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Author |
Kitchener, S.L.; Meritt; Rosenthal, M. |
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Title |
Observations on the breeding and husbandry of snow leopards, Panthera uncia |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1975 |
Publication  |
Int.Zoo Yearbook |
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Volume |
15 |
Issue |
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Pages |
212-217 |
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Keywords |
breeding; husbandry; behavior; captivity; zoos; zoo; browse; 3640; Adult; care; biology; growth; mortality; factor; young; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; program; park |
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Describes adult care and breeding biology, and the care, growth, and mortality factors of young snow leopards in a successful breeding program in the Lincon Park Zoo, Chicago, Illinois. |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 31 |
Serial |
535 |
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Author |
Koshkarev, E.P. |
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Title |
Characteristics of snow leopard (Uncia uncia) movements in the Tien Shan |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1984 |
Publication |
International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
4 |
Issue |
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Pages |
15-21 |
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Keywords |
Tien-Shan; Russia; Soviet-Union; Ussr; behavior; habitat; tracks; tracking; prey; predator; ibex; kills; browse; tien shan; soviet union; soviet; union; 2750 |
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Reports on a 3 yr winter study of snow leopard movements and activity, based on following tracks in the snow in Tien Shan Mountains of USSR. Travel route preference is examined with regard to snow and terrain characteristics, and prey abundance. Snow leopard kills of ibex and hare are noted |
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Full text available at URL |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 403 |
Serial |
570 |
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Author |
Rieger, I. |
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Title |
Scent marking behaviour of ounces, Uncia uncia |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
1978 |
Publication |
International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards, Vol. 1 |
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Volume |
1 |
Issue |
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Pages |
78-103 |
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Keywords |
behavior; behaviour; captive; International; marking; ounce; pedigree; scent; Scent-Marking; snow leopard; Uncia uncia; zoo |
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Helsinki Zoo |
Place of Publication |
Helsinki |
Editor |
Blomqvist, L. |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1037 |
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818 |
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Author |
O'Connor, T.; Freeman, H. |
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Title |
Maternal behavior and behavioral development in the captive snow leopard (Panthera uncia) |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
1982 |
Publication |
International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards, Vol. 3 |
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Volume |
3 |
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Pages |
103-110 |
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Keywords |
behavior; captive; development; International; Panthera-uncia; pedigree; snow leopard; zoo |
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Helsinki Zoo |
Place of Publication |
Helsinki |
Editor |
Blomqvist, L. |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1035 |
Serial |
733 |
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Author |
Freeman, H. |
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Title |
Characteristics of the social behavior in the snow leopard |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
1982 |
Publication |
International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards, Vol. 3 |
Abbreviated Journal |
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3 |
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117-120 |
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Keywords |
behavior; International; pedigree; snow leopard; social; social-behavior |
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Helsinki Zoo |
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Helsinki |
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Blomqvist, L. |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1029 |
Serial |
318 |
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Author |
Chubykina, H.L., Shilo, R.A. |
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Title |
A study of diurnal activity rhythms in snow leopards and lynx (Panthera uncia and Felix lynx) at Novosibirsk Zoo |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1981 |
Publication |
International Zoo Yearbook |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
21 |
Issue |
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Pages |
193-196 |
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Keywords |
snow leopard, captivity, activity, behaviors, Novosibirsk Zoo |
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English |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ |
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1211 |
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Author |
Ale, S.B., Brown, J.S. |
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Title |
Prey behavior leads to predator: a case study of the Himalayan tahr and the snow leopard in Sagarmatha (Mt. Everest) National Park, Nepal |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Israel Journal of Ecology & Evolution |
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55 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
315-327 |
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Keywords |
vigilance, fear, behavioral indicator, predator, prey, snow leopard, Himalayan tahr, Mount Everest |
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Abstract |
Rare, elusive predators offer few sightings, hindering research with small sample sizes and lack of experimentation. While predators may be elusive, their prey are more readily observed. Prey respond to the presence of a predator, and these fear responses may have population- and community-level consequences. Anti-predator behaviors, such as vigilance, allow us to sidestep the difficulty of direct field studies of large predators by studying them indirectly. Here we used a behavioral indicator, the vigilance behavior of the Himalayan tahr, the snow leopard’s main local prey, to reveal the distribution and habitat use of snow leopards in the Mt. Everest region of Nepal. We combined techniques of conventional field biology with concepts of foraging theory to study prey behavior in order to obtain insights into the predator’s ecology. The Himalayan tahr’s vigilance behavior correlates with the distribution of snow leopard signs. Tahr actually led us to six sightings of snow leopards. We conclude that behavioral indicators provided by prey offer a valuable tool for studying and monitoring stealthy and rare carnivores. |
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Science from Israel, a division of LPPLtd. |
Place of Publication |
Israel |
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English |
Summary Language |
English |
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SLN @ rana @ |
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1109 |
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Author |
Schmidt, A.M.; Hess, D.L.; Schmidt, M.J.; Lewis, C.R. |
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Title |
Serum concentrations of oestradiol and progesterone and frequency of sexual behaviour during the normal oestrous cycle in the snow leopard (Panthera uncia) |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1993 |
Publication |
J Reprod Fertil |
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98 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
91-95 |
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Keywords |
Animal; Animals; zoo; physiology; Carnivora; Estradiol; Blood; estrus; Female; Progesterone; Seasons; Sex; behavior; Support; U.S.Gov't; P.H.S.; browse; us; government; gov't; 490 |
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Serum oestradiol and progesterone concentrations were measured at weekly intervals for six months, and correlated with daily behavioural observations in two adult female snow leopards (Panthera uncia). Three oestradiol peaks (> 21 pg ml-1; interval 3.6 weeks) were identified in a snow leopardess housed alone (two more were probably missed because of the weekly sampling schedule), and three oestradiol peaks were identified in a snow leopardess housed with a male as a breeding pair (interval 6 weeks). Daily frequencies of feline reproductive behaviour averaged 1.77 observations per observation period during weeks of high oestradiol and 0.62 during weeks of low oestradiol. Progesterone concentrations did not rise above baseline values (< 2 ng ml-1) in the isolated animal, but 6 weeks of high progesterone concentrations (4.9- 38.8 ng ml-1) was recorded in the paired snow leopardess following mating. No offspring were produced. Snow leopards were observed daily for an additional 4.5 years. Sexual behaviour peaks could be clearly identified from December through April, and average daily sexual behaviour scores were higher during these months than during the rest of the year. Intervals between sexual behaviour peaks for the isolated snow leopardess averaged 3.03 weeks. The sexual behaviour of the paired snow leopards decreased for 8-9 weeks following mating when no offspring were produced, and decreased for 13 weeks in one year when a single cub was born. |
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0022-4251 |
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Document Type: eng |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 204 |
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874 |
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Author |
Rana, B.S. |
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Title |
Distinguishing kills of two large mammalian predators in Spiti Valley Himachal Pradesh |
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Journal Article |
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1997 |
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J.Bombay Nat.Hist.Soc |
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94 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
553 |
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Keywords |
behavior; endangered; threatened species; foods; feeding; mammals; predation; wildlife; livestock relationships; snow leopard; Tibetan wolf; prey; livestock; India; panthera uncia; canis lupis; browse; threatened; species; relationships; tibetan; wolf; panthera; uncia; canis; lupis; 610 |
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The author studied livestock killed by predators in the Spiti Valley, India, to determine what species had killed yaks, horses, donkeys, and other domestic animals. Eleven of the kills examined were made by snow leopards and six by the Tibetan wolf. Wolves were involved in surplus killings, while snow leopards kill as food is needed. lgh |
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Document Type: English |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 326 |
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804 |
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Author |
Burgener, N.; Gusset, M.; Schmid, H. |
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Title |
Frustrated appetitive foraging behavior, stereotypic pacing, and fecal glucocorticoid levels in snow leopards (Uncia uncia) in the Zurich Zoo |
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Miscellaneous |
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Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science |
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11 |
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74-83 |
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behavior; captive; fecal; feeding strategy; physiological; snow leopard; zoo |
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This study hypothesized that permanently frustrated, appetitive-foraging behavior caused the stereotypic pacing regularly observed in captive carnivores. Using 2 adult female snow leopards (Uncia uncia), solitarily housed in the Zurich Zoo, the study tested this hypothesis experimentally with a novel feeding method: electronically controlled, time-regulated feeding boxes. The expected result of employing this active foraging device as a successful coping strategy was reduced behavioral and physiological measures of stress, compared with a control-feeding regime without feeding boxes. The study assessed this through behavioral observations and by evaluating glucocorticoid levels noninvasively from feces. Results indicated that the 2 snow leopards did not perform successful coping behavior through exercising active foraging behavior or through displaying the stereotypic pacing. The data support a possible explanation: The box-feeding method did not provide the 2 snow leopards with the external stimuli to satisfy their appetitive behavioral needs. Moreover, numerous other factors not necessarily or exclusively related to appetitive behavior could have caused and influenced the stereotypic pacing. |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 915 |
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202 |
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