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| Author |
Jalanka, H.H.; Roeken, B. |
| Title |
The use of Medetomidine, Medetomidine-Ketamine combinations, and Atipamezole in nondomestic mammals: A review |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year  |
1990 |
Publication |
Journal-of-Zoo-and-Wildlife-Medicine |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
21 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
259-282 |
| Keywords |
use; medetomidine; atipamezole; mammals |
| Abstract |
The recent development of potent and specifica lphar-adrenoceptoar gonistsa nd antagonists has enhanced their use in nondomestic animal immobilization and reversal. Medetomidine, a new potent alphar-agonist, in combination with the dissociative anesthetic ketamine, has been used to immobilize a variety of nondomestic mammals. Medetomidine alone induces sedation in a dose-dependent way, and complete immobilization has been achieved with high doses in semidomesticated reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) and blue foxes (Alopex lagopus). Howbver, we feel that ketamine should be added to the immobilization mixture to ensure complete immobilization and operator safety. In ketamine combinations, medetomidine doses are usually 60-100 pg/kg. The required ketamine doses are remarkably low:0.8-1.6 mglkg in most ruminants,2.5-3.0 mgUgin felids,u rsids,a nd canids,a nd 5.G-8.0m glkgi n primates,w olverines(Gulog ulo),ando therm uitelids. Clinically, the resulting immobilization is characterized by a smooth onset, good to excellent myorelaxation, and areflexia at higher doses. Determinations of hematologic, serum biochemicil, arterial blood gas,a nd acid-bases tatusp arametersi ndicate that the immobilization is physiologically sound. We have had no fatalities attributable to the immobilization mixture ( I ,240 immobilizations). The alphar-adrenoceptora ntagonist,a tipamezole,i s highly efective in reversingt he immobilization induced by medetomidine, medetomidine-ketamine combinations, or xylazine. In ruminants, the medetomidine-ketamine-induced immobilization can be rapidly and persistently reversed by administering 100-l 50 1rg/kg of alipamezole i.v. and the rest s.c., adjusting the total atipamezole dose to an atipamezole: medetomidine ratio of approximately 4-5 (w/w). Becauseth e required ketamine doses are relatively high in carnivores, we prefer to use a lower atipamezole dose (totil atipamezoie: medetomidine ratio approximately 2-3 w/w) and to administer it i.m. or s.c. Using thii regimen, reversals are calm and animals show minimal “residual ketamine effect.” Because atipamezole is a competitive antagonist, its dose should be reduced if it is administered late in the immobilization period when a large part of medetomidine has been endogenously metabolized. Xylazine-induced immobilization is rapidly reversed by I mg of atipamezole for every 8-12 mg of xylazine used. |
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American Association of Zoo Veterinarians |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1081 |
Serial |
486 |
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| Author |
Sokolov V.E. |
| Title |
The Chatkal nature reserve |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1990 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
301-302 |
| Keywords |
Uzbekistan; Cahtkal nature reserve; location; climate; soils; flora; fauna; mammals; snow leopard.; 8280; Russian |
| Abstract |
It provides general information about the Chatkal nature reserve (Uzbekistan), its physico-geographical features, and description of flora and fauna. Fauna of vertebrate animals includes four fishes, two amphibians, 11 reptiles, 176 birds, and 33 mammals. The typical mammals of the nature reserve are fox and badger. Sometimes, steppe cat can be met too. Snow leopard and marbled polecat are seen rarely. Brown bear is quite widely distributed. Ungulates such as wild boar and ibex are widely distributed in the nature reserve. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Nature reserves of Central Asia and Kazakhstan. |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 806 |
Serial |
911 |
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| Author |
Sokolov V.E. |
| Title |
The Sary Chelek nature reserve |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1990 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Issue |
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Pages |
351-362 |
| Keywords |
Kyrgyzstan; Sary Chelek nature reserve; location; climate; soils; flora; fauna; mammals; snow leopard.; 8290; Russian |
| Abstract |
It provides general information about the Sary Chelek nature reserve (Kyrgyzstan), its physico-geographical features, and description of flora and fauna. Fauna of mammals includes over 40 species. A lot of work has been done in the nature reserve in order to protect rare species, including predators such as snow leopard, lynx, and bear. Snow leopard keeps to highlands, sometime entering into the forest zone. It was observed near lake Sary-Chelek. The following ungulate species inhabit the nature reserve: wild boar, ibex, and roe-deer. Population of wild boar consists of 700 800 animals, ibex 350 400, roe-deer 300 animals. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Nature reserves of Central Asia and Kazakhstan. |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 807 |
Serial |
910 |
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| Author |
Allabergenov E. |
| Title |
The cat family |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1991 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Issue |
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Pages |
16-23 |
| Keywords |
Uzbekistan; Red Data book; endangered mammals; Cats; snow leopard; 5950; Russian |
| Abstract |
It provides field signs and brief comparative characteristic of cat species in Uzbekistan, five of which are included in the Red Data Book of Uzbekistan and the USSR: lynx, caracal, manul, snow leopard and cheetah. Snow leopard is protected in the Zaamin, Chatkal, and Gissar nature reserves. A snow leopard female bears up to five cubs (normally two three) once in two years. Gestation period is 90 days. Female suckles her cubs until they reach the age of three four months. |
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1991 |
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Russian |
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Full text available in Russian Journal Title: Mammals included in the Red Data Book. |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 574 |
Serial |
62 |
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| Author |
Abdunazarov B.B. |
| Title |
Rare and endangered animal species in the Kashkadaraya region |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1994 |
Publication |
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3 |
| Keywords |
Uzbekistan; Kashkadarya region; rare species; mammals; birds; reptiles; fishes; snow leopard.; 5760; Russian |
| Abstract |
41 percent of all vertebrate species listed in the Red Book of the Uzbek SSR (18 mammal species, 29 bird, 6 reptile, and 8 fish species) inhabit the Kashkadarya region. The mammals are Tien Shan brown bear, Central Asian otter, Turkistan lynx, snow leopard, and goitered gazelle. Nesting bird fauna includes the following species: black stork, Turkistan white stork, short toed eagle, booted eagle, golden eagle, bearded vulture, black vulture, griffon vulture, saker falcon, houbara bustard, and eagle owl. Migrating and wintering bird species are dalmatian pelican, rose pelican, mute swan, osprey, tawny eagle, imperial eagle, pin-tailed sandgrouse; and possibly Bonnli's eagle and Barbary falcon that have not been seen here since 1950-s. Rare reptiles are represented by two species: desert monitor and Central Asian cobra. |
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Russian |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Behavioral ecology (Animals and soil ecology). |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 556 |
Serial |
23 |
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| Author |
Vashetko E.V. |
| Title |
On the fauna of terrestrial vertebrates inhabiting Hissar Nature Reserve |
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Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1996 |
Publication |
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Issue 1. |
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Pages |
35-43 |
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Uzbekistan; Hissar nature reserve; fauna; vertebrates; amphibians; reptiles; mammals; lizards; snakes; insectivores; bats; carnivores; ungulates; rodents; lagomorphs; species composition; biodiversity assessment; snow leopard.; 8460; Russian |
| Abstract |
The data on the species composition, numbers and distribution of the terrestrial vertebrates over territory Hissar nature reserve are discussed. About 60 species of amphibians, reptiles and mammals have been recorded in the reserve as a result of our own researches and the analyses of communication. There were recorded 5-7 individuals of snow leopard in Kyzylsu site of nature reserve and 15 individuals in Miraki site of nature reserve in 1979-1981. |
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Full text available in Russian.Journal Title: Proceeding of Nature Reserves in Uzbekistan. |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 823 |
Serial |
981 |
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| Author |
Jackson, R.M.; Ahlborn, G.; Gurung, M.; Ale, S. |
| Title |
Reducing livestock depredation losses in the Nepalese Himalaya |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
1996 |
Publication |
Proc.Vertebr.Pest Conf |
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17 |
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Pages |
241-247 |
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damage; damage-by-wildlife; endangered; threatened species; livestock; mammals; management; predator-control; public-relations; wildlife; livestock-relationships; Nepal; asia; herders; conservation; Manang; Khangshar; depredation; conflict; predator; prey; browse; public; threatened; species; control; Relations; 700 |
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The authors investigated livestock depredation patterns of snow leopards on the northern slopes of the Himalayans near the villages of Manang and Khangshar, Nepal. Information is discussed on the relationships among livestock loss, endangered species management, public relations/conservation issues, and cooperative efforts among institutions involved in the decision making process. A plan is devised for alleviating livestock loss and protecting endangered species in the area. pcp |
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Full Text at URL: ADDRESS: Mountain Inst., Main & Dogwood St., Franklin, WV 26807//“Proceedings Seventeenth Vertebrate Pest Conference-March 5-7, 1996, Rohnert Park, California”; Timm, Robert M.; Crabb, A. Charles, editorsDocument Type: English |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 271 |
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480 |
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| Author |
Filonov K.F. |
| Title |
Large terrestrial mammals in the reserves of Russia: their status and prospects of conservation |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1996 |
Publication |
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343-348 |
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Russia; nature reserves; large mammals; carnivores; ungulates; distribution; number; snow leopard.; 6680; Russian |
| Abstract |
The authors make an analysis of fauna of large mammals in 68 nature reserves. There are 10 carnivores and 17 ungulates. Wolf, brown bear, wolverine and lynx appeared to be more widely spread. Dhole, snow leopard, tiger, Himalayan bear have limited distribution and low density. Hey have recorded in a few nature reserves. Among the ungulates wild boar, musk deer, red deer, roe deer, moose, reindeer and aurochs are more widely spread. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Status of mammal fauna in Russian and adjoining states. |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 646 |
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276 |
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| Author |
Rana, B.S. |
| Title |
Distinguishing kills of two large mammalian predators in Spiti Valley Himachal Pradesh |
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Journal Article |
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1997 |
Publication |
J.Bombay Nat.Hist.Soc |
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94 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
553 |
| Keywords |
behavior; endangered; threatened species; foods; feeding; mammals; predation; wildlife; livestock relationships; snow leopard; Tibetan wolf; prey; livestock; India; panthera uncia; canis lupis; browse; threatened; species; relationships; tibetan; wolf; panthera; uncia; canis; lupis; 610 |
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The author studied livestock killed by predators in the Spiti Valley, India, to determine what species had killed yaks, horses, donkeys, and other domestic animals. Eleven of the kills examined were made by snow leopards and six by the Tibetan wolf. Wolves were involved in surplus killings, while snow leopards kill as food is needed. lgh |
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Document Type: English |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 326 |
Serial |
804 |
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| Author |
Hunter, D. |
| Title |
Mongolian-American Snow Leopard Project |
Type |
Journal Article |
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1997 |
Publication |
Cat News |
Abbreviated Journal |
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26 |
Issue |
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Pages |
15-16 |
| Keywords |
asia; Mongolia; panthera uncia; endangered; threatened species; mammals; study methods; techniques; telemetry; snow leopard project; distribution; Gobi Desert; threatened; species; snow; leopard; snow-leopard; project; study; methods; panthera; uncia; browse; 630 |
| Abstract |
A snow leopard project is underway to study snow leopards in Mongolia. The project, called the Mongolian-American Snow Leopard Project, involves the Wildlife Conservation Society, the Mongolian Association for the Conservation of Nature and Environment, the National Geographic Society, the Mongolian Ministry of Nature and the Environment, the U.S. National Biological Service, and the International Snow Leopard Trust. The objective of the study is to survey the distribution and status of Mongolia's snow leopards, including those living in the Gobi Desert. klf. |
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AUTHOR ADDRESS: Natl. Biol. Surv., MESC, 4512 McMurray Ave., Fort Collins, CO 80525-3400, NOTES: reprinted from: Snow Line (Intl. Snow Leopard Trust) Vol. XIV, 1996.
Document Type: English
Call Number: WR97-008333 |
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SLN @ rana @ 310 |
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392 |
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