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Author Shrestha, R.; Wegge, P.; Koirala, R.A.
Title Summer diets of wild and domestic ungulates in Nepal Himalaya Type Journal Article
Year 2005 Publication Journal of Zoology Abbreviated Journal
Volume 266 Issue Pages 111-119
Keywords argali; blue sheep; Capra hircus; diet; faecal analysis; fecal analysis; mountain ungulates; Ovis ammon hodgsoni; pseudois nayaur
Abstract The selection of summer forage by three sympatric ungulates in the Damodar Kunda region of upper Mustang in

north Nepal was studied to assess the extent of food overlap between them. To compare their diets, a microhistological technique of faecal analysis was used, adjusted for inherent biases by comparing it with bite-count data obtained in domestic goats. Tibetan argali Ovis ammon hodgsoni, naur (blue sheep or bharal) Pseudois nayaur and domestic goat Capra hircus consumed mostly forbs, graminoids and browse, respectively. The proportions of food items in their diets were significantly different both at the plant species (P<0.02) and at the forage category level (P<0.001). Except for sharing three common plants (Agrostis sp., Stipa sp. and Potentilla fruticosa), dietary overlap at the species level was quite low. At the forage category level, naur and domestic goat overlapped more than the other ungulate pairs. Although all three species were opportunistic, mixed feeders, argali was a more selective forb specialist grazer than the other two ungulates. Owing to some spatial separation and little dietary overlap, interspecific competition for summer forage was low. If animal densities increase, however, goats are expected to compete more with naur than with argali because of their more similar diets. Owing to differences in forage selection by argali and naur throughout their large geographical ranges, reflecting adaptations to local ecological conditions, inferences regarding forage competition between domestic livestock and these two wild caprins need to be made from local, site-specific studies, rather than from general diet comparisons.
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Publisher The Zoological Society of London Place of Publication London Editor
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Notes Approved no
Call Number (down) SLN @ rana @ 934 Serial 888
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Author Meszaros, M.
Title Einsam im Land des Dschingis Khan Type Journal Article
Year 1998 Publication Universum Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 68-76
Keywords german
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Notes In German; color magazine; subtitle Naturwunder Schneeleopard Approved no
Call Number (down) SLN @ rana @ 933 Serial 675
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Author Joslin, J.O.; Garner, M.; Collins, D.; Kamaka, E.; Sinabaldi, K.; Meleo, K.; Montali, R.; Sundberg, J.; Jenson, A.B.; Ghim, S.; Davidow, B.; Hargis, A.; West, K.; Clark, T.; Haines, D.
Title Viral papilloma and squamous cell carcinomas in snow leopards (Uncia uncia) Type Conference Article
Year 2000 Publication 2000 Proceedings AAZV & IAAAM Joint Conference Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 155-158
Keywords captive; snow leopard; squamous cell carcinoma; Uncia uncia; viral papilloma
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title AAZV & IAAAM Joint Conference
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Notes Approved no
Call Number (down) SLN @ rana @ 932 Serial 506
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Author O'Gara, B.W.
Title Snow leopards and sport hunting in the Mongolian People's Republic Type Conference Article
Year 1988 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 215-225
Keywords hunting; Mongolia; snow leopard
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Publisher International Snow Leopard Trust and The Wildlife Institute of India Place of Publication India Editor
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Notes Monographic: Fifth International Snow Leopard Symposium Place of Meeting: Srinagar, India Date of Copyright: 1988 Approved no
Call Number (down) SLN @ rana @ 931 Serial 734
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Author Fox, J.; Nurbu, C.; Bhatt, S.; Chandola, A.
Title Wildlife conservation and land-use changes in the Transhimalayan region of Ladakh, India Type Miscellaneous
Year 1994 Publication Mountain-Research-and-Development. Abbreviated Journal
Volume 14 Issue 1 Pages 39-60
Keywords conservation; India; Ladakh; land use; livstock; protected area; transhimalayan; Transhimalayan-Region
Abstract Changes in economy and land use are under way in the Indian Transhimalayan region of Ladakh, creating both negative and positive prospects for wildlife conservation in this sparsely populations and previously remote area. New livestock breeds, irrigation developments, farming practices, foreign tourists, and a large military presence are changing the way people view and use the mountainous land that surrounds them. With only 0.3% of the land currently arable, changes in wildlife and natural resource conservation are most apparent on Ladakh's extensive rangelands which are apparently undergoing a redistribution of use associated with social changes and recently introduced animal husbandry and farming practices. International endangered species such as the snow leopard, several wild ungulates, and the black-necked crane provide special incentive for conservation efforts in what are some of the best remaining natural areas in the mountainous regions to the north of the Himalayan crest. The success of newly created protected areas for wildlife conservation in Ladakh rests on an understanding of the effects of various development directions, a commitment to environmentally sensitive development amid the many competing demands on Ladakh's natural resources, conservation laws appropriate to human needs, and a clear recognition that solutions can be neither directly adaptable from other mountainous areas nor even widely applicable across the Himalayan region.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number (down) SLN @ rana @ 930 Serial 286
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Author Blomqvist, L.
Title The Global Studbook Report 2002 for Snow Leopards: Decline of a Pedigree Species Type Miscellaneous
Year 2003 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords global; studbook; Report; snow leopard; captivity; zoo; 5720
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Publisher Place of Publication Helsinki Editor
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Notes Journal Title: Helsinki Zoo, Annual Report 2003 Approved no
Call Number (down) SLN @ rana @ 93 Serial 169
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Author Ahmad, A.
Title Environmental impact assessment in the Himalayas: An ecosystem approach Type Miscellaneous
Year 1993 Publication Ambio Abbreviated Journal
Volume 22 Issue 1 Pages 4-9
Keywords assessment; environmental; Himalayas; impact
Abstract The impact of human activities on the Himalayan bio-geophysical, socioeconomic and cultural environments has been analyzed. The main man-induced activities which threaten the equilibrium of Himalayan Mountain ecosystems are unplanned land use, cultivation on steep slopes, overgrazing, major engineering activities, overexploitation of village or community forests, shifting cultivation, unplanned tourism and urbanization. Cold desert conditions prevail in 41 692 square kilometers of the northwestern Himalayas. The geomorphological conditions and arrested succession, checking the climax formation, are major causes of landslides. Sedimentation, changes in surface and groundwater hydrology and clearfelling of broadleaved plant species have caused eutrophication, drying up of natural springs and receding of glaciers. Wild fauna like Musk deer (Moschus mischiferus) and Snow Leopard (Panthera uncial) are now under threat due to changes in their habitats. Population pressure, migration and settlements are major causes of poverty and agglomeration. And jeopardize the Himalayan environment. Based on detailed environmental impact assessment, an ecosystem approach has been proposed for resources conservation and environmentally sustainable development of the Himalayas.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number (down) SLN @ rana @ 929 Serial 39
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Author Schaller, G.
Title Mountain Mammals Type Miscellaneous
Year 1977 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 146-159
Keywords snow leopard
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Publisher University of Chicago Press Place of Publication Editor
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Notes Book chapter. University of Chicago Press. Approved no
Call Number (down) SLN @ rana @ 928 Serial 852
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Author Habibi, K.
Title Mammals of Afghanistan Type Miscellaneous
Year 2004 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 1-168
Keywords mammals; Afghanistan
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Notes Book Approved no
Call Number (down) SLN @ rana @ 927 Serial 368
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Author Namgail, T.; Fox, J.; Bhatnagar, Y.
Title Habitat shift and time budget of the Tibetan argali: the influence of livestock grazing Type Miscellaneous
Year 2007 Publication Ecological Resources Abbreviated Journal
Volume 22 Issue Pages 25-31
Keywords habitat shift; livestock; Tibetan argali; Time budget; trans-himalaya
Abstract Livestock production is the primary source of livelihood and income in most of the high steppe and alpine regions of the Indian Trans-Himalaya. In some areas, especially those established or proposed for biodiversity conservation, recent increases in populations of domestic livestock, primarily sheep and goats, have raised concern about domestic animals competitively excluding wild herbivores from the rangelands. We

evaluated the influence of domestic sheep and goat grazing on the habitat use and time budget of the endangered Tibetan argali Ovis ammon hodgsoni in the proposed Gya-Miru Wildlife Sanctuary, Ladakh, India. We asked if the domestic sheep and goat grazing and collateral human activities relegate the argali to suboptimal habitats, and alter their foraging time budgets. Data were collected on habitat use and time budget of a population of c. 50 argalis before and after c. 2,000 sheep and goats moved onto their winter pasture in the Tsabra catchment of the aforementioned reserve. Following the introduction of domestic sheep and goats, argalis continued to use the same catchment but shifted to steeper habitats, closer to cliffs, with lower vegetation cover, thus abandoning previously used plant communities with denser cover. Argalis' active time spent foraging also decreased by 10% in response to the presence of livestock. These results suggest a clear disturbance effect of livestock on argalis, and indicate a potential for competition, conceivably a significant disadvantage for argalis in winter when forage availability is minimal.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number (down) SLN @ rana @ 926 Serial 713
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