| Records |
| Author |
Freeman, H. |
| Title |
Behavior in adult pairs of captive snow leopards (Panthera uncia) |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1983 |
Publication |
Zoo Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
2 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
1-22 |
| Keywords |
behavior; zoo; zoos; captive; captivity; estrus; breeding; mating; veterinary; browse; 1600 |
| Abstract |
Eight adult pairs of snow leopards (Panthera uncia) were observed for one to three years in the months December through March to determine the species' social and reproductive characteristics in captivity. To statistically examine the occurrence of behaviors as a function of estrus, the observation weeks were divided into three time blocks: before estrus, estrus, and after estrus. Using percentage of scan samples as an estimate of time spent in various behaviors, 16 behaviors and combined behavior categories were examined for (1) behaviors that differentiated successfully from unsuccessfully breeding pairs, (2) sex differences in behavior, (3) significant correlations between pair members, and (4) behaviors that showed time block effects. The rationale for identifying a behavioral profile of successful breeders in snow leopards was to aid zoos in their captive management programs by increasing their knowledge of the social behavior of this species. By finding correlates to breeding success, informed decisions on whether to change partners after a certain period of time, how to group the cats, and the optimum strategy for a survival plan can be made. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2000 APA, all rights reserved |
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Document Type: English |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 60 |
Serial |
319 |
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| Author |
Freeman, H. |
| Title |
Characteristics of the social behavior in the snow leopard |
Type |
Book Chapter |
| Year |
1982 |
Publication |
International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards, Vol. 3 |
Abbreviated Journal |
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3 |
Issue |
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Pages |
117-120 |
| Keywords |
behavior; International; pedigree; snow leopard; social; social-behavior |
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Helsinki Zoo |
Place of Publication |
Helsinki |
Editor |
Blomqvist, L. |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 1029 |
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318 |
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| Author |
Rieger, I. |
| Title |
Some difficulty breeding ounces, (Uncia uncia) at zoological gardens |
Type |
Journal Article |
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1980 |
Publication |
Int.Ped Book of Snow Leopards |
Abbreviated Journal |
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2 |
Issue |
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Pages |
76-95 |
| Keywords |
breeding; captivity; zoo; zoos; monagamy; behavior; browse; 3670 |
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discusses monagamy in snow leopards |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 54 |
Serial |
819 |
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| Author |
McCarthy, T.; Khan, J.; Ud-Din, J.; McCarthy, K. |
| Title |
First study of snow leopards using GPS-satellite collars underway in Pakistan |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Cat News |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
46 |
Issue |
Spring |
Pages |
22-23 |
| Keywords |
study; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; using; collars; collar; Pakistan; uncia; Uncia uncia; Uncia-uncia; habitat; Cats; cat; sound; knowledge; ecology; behavior; conserve; information; radio; radio collars; radio collar; radio-collars; radio-collar; Nepal; 1980; Mongolia; 1990; Gps; Report; Data; Satellite |
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Snow leopards (Uncia uncia) are highly cryptic and occupy remote inaccessible habitat, making studying the cats difficult in the extreme. Yet sound knowledge of the cat's ecology, behavior and habitat needs is required to intelligently conserve them. This information is lacking for snow leopards, and until recently so was the means to fill that knowledge gap. Two long-term studies of snow leopards using VHF radio collars have been undertaken in Nepal (1980s) and Mongolia (1990s) but logistical and technological constraints made the findings of both studies equivocal. Technological advances in the interim, such as GPS collars which report data via satellite, make studies of snow leopards more promising, at least in theory. |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1009 |
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666 |
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| Author |
McVittie, R. |
| Title |
Nursing behavior of snow leopard cubs |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1978 |
Publication |
Applied-Animal-Ethology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
4 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
159-168 |
| Keywords |
suckling; behavior; veterinary; zoo; zoos; medical; browse; 1580 |
| Abstract |
Reports that a preliminary project on nursing behavior in 3 young snow leopards revealed 2 phases in suckling pattern: nonnutritive and nutritive. The latter was distinguished by stereotypic rhythmical movements of the ears associated with swallowing. The cubs also demonstrated a teat preference, but the adaptive significance of such preferences and the accompanying agonistic behavior were unclear. (27 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2000 APA, all rights reserved)(unassigned) |
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Document Type: English |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 37 |
Serial |
669 |
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| Author |
Meiers, S.T. |
| Title |
Habitat use by captive puma (Felis concolor) and snow leopards (Pathera uncia) at the Lincoln Park Zoo, Chicago, Illinois |
Type |
Book Whole |
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1992 |
Publication |
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1-74 |
| Keywords |
habitat; habitat use; use; captive; felis; Felis-concolor; concolor; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; uncia; park; zoo; 1990; observations; panthera; panthera uncia; Panthera-uncia; zoological; zoological gardens; zoological-gardens; gardens; behavior; species; Time budget; dens; Identity; Animals; Animal; non; Cats; cat; location; relief |
| Abstract |
Between May 1990 and January 1991, behavioral observations were made of two captive pumas (Felis concolor Linnaeus), and two captive snow leopards (Panthera uncia Schreber) in their outdoor exhibits at the Lincoln Park Zoological Gardens, Chicago, Illinois. Behaviors compared within and between species included: 1) time spend in the different habitat types; 2) time budgets for the different behaviors: laying, moving, sitting, standing, crouching, in the tree, drinking, urinating, defecating, within their inside dens, and “behavior not determined” when the identity or behavior of the individuals could not be determined; and 3) mobility of the animals within their exhibits. Also examined were: 4) preferences for different habitat types; 5) recommendations for future exhibit designs. Both species located themselves within their exhibits in a non-random manner. The majority of cats' time was spent in elevated locations (i.e., gunite ledges approximately 1-5.5 m above ground-level). Snow leopards exhibited this tendency to a greater extent than did the pumas. Both species also spent the majority of their time in the lying-down behavior; again snow leopards displayed this tendency significantly more than the pumas. Pumas were highly mobile and changed locations and behaviors in their exhibit significantly more than the snow leopards. No significant differences were noted between conspecifics in regard to habitat type preference, or mobility within the exhibit. Suggestions for future exhibit design include elevated locations for the cats to lay and look around within and outside their exhibits, caves for access to shade or relief from inclement weather, and ground surfaces to move about on. Features for exhibit design should take into consideration the natural habitat of the cat to occupy the exhibit. |
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Ph.D. thesis |
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DePaul University |
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A thesis submitted to the faculty of the Department of Biological Sciences in partial fulfillment of the degree requirements for the degree of Master of Science at DePaul University. |
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SLN @ rana @ 1008 |
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673 |
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Ming, M. |
| Title |
Camera trapping on snow leopards in the Muzat Valley, Reserve, Xinjiang, P.R. China (October-December 2005) |
Type |
Report |
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2006 |
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1-5 |
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behavior; camera trapping; China; feces; ibex; infrared trapping cameras; livestock; population size; snow leopard; Tomur; transect; Xinjiang |
| Abstract |
The main purpose of this work was to study the use of infrared trapping cameras to estimate Snow Leopard population size in a specific study area. This is the first time a study of this nature has taken place in China. During 71 days of field work, a total of 36 cameras were set up in Muzat Valley adjacent to the Tomur Nature Reserve in Xinjiang Province. We expended approximately 2094 trap days total. At least 32 pictures of Snow Leopards, 22 pictures of other wild species and 72 pictures of livestock were taken in the Muzat Valley. Meanwhile, 20 transects were run and 31 feces sample were collected. We also observed the behavior of ibex for 77.3 hours and found a total of approximately 264 ibexes in the research area. |
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SLN @ rana @ 970 |
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682 |
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Ming, M.; Chundawat R.S.; Jumabay, K.; Wu, Y.; Aizeizi, Q.; Zhu, M.H. |
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Camera trapping of snow leopards for the photo capture rate and population size in the Muzat Valley of Tianshan Mountains |
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Journal Article |
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2006 |
Publication |
Acta Theriologica Sinica |
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52 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
788-793 |
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behavior; camera trapping; capture; China; Chinese; density; feces; fox; ibex; infrared trapping cameras; livestock; photo; population; research; reserve; sign; snow leopard; survey; Tianshan Mountains; Tomur; transect; Uncia uncia; Xinjiang |
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The main purpose of this work was to study the use of infrared trapping cameras to estimate snow leopard Uncia uncia population size in a specific study area. This is the first time a study of this nature has taken place in China. During 71 days of field work, a total of 36 cameras were set up in five different small vales of the Muzat Valley adjacent to the Tomur Nature Reserve in Xinjiang Province, E80ø35' – 81ø00' and N42ø00' – 42ø10', elevation 2'300 – 3'000 m, from 18th October to 27th December 2005. We expended approximately 2094 trap days and nights total (c. 50'256 hours). At least 32 pictures of snow leopards, 22 pictures of other wild species (e.g. chukor, wild pig, ibex, red fox, cape hare) and 72 pictures of livestock were taken by the passive Cam Trakker (CT) train monitor in about 16 points of the Muzat Valley. The movement distance of snow leopard was 3-10 km/day. And the capture rate or photographic rate of snow leopard was 1.53%. Meanwhile, 20 transects were run and 31 feces sample were collected. According to 32 photos, photographic rate and sign survey after snowing on the spot, were about 5-8 individuals of snow leopards in the research area, and the minimum density of snow leopard in Muzat Valley was 2.0 – 3.2 individuals/100 km2. We observed the behavior of ibex for 77.3 hours, and found about 20 groups and a total of approximately 264 ibexes in the research area. |
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In Chinese |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 971 |
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683 |
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Fox, J.L. |
| Title |
Conflict between predators and people in Ladakh |
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Journal Article |
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1997 |
Publication |
Cat News |
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17 |
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18 |
| Keywords |
asia; India; behavior; endangered; threatened-species; mammals; management; predation; public relations; reserves; refuges; parks; wildlife; human-relationships; livestock; sheep; goats; prey; International-Snow-Leopard-Trust; protected-area; Hemis; browse; Islt; International; snow; leopard; trust; public; Relations; Human; relationships; protected; 640 |
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During a six-week period in Hemis National Park, Ladakh, India, snow leopards killed 10 sheep and goats and one leopard gained access to a livestock pen and killed many of the animals inside. Dholes also killed sheep and goats, and a wolf killed a young horse. Residents routinely remove snow leopard cubs from their dens to limit future damage by this species. How to deal with the plight of the people living in the area while still protecting the endangered species are major concerns of the International Snow Leopard Trust, which manages Hemis National Park. lgh. |
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AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Ecol./Zool., IBG Univ. Tromso, Tromso, Norway, ORIGINAL SOURCE: Snow Leopard News, Autumn 1997
Document Type: English
Call Number: WR99-007446 |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 309 |
Serial |
310 |
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| Author |
O'Connor, T.; Freeman, H. |
| Title |
Maternal behavior and behavioral development in the captive snow leopard (Panthera uncia) |
Type |
Book Chapter |
| Year |
1982 |
Publication |
International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards, Vol. 3 |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
3 |
Issue |
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Pages |
103-110 |
| Keywords |
behavior; captive; development; International; Panthera-uncia; pedigree; snow leopard; zoo |
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Helsinki Zoo |
Place of Publication |
Helsinki |
Editor |
Blomqvist, L. |
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SLN @ rana @ 1035 |
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733 |
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