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	Author	Sharma, K., McCarthy, T.
	Title	Counting cats: toward a framework for evaluating snow leopard (Panthera uncia) conservation efforts			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	2011	Publication	Poster	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue	March	Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	Poster presented at Zoos and Aquariums Committing to Conservation Conference, Seattle, WA March 2011			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @			Serial	1325
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	Author	Kinoshita, K., Inada, S., Seki, K., Sasaki, A., Hama, N., Kusunoki, H.
	Title	Long-Term Monitoring of Fecal Steroid Hormones in Female Snow Leopards (Panthera uncia) during Pregnancy or Pseudopregnancy			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2011	Publication	PLoS ONE	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	6	Issue	5	Pages	e19314. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0019314
	Keywords
	Abstract	Knowledge of the basic reproductive physiology of snow leopards is required urgently in order to develop a suitable management conditions under captivity. In this study, the long-term monitoring of concentrations of three steroid hormones in fecal matter of three female snow leopards was performed using enzyme immunoassays: (1) estradiol-17β, (2) progesterone and (3) cortisol metabolite. Two of the female animals were housed with a male during the winter breeding season, and copulated around the day the estradiol-17β metabolite peaked subsequently becoming pregnant. The other female was treated in two different ways: (1) first housed with a male in all year round and then (2) in the winter season only. She did not mate with him on the first occasion, but did so latter around when estradiol-17β metabolite peaked, and became pseudopregnant. During pregnancy, progesterone metabolite concentrations increased for 92 or 94 days, with this period being approximately twice as long as in the pseudopregnant case (31, 42, 49 and 53 days). The levels of cortisol metabolite in the pseudopregnant female (1.35 µg/g) were significantly higher than in the pregnant females (0.33 and 0.24 µg/g) (P<0.05). Similarly, during the breeding season, the levels of estradiol-17β metabolite in the pseudopregnant female (2.18 µg/g) were significantly higher than those in the pregnant females (0.81 and 0.85 µg/g) (P<0.05). Unlike cortisol the average levels of estradiol-17β during the breeding season were independent of reproductive success. The hormone levels may also be related to housing conditions and the resulting reproductive success in female leopards. The female housed with a male during the non-breeding season had high levels of cortisol metabolites and low levels of estradiol-17β in the breeding season, and failed to become pregnant. This indicates that housing conditions in snow leopards may be an important factor for normal endocrine secretion and resulting breeding success.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Texas A & M University	Place of Publication	United States of America	Editor	Sharon Gursky-Doyen
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PLoS ONE 6(5): e19314. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0019314			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @			Serial	1317
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	Author	Bhatnagar, Y.V.
	Title	Ranging and Habitat Use by Himalayan Ibex (Capra ibex sibirica) in Pin Valley National Park			Type	Book Whole
	Year	1997	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	ibex; India; predator; prey; potected-area; parks; reserves; Pin-valley; browse; protected; area; 1850
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis	Ph.D. thesis
	Publisher	Saurashtra University	Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	Place of Publication: Rajkot, India			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 301			Serial	135
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	Author
	Title	Snow Leopard Survival Summit Group Photograph			Type	Unsupported: Slide
	Year	2002	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; Snow-Leopard-Survival-Summit; leopard; survival; seattle
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
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	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	Photograph of participants in 21-25 May 2002 Snow Leopard Survival Summit, Seattle, Washington, USA.			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 1080			Serial	20
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	Author	Anonymous
	Title	She's all washed up			Type	Newspaper Article
	Year	1980	Publication	New York Daily News	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue	1 January	Pages
	Keywords	snow leopard, captive, Bronx Zoo, New York
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	Photograph			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @			Serial	1208
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	Author	Oli, M.K.
	Title	The ecology and conservation of the snow leopard (Panthera uncia) in the Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal			Type	Book Whole
	Year	1991	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	annapurna; conservation; area; Annapurna-Conservation-Area; ecology; Nepal; parks; park; reserves; reserve; refuge; potected-area; protected; browse; 2390
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis	Ph.D. thesis
	Publisher	University of Edinburgh, Scotland.	Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	Phil. thesis			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 183			Serial	742
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	Author	Singh, N.J.
	Title	Animal – Habitat relationships in high altitude rangelands			Type	Manuscript
	Year	2008	Publication	PhD Thesis	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	150
	Keywords	high altitude, homogeneous, argali, habitat selection, resource selection function, ENFA, stratified random sampling, sexual segregation, SSAS, livestock, predation, resources
	Abstract	This study conducted in the high altitude rangelands of Indian Transhimalaya, deals with basic questions regarding the ecology of an endangered species, the wildsheep Tibetan argali (Ovis ammon hodgsoni) and applied issues related to its conservation and potential conflict with the local nomadic pastoralists. The basic questions on ecology are aimed at delineating the habitat and resource selection processes, identifying factors causing sexual segregation and efficient surveying and sampling. The applied aspect focuses on the changing face of pastoralism and the potential impacts of modernising livestock husbandry on argali. Overall, the study provides a general framework towards the understanding of argali-habitat relationships at different spatio-temporal scales. The spatial determinant associated with altitude in the area, predicts argali habitat and resource selection in this relatively homogenous landscape. These determine the range of other topographic variables and forage characteristics selected by argali. The selection of feeding patches in the selected range of altitude and topography is mainly characterised by their greenness and the quality of plant groups. Adjusting to changing forage quality, argali display an opportunistic feeding strategy, selecting grasses in early spring and switching to forbs later in summer. Nevertheless, the habitat selection process did not appear to differ among the sexes to drive sexual segregation. There was, however, strong segregation among the sexes as well as between lactating and non lactating females. The reasons for segregation appeared to be predominantly social, but driven ultimately by predation and concomitantly by resources. The habitat selection information was used to design a stratified random sampling strategy that led to i) a significant reduction in survey effort in sampling these sparsely distributed species and ii) reduction in sampling bias. The applied aspect of the study outlines and evaluates the dramatic changes in the nomadic pastoralism that have occurred in the past five decades in the study area. These have led to a loss of pastures (-25 to -33%) of the nomads, consequent readjustment in traditional patterns of pasture use, intensified grazing pressures (25 to 70%) and rangeland degradation in the area. Such changes may have serious consequences on the survival of local wildlife, as tested with a study of the effects on argali of livestock presence and resource exploitation. Hence, a successful conservation and recovery strategy should focus on: minimising the impacts of livestock on argali, identifying the factors affecting the persistence of the current populations, increasing local sub populations of this species to prevent extinction due to stochastic events, prevent loss of genetic diversity and excessive fragmentation and thus ensuring gene flow. Ecological Niche Factor Analyses (ENFA), bias-reduced logistic regression and Fuzzy correspondence analyses (FCA) were used to answer habitat and resource selection questions. A sexual segregation and aggregation statistic (SSAS) was used to estimate the components of sexual segregation and test segregation. SSAS combined with canonical correspondence analyses (CCA) allowed the estimation of segregation based on habitat variables. Logistic regression models were formulated to estimate models on which the stratified random sampling strategy was based. The 9 Animal – Habitat relationships in high altitude rangelands overall study also included surveys, interviews and literature reviews to understand the nomads’ movement and pasture use patterns of their livestock. Kernel density estimations (KDE) were used to estimate extent of range overlaps between livestock and argali.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	University of Tromsø	Place of Publication	Norway	Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
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	Notes	PhD Thesis			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @			Serial	1306
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	Author	Stevens, A.
	Title	Rare snow leopard dies after flea bites			Type	Newspaper Article
	Year	1988	Publication	Los Angeles Times	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard
	Abstract
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	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
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	Notes	part 2, page 3			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 1094			Serial	936
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	Author	Sharma, S., Dutta, T., Bhatnagar, Y.V.
	Title	Marking site selection by free-ranging snow leopard (Uncia uncia)			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2006	Publication	Conservation Biology in Asia	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	197-213
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	Abstract
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	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
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	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
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	Notes	Paper 13			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @			Serial	1131
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	Author	Sharma, S., Thapa, K., Chalise, M., Dutta, T., Bhatnagar, Y.V., McCarthy, T.
	Title	The snow leopard in Himalaya: A step towards their conservation by studying their distribution, marking habitat selection, coexistence with other predators, and wild prey-livestock-predator interaction			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2006	Publication	Conservation Biology in Asia	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	184-196
	Keywords	Himalaya, Nepal, ecology, snow leopard, Uncia uncia, prey, livestock, predator
	Abstract	Snow leopard (Uncia uncial) is a flagship species of the Himalaya. Very few studies have been done on the ecology of this species in the Himalaya. This paper presents an overview of four studies conducted on snow leopards in Nepal and India, dealing with various aspects of snow leopard ecology including their status assessment, making behaviour, habitat selection, food habits, and impact on livestock. The information generated by these studies is useful in planning effective conservation and management strategies for this endangered top predator of high mountains.
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	Notes	Paper 12; From: Pages 184-196 of Conservation Biology in Asia (2006) McNeely, J.A., T. M. McCarthy, A. Smith, L.Olsvig-Whittaker, and E.D. Wikramanayake (editors). Published by the Society for Conservation Biology Asia Section and Resources Himalaya, Kathmandu, Nepal, 455 pp.			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @			Serial	1130
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