in autumn) suggested interspecific competition. The spatio-temporal heterogeneity in composition and phenology of food plants across the steep gradient of altitude, together with rotational grazing, appears to indirectly facilitate coexistence of naur and smallstock. However, owing to high crossseasonal (inter-seasonal) overlaps, competition is likely to occur between these two groups at high stocking densities. Within seasons, naur overlapped more with free-ranging yak than with smallstock. As their habitat use and diets were most similar in winter, when both fed extensively on the same species of shrubs, naur was most likely to compete with yak during that season. |
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| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 936 | Serial | 890 | ||
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| Author | Shrestha, R.; Wegge, P. | ||||
| Title | Habitat relationships between wild and domestic herbivores in Nepalese trans – Himalaya | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2008 | Publication | Journal of Arid Environments | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 72 | Issue | Pages | 914-925 | |
| Keywords | blue sheep; Competition; domestic; habitat partitioning; naur; Nepal; pastoralism; pseudois nayaur; trans-himalaya | ||||
| Abstract | In the semi-arid ecosystems of Asia, where pastoralism is a main subsistence occupation, grazing competition from domestic stock is believed to displace the wild ungulates. We studied the habitat relationships among sympatric naur and domestic yak and smallstock in Phu valley in upper Manang district, Nepal, on the basis of their distribution on vegetation types, elevation and slope. To control for the disturbance effect by humans, we collected the data on naur from those ranges where domestic stock were not being attended by herders. We applied correspondence analysis to explore habitat associations among animal groups (n ¬ 1415) within and across-seasons. Within each association, interspecific habitat overlaps and species habitat preferences were calculated. Naur was strongly associated with free-ranging yak as they used similar altitudinal ranges in all seasons, except in spring. Their distributions on vegetation types and slopes were also quite similar, except for a stronger preference for alpine meadows by naur during summer and winter. Naur and smallstock did not form temporal associations as the latter consistently used lower elevations. In autumn and spring, however, naur spatially overlapped with the summer range of smallstock, and both preferred the alpine meadow habitat during these periods. Alpine meadow was the least abundant vegetation type but was consistently and preferentially used by all animal groups across seasons. At high stocking densities, all three animals groups are therefore likely to compete for this vegetation type. The role of spatio-temporal heterogeneity for interpreting the interspecific relationships among ungulates in the semi-arid rangelands of the trans-Himalaya is discussed. | ||||
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| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 937 | Serial | 891 | ||
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| Author | Sulser, C.E.; Steck, B.L.; Baur, B. | ||||
| Title | Effects of construction noise on behaviour of and exhibit use by Snow leopards Uncia uncia at Basel zoo | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year | 2008 | Publication | International Zoo Yearbook | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 42 | Issue | Pages | 199-205 | |
| Keywords | behaviour; captive; construction noise; exhibit use; snow leopard; Uncia uncia; zoo | ||||
| Abstract | Noise caused by human activities can cause stress in animals. We examined whether noise from construction sites affects the behaviour of and exhibit use by three Snow leopards Uncia uncia at Basel zoo. The behaviour and location of the animals were recorded at 1 minute intervals, using the instantaneous scan sampling method over a period of 216 hours (104 hours on noisy days and 112 hours on quiet days). The animals differed individually in their responses to the construction noise. On noisy days, the Snow leopards generally spent less time in locomotion and more time resting, but even on quiet days, resting was the predominant behaviour performed. Under noisy conditions, they increased social resting and decreased resting alone. Walking and social walking were also reduced on noisy days. Furthermore, the Snow leopards spent considerably more time in the remote offexhibit enclosure under noisy conditions. Independent of background noise, they stayed more than half of the time in the caves and the forecourts of the outdoor enclosure. On quiet days, the Snow leopards used more sectors of their exhibit than on noisy days. The results indicate that the Snow leopards responded to construction noise by increasing the amount of time spent resting and by withdrawing to the remote parts of their exhibit. | ||||
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| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 910 | Serial | 943 | ||
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| Author | ud Din, J. | ||||
| Title | Assessing the Status of Snow Leopard in Torkhow Valley, District Chitral, Pakistan: Final Technical Report | Type | Report | ||
| Year | 2008 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 1-16 | ||
| Keywords | status; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; valley; chitral; Pakistan; Report; study; prey; Base; conflict; threats; threat; wildlife; sign; transect; surveys; survey; Slims; Data; number; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards; Animals; Animal; population; livestock; livestock depredation; livestock-depredation; depredation; area; Case; ungulates; ungulate; Himalayan; himalayan ibex; ibex; rut; using; prey species; prey-species; species; marmot; game; birds; carnivores; carnivore; wolf; wolves; jackal; fox; survival; retaliatory; retaliatory killing; retaliatory-killing; killing; poisoning; poaching; loss; habitat; habitat degradation; habitat-degradation; degradation; grazing; collection; awareness; Gis; map; staff; field; training; conservation; community; distribution; resource; project; network; program | ||||
| Abstract | This study was aimed at assessing the status of Snow leopard, its major prey base, and the extent of human-Snow leopard conflict and major threats to the wildlife in north Chitral (Torkhow valley) Pakistan. Snow leopard occurrence was conformed through sign transect surveys i.e. SLIMS. Based on the data collected the number of Snow leopards in this survey block (1022 Kmý) is estimated to be 2-3 animals. Comparing this estimate with the available data from other parts of the district the population of snow leopard in Chitral district was count to be 36 animals. Livestock depredation reports collected from the area reflect the existence of human-snow leopard conflict and 138 cases were recorded affecting 102 families (in a period of eight years, 2001-2008). Ungulates (Himalayan Ibex) rut season surveys were conducted in coordination with NWFP Wildlife department. A total of 429 animals were counted using direct count (point method) surveys. Other snow leopard prey species recorded include marmot, hare, and game birds. Signs of other carnivores i.e. wolf, jackal, and fox were also noticed. Major threats to the survival of wildlife especially snow leopard reckoned include retaliatory killing (Shooting, Poisoning), poaching, loss of natural prey, habitat degradation (over grazing, fodder and fuel wood collection), lack of awareness, and over population. GIS map of the study area was developed highlighting the area searched for Snow leopard and its prey species. Capacity of the Wildlife Department staff was built in conducting SLIMS and ungulate surveys through class room and on field training. Awareness regarding the importance of wildlife conservation was highlighted to the students, teachers and general community through lectures and distribution of resource materials developed by WWF-Pakistan. | ||||
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| Notes | Project funded by Snow Leopard Network's Snow Leopard Conservation Grant Program. | Approved |
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| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 1065 | Serial | 978 | ||
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| Author | Wei, L.; Wu, X.; Jiang, Z. | ||||
| Title | The complete mitochondrial genome structure of snow leopard Panthera uncia | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year | 2008 | Publication | Molecular Biology Reports | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 1-8 | ||
| Keywords | Panthera uncia Complete mitochondrialgenome Phylogenetic analyses | ||||
| Abstract | The complete mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) of snow leopard Panthera uncia was obtained by using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique based on the PCR fragments of 30 primers we designed. The entire mtDNA sequence was 16 773 base pairs (bp) in length, and the base composition was: A-5,357ª“,Ž+bp (31.9%); C-4,444ª”,Ž+bp (26.5%); G-2,428ª“,Ž+bp (14.5%); T-4,544ª”,Ž+bp (27.1%). The structural characteristics [0] of the P. uncia mitochondrial genome were highly similar to these of Felis catus, Acinonyx jubatus, Neofelis nebulosa and other mammals. However, we found several distinctive features of the mitochondrial genome of Panthera unica. First, the termination codon of COIII was TAA, which differed from those of F. catus, A. jubatus and N. nebulosa. Second, tRNASer (AGY), which lacked the ''DHU'' arm, could not be folded into the typical cloverleaf-shaped structure. Third, in the control region, a long repetitive sequence in RS-2 (32ª“,Ž+bp) region was found with 2 repeats while one short repetitive segment (9ª”,Ž+bp) was found with 15 repeats in the RS-3 region. We performed phylogenetic analysis based on a 3 816ª",Ž+bp concatenated sequence of 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, ND2, ND4, ND5, Cyt b and ATP8 for P. uncia and other related species, the result indicated that P. uncia and P. leo were the sister species, which was different from the previous findings. (c) 2008 Springer Science+Business Media B.V. | ||||
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| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 899 | Serial | 1011 | ||
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| Author | Xu, A.; Jiang, Z.; Li, C.; Guo, J.; Da, S.; Cui, Q.; Yu, S.; Wu, G. | ||||
| Title | Status and conservation of the snow leopard Panthera uncia in the Gouli Region, Kunlun Mountains, China | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year | 2008 | Publication | Oryx | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 42 | Issue | Pages | 460-463 | |
| Keywords | Camera trapping,China,human-wildlife conflict,Kunlun Mountains,Panthera uncia,snow leopard,trace. | ||||
| Abstract | The elusive snow leopard Panthera unica is a rare and little studied species in China. Over 1 March-15 May 2006 we conducted a survey for the snow leopard in the Gouli Region, East Burhanbuda Mountain, Kunlun Mountains, Qinghai Province, China, in an area of c. 300 km2 at altitudes of 4,000-4,700 m. We surveyed 29 linear transects with a total length of c. 440 km, and located a total of 72 traces (pug marks, scrapes and urine marks) of snow leopard along four of the transects. We obtained eight photographs of snow leopard from four of six camera traps. We also recorded 1,369 blue sheep, 156 Tibetan gazelles, 47 argali, 37 red deer and one male white-lipped deer. We evaluated human attitudes towards snow leopard by interviewing the heads of 27 of the 30 Tibetan households living in the study area. These local people did not consider that snow leopard is the main predator of their livestock, and thus there is little retaliatory killing. Prospects for the conservation of snow leopard in this area therefore appear to be good. We analysed the potential threats to the species and propose the establishment of a protected area for managing snow leopard and the fragile alpine ecosystem of this region. (c) 2008 Fauna & Flora International. | ||||
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| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 900 | Serial | 1032 | ||
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| Author | Khalzan, T. | ||||
| Title | Vegetable growing agro technology | Type | Report | ||
| Year | 2008 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 1-3 | ||
| Keywords | WWF Mongolia, community | ||||
| Abstract | The training on ‘Vegetable growing agro technology’ organized in place named Dardaa during 8-9 May, 2003, as requested by Mr. J. Khurelbaatar, Governor of Sagil Soum and B. Bayarmaa officer, Uvs aimag branch of World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF)-Mongolian Programme office. Due to herders have to graze their livestock and distance matters not all herders came to the venue in time. The training, therefore, started lately at 10.30. At the beginning of the training B. Bayarmaa opened session introducing the trainee. The training was supported by Mercy Corp programme to teach individuals on agro technology of vegetables. Totally 15 person have attended in a training, of which 12 were attended in field schooling. Some of the participants represented one family so in field school some was absent due to had to care for livestock and other household needs. |
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| Corporate Author | WWF Mongolia | Thesis | |||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Mongolia | Editor | ||
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| Notes | 19 May 2008 Consultant report | Approved |
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| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ | Serial | 1100 | ||
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| Author | WWF Mongolia | ||||
| Title | Mobile Training Team Report on Strengthening of Cooperation/Partnership among Law Enforcement Agencies for Reduction and Elimination of Environmental Violations and Crimes | Type | Report | ||
| Year | 2008 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 1-40 | ||
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| Abstract | Under a joint Decision No: 102/132 by Minister of Justice and Internal Affairs (Ts. Munkh-orgil) and Minister of Nature and Environment (G. Shiilegdamba) dated on April 03, 2008 (Annex1), mobile training “Increased Participation of Law Enforcement Agencies in Reduction of Illegal Wildlife Product Trade” for law enforcement agencies was organized with WWF funding on 11-25 April, 2008. Training was organized in border points in Borshoo in Uvs Aimag, Tsagaan Nuur of Bayan-ulgii Aimag, Yarant in Khovd Aimag and Burgastai in Govi-altai Aimag. This mobile training was jointly organized by the Crime Prevention Coordination Council of the Ministry of Justice and Internal Affairs, the Frontier Defense Department of Frontier Troop Headquarter Management Board of General Office of Frontier Inspection of General Office of Frontier Defense, the State Frontier Specialized Agency at the SSIA, the General Police Office, University of Customs Economics, and Mongolian National Committee of CITES, WWF Mongolia, local office (Uvs Aimag) of Community based Biodiversity Conservation of Altai Sayan Eco-Region Project, and anti-poaching team “Ireves”. Overall, training was focused on how to detect and arrest illegal network of wildlife and its product trades, how to take preventive measures from such illegal actions, and how the law enforcement agencies should cooperate. While trainers tried to teach the topics in simple and clear understandable ways as much as possible, trainees endeavored how to get common understanding on the aspects and assist in decision making concerning the respective illegal actions. This report entirely covers the results of training on increased participation of law enforcement agencies, particularly the law enforcement agencies operating in the vicinity of State border areas in reduction and elimination of illegal wildlife and its products. As a campaign “Prevention from environmental violations” was announced in April, 2008, some other public events e.g. workshops and seminars, and open forum discussions on national television were jointly organized with local offices of the National Committee of Crime Prevention in the Uvs, Khovd, and Govi-altai Aimags, where training was held. Training organized at the State border points (4) abovementioned was attended by over 120 individuals and workshops and discussions held in Uvs, Khovd, Bayan-ulgii and Govi-altai Aimags were attended by about 110 participants. One of advantages of training and discussions was that they were open to multiple parties/stakeholders and enabled them to learn more and exchange their views/opinions as well as cooperate. |
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| Corporate Author | WWF Mongolia | Thesis | |||
| Publisher | WWF Mongolia | Place of Publication | Mongolia | Editor | |
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| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ | Serial | 1103 | ||
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| Author | WWF Mongolia | ||||
| Title | Brief report of the trainning on wool organized in centre of Uvs aimag | Type | Report | ||
| Year | 2008 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
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| Abstract | In training held on 21-28 December of 2007 were attended 5 people in total: 2 members of Uureg community and 3 members of Argalt-kharig community of Sagil soum. The training on processing wool and producing felt organized everyday between 08.15 and 22.00 and started in time as it was planned. During the training the members of two communities actively participated and did class work well. |
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| Corporate Author | WWF Mongolia | Thesis | |||
| Publisher | WWF Mongolia | Place of Publication | Mongolia | Editor | |
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| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ | Serial | 1105 | ||
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