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Author Koshkarev E.P.
Title Key areas of snow leopard's habitat as main conservation objects Type Miscellaneous
Year (up) 1990 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Part. 1. Issue Pages 97-98
Keywords Kazakhstan; Southern Siberia; Central Asia; Talass ridge; Chatkal ridge; Zeravshan ridge; Hissar ridge; species range; key sites; snow leopard; nature reserves.; 7260; Russian
Abstract The most vulnerable key areas within the snow leopard habitat are East Kazakhstan (an area of 48,000 square km) with no protected areas network established, and South Siberia (131,000 square km), where snow leopard is protected in three nature reserves. These areas are distant from main part of the habitat, isolated and have more extreme conditions. In Central Asia's key area (213,000 square km) linked to a main Chinese-Afghani part of the habitat, snow leopard was found in 11 nature reserves and two national parks. For reliable protection of this species it would be expedient to strengthen the role of the mountain nature reserves by means of extension and amalgamation of the areas, and other measures.
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Notes Full text available in Russian Journal Title: Environmental problems of wildlife protection. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 704 Serial 560
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Author Kovalev A.K.
Title Markhor in the Ramit nature reserve, Tajikistan Type Miscellaneous
Year (up) 1990 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Vol.3. Issue Pages 247-248
Keywords Tajikistan; Khazratishok ridge; Darvaza ridge; markhor; number; nature conservation; zakaznik; Ramit nature reserve; captive breeding; prey species; snow leopard.; 7320; Russian
Abstract The marchor habitat in Tajikistan is fragmented. The animals are reproduced in enclosures of the Ramit nature reserve and released into wildlife in Khel canyon. Two females were killed by snow leopard.
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Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Nature reserves of the USSR present and future. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 710 Serial 577
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Author Kovshar A.F.
Title The Aksu Jabagly nature reserve Type Miscellaneous
Year (up) 1990 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 80-102
Keywords Kazakhstan; Aksu Jabagly nature reserve; location; climate; soils; flora; fauna; snow leopard; wild ibex.; 7420; Russian
Abstract It provides general information about the Aksu Jabagly nature reserve (Kazakhstan), its physico-geographical features, description of flora and fauna. The rarest predator of the nature reserve is snow leopard. Its population is about 10 pairs. Its distribution and behavioral patterns are correlated with its main prey ibex. In the past, snow leopard used to be a common species for the Talas Ala-Tau. Today its number has reduced.
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Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Nature reserves of Central Asia and Kazakhstan. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 720 Serial 586
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Author Moiseev V.A.
Title Snow leopard Type Miscellaneous
Year (up) 1990 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 137-138
Keywords Uzbekistan; distribution; habitats; preys; Red Data book; snow leopard.; 7690; Russian
Abstract Snow leopard inhabits in zones of alpine meadows and juniper forests. Main preys are ibexes and wild sheep. Irbis included in Red Data book of USSR.
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Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Animals of Uzbekistan. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 747 Serial 702
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Author Oshmarin P.G.
Title Traces in nature Type Miscellaneous
Year (up) 1990 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 296
Keywords Traces of vital activity; hunting behavior; snow leopard.; 7820; Russian
Abstract Traces of vital activity of various animal species such as footprints, faeces, food remains, etc. are identified. It also provides information about hunting behavior of predators. Snow leopards would hunt along rather than in groups. Near the remains of prey they leave pieces of skin, skull of victim remaining untouched.
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Notes Full text available in Russian Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 760 Serial 757
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Author Prokopov K.P.
Title Taxonomic list of mammal fauna of eastern Kazakhstan Type Miscellaneous
Year (up) 1990 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Vol. I. Issue Pages 92-93
Keywords Kazakhstan; Altai; Zaisan valley; Saur-Tarbagatai; mammals; snow leopard.; 7990; Russian
Abstract During the period 1965 through 1988, studies were conducted in the north-east of Kazakhstan (Kazakhstan's Altai, Zaisan depression, Saur-Tarbagatai) and list of mammals (104 species) for the area made.
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Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Proceedings of V Congress mammalogy' society of the Academy of Science of the USSR. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 777 Serial 794
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Author Sapozhnikov G.N., G.O.N.
Title Ramit nature reserve Type Miscellaneous
Year (up) 1990 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 322-329
Keywords Tajikistan; Ramit nature reserve; flora; fauna; snow leopard.; 8080; Russian
Abstract The general information on Ramit nature reserve, Tajikistan as well as its physic-geographical, floristic and faunistic description is given. 7-15 snow leopards that make seasonal migrations following wild ibexes inhabit in nature reserve.
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Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Protected areas of Middle Asia and Kazakhstan. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 786 Serial 846
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Author Sokolov V.E.
Title The Sary Chelek nature reserve Type Miscellaneous
Year (up) 1990 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 351-362
Keywords Kyrgyzstan; Sary Chelek nature reserve; location; climate; soils; flora; fauna; mammals; snow leopard.; 8290; Russian
Abstract It provides general information about the Sary Chelek nature reserve (Kyrgyzstan), its physico-geographical features, and description of flora and fauna. Fauna of mammals includes over 40 species. A lot of work has been done in the nature reserve in order to protect rare species, including predators such as snow leopard, lynx, and bear. Snow leopard keeps to highlands, sometime entering into the forest zone. It was observed near lake Sary-Chelek. The following ungulate species inhabit the nature reserve: wild boar, ibex, and roe-deer. Population of wild boar consists of 700 800 animals, ibex 350 400, roe-deer 300 animals.
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Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Nature reserves of Central Asia and Kazakhstan. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 807 Serial 910
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Author Sokolov V.E.
Title The Chatkal nature reserve Type Miscellaneous
Year (up) 1990 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 301-302
Keywords Uzbekistan; Cahtkal nature reserve; location; climate; soils; flora; fauna; mammals; snow leopard.; 8280; Russian
Abstract It provides general information about the Chatkal nature reserve (Uzbekistan), its physico-geographical features, and description of flora and fauna. Fauna of vertebrate animals includes four fishes, two amphibians, 11 reptiles, 176 birds, and 33 mammals. The typical mammals of the nature reserve are fox and badger. Sometimes, steppe cat can be met too. Snow leopard and marbled polecat are seen rarely. Brown bear is quite widely distributed. Ungulates such as wild boar and ibex are widely distributed in the nature reserve.
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Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Nature reserves of Central Asia and Kazakhstan. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 806 Serial 911
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Author Zhiryakov V.A.
Title Wolves' role in biocenosis of the Almaty nature reserve (North Tien Shan) Type Miscellaneous
Year (up) 1990 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Vol. II. Issue Pages 278-279
Keywords Kazakhstan; Almaty nature reserve; ungulates; number; livestock; red deer; roe deer; ibex; wild boar; predators; brown bear; wolf; snow leopard.; 8780; Russian
Abstract The quantity of ungulates is high in the nature reserve: moral (100-120), roe deer (500-650), Siberian ibex (660-700), and wild boar (50-80). Moreover some 5,000 heads of livestock (mostly sheep) are grazed in a buffer zone in summer. Among big predators (snow leopard, bear, lynx) wolf kills about 40 percent of ungulates.
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Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Proceedings of V all-Union congress of mammalogy society of the Academy of Science of the USSR. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 855 Serial 1085
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Author Zhiryakov V.A.
Title The Almaty nature reserve Type Miscellaneous
Year (up) 1990 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 102-114
Keywords Kazakhstan; Almaty nature reserve; location; climate; soils; flora; fauna; snow leopard; number.; 8800; Russian
Abstract It provides general information about the Almatya nature reserve (Kazakhstan), its physico-geographical features and description of flora and fauna. Snow leopard inhabits alpine zone and goes down as low as forest-meadow zone following ibex in winter. There are two or three families of snow leopard in the nature reserve. The population of ibex is 600 700 animals.
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Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Nature reserves of Central Asia and Kazakhstan. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 857 Serial 1086
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Author Allabergenov E.
Title The cat family Type Miscellaneous
Year (up) 1991 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 16-23
Keywords Uzbekistan; Red Data book; endangered mammals; Cats; snow leopard; 5950; Russian
Abstract It provides field signs and brief comparative characteristic of cat species in Uzbekistan, five of which are included in the Red Data Book of Uzbekistan and the USSR: lynx, caracal, manul, snow leopard and cheetah. Snow leopard is protected in the Zaamin, Chatkal, and Gissar nature reserves. A snow leopard female bears up to five cubs (normally two three) once in two years. Gestation period is 90 days. Female suckles her cubs until they reach the age of three four months.
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Publisher Place of Publication 1991 Editor
Language Russian Summary Language Original Title
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Notes Full text available in Russian Journal Title: Mammals included in the Red Data Book. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 574 Serial 62
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Author Allabergenov E.
Title Predator that will never attack a man Type Miscellaneous
Year (up) 1991 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume 1 207 (7. 896) Issue Pages
Keywords Uzbekistan; distribution; number; diet; behavior; snow leopard.; 5960; Russian
Abstract Irbis is a very endangered species in Uzbekistan. The article provides a brief description of the snow leopard appearance and distribution. Reasons for reduction of snow leopard population is reduction of ungulate populations it preys on ibex and wild sheep and anthropogenic disturbance. Hunting for snow leopard is prohibited everywhere.
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Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Vecherniy Tashkent Newspaper Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 575 Serial 63
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Author Fox, J.L.; Sinha, S.P.; Chundawat, R.S.; Das, P.K.
Title Status of the snow leopard Panthera uncia in Northwest India Type Journal Article
Year (up) 1991 Publication Biological Conservation Abbreviated Journal
Volume 55 Issue 3 Pages 283-298
Keywords ibex; leopard; snow-leopard; blue-sheep; Asiatic-ibex; asia; Himalayas; India; Himalaya; Jammu; Kashmir; Ladakh; panthera; uncia; Pseudois; nayaur; Capra-ibex; parks; reserves; conservation; capra ibex; snow leopard; blue; sheep; browse; pseudois nayaur; capra; Asiatic; 790
Abstract Evidence of snow leopard presence was most abundant in C Ladakh, decreased southward toward the crest of the Himalaya, and was least on the S side of the main Himalaya. Prey populations, primarily blue sheep Pseudois nayaur and Asiatic ibex Capra ibex, were also more plentiful in the areas surveyed to the N of the main Himalaya. Perhaps 400 snow leopard occur throughout NW India. The stronghold of this species in India is apparently the trans- Himalayan ranges in Ladakh where new parks and reserves are being established, some in association with a snow leopard recovery programme of the state of Jammu and Kashmir and a 'Project Snow Leopard' of the central Indian government. Because of the generally low density of snow leopard, conservation measures must also be considered within the large areas of its range lying outside parks and reserves. -from Authors
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Notes Full text at URLDocument Type: English Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 174 Serial 297
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Author Mallon, D.P.
Title Status and Conservation of Large Mammals in Ladakh Type Journal Article
Year (up) 1991 Publication Biological Conservation Abbreviated Journal
Volume 56 Issue 1 Pages 101-119
Keywords Ladakh; India; snow-leopard; wolf; Canis-lupus; ibex; brown-bear; bear; Ursus-arctos; parks; reserves; hunting; herders; livestock; snow leopard; browse; canis; lupis; ursus; arctos; 800
Abstract The distribution and status of large mammals was surveyed in a 15 000 km2 study area in Ladakh, India. Snow leopard Panthera uncia, wolf Canis lupus, ibex Capra ibex and bharal Pseudois nayaur have an almost continuous distribution throughout; Ladakh urial Ovis vignei, Tibetan argali Ovis ammon, wild ass Equus kiang and brown bear Ursus arctos have a limited distribution. Snow leopard prefer lower altitudes and rocky, undisturbed areas. Ibex and bharal occupy similar rocky habitats but their ranges are mostly separate, with a small area of overlap. The Ladakh urial shows signs of recovery from an earlier decline. Natural resources are widely used for fuel, fodder and grazing, but favourable factors include a low human population, low level of hunting and the existence of some uninhabited and undisturbed areas. A comprehensive Protected Area Network has been proposed.
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Notes Publisher:ELSEVIER SCI LTD, OXFORD Document Type: English Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 175 Serial 647
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Author Oli, M.K.
Title Ecology and conservation of snow leopard project Type Report
Year (up) 1991 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume 6628 Issue Pages 1-9
Keywords 1990; conservation; ecology; Report; snow leopard; Wwf
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Notes WWF Project #6628: progress report 2 for the period December 1990 – March 1991. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 984 Serial 743
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Author Prasad, S.N.; Chundawat, R.S.; Hunter, D.O.; Panwar, H.S.; Rawat, G.S.
Title Remote sensing snow leopard habitat in the trans-Himalaya of India using spatial models and satellite imagery preliminary results Type Conference Article
Year (up) 1991 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 519-523
Keywords snow-leopard; Gis; cartographic-modelling; India; Ladakh; Zanskar; predation; habitat; prey; predator; blue-sheep; snow leopard; blue; sheep; browse; cartographic modelling; cartographic; modelling; 810
Abstract The snow leopard (Panthera uncia) is a flagship species for conservation in the high mountain regions of central Asia. Data on snow leopard predation, habitat conditions and range of main prey species were gathered along with thematic maps of the study area for elevation, snow cover, sighting data, kill data, blue sheep use areas, and vegetation data. These data were entered into a GIS and used to help delineate surface features from a satellite image. Preliminary results show that general physiographic features of snow leopard habitat can be detected using satellite imagery and that GIS cartographic modeling techniques can improve this delineation. -from Authors
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor Buhyoff, G.J.
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Notes Title, Monographic: Resource Technology 90. Proc. second international symposium on advanced technology in natural resources management Place of Meeting: Washington, DC Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 176 Serial 792
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Author Anonymous
Title The 7th International Snow Leopard Symposium Presentation Abstracts Type Conference Article
Year (up) 1992 Publication The 7th International Snow Leopard Symposium Presentation Abstracts Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 1-15
Keywords International; snow leopard; symposium
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor International Snow Leopard Trust; Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title 7th International Snow Leopard Symposium
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Notes Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 947 Serial 81
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Author Bogdanov O.P.
Title Snow leopard or irbis Uncia Uncia Type Miscellaneous
Year (up) 1992 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 76-80
Keywords Ussr; Uzbekistan; Pamir; tien shan; Hissar ridge; Turkestan ridge; Chatkal ridge; juniper forest; snow leopard; species range; hunting; behavior; diet; reproductive activity; number; ibex; mountain sheep.; 6380; Russian
Abstract Snow leopard and its habitat within the USSR and Uzbek SSR are described. Its habitat in the Chatkal and Hissar ridges are described too. Given are data concerning alimentary biology, reproduction, and attitude to man. Female snow leopards become mature at the age of two three years, male at the age of four years. Reproduction occurs once every two years. Presumably, there are 10 animals in the country. Snow leopard is protected in four nature reserves in Uzbekistan and a number of nature reserves in neighbour countries.
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Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Rare and endangered animals of Uzbekistan. Encyclopedic reference book. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 616 Serial 185
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Author Brem A.E.
Title Irbis, or snow leopard (Felis uncia) Type Miscellaneous
Year (up) 1992 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Vol.1. Mammals. Issue Pages 204-205
Keywords snow leopard; distribution; identification features.; 6390; Russian
Abstract Snow leopard is met in the mountains of Turkistan, Altai, Bukhara, Pamir, Kashmir, and Tibet, and probably in South-East Siberia and along Sungari. In 1871, two animals were living in the Moscow Zoo Garden.
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Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Life of animals. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 617 Serial 195
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Author Chundawat, R.S.
Title Ecological Studies of Snow Leopard and its Associated Prey Species in Hemis High Altitude Park, Ladakh (J&K) Type Book Whole
Year (up) 1992 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 90 pages
Keywords India; Ladakh; snow-leopard; predator; prey; herder; blue-sheep; habitat; herders; Hemis; parks; reserves; refuge; protected-area; snow leopard; blue; sheep; browse; protected; area; 980
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Corporate Author Thesis Ph.D. thesis
Publisher University of Rajasthan Place of Publication Editor
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Notes Snow Leopard Trust holds one copyPlace of Publication: Indira Gandhi Centre for Human Ecology, Environmental and Population Studies, University of Rajastan, Jaipur-302 004, IndiaDate of Copyright: 1992 Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 188 Serial 224
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Author Jackson, R.
Title SSC Plan for Snow Leopard Type Miscellaneous
Year (up) 1992 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords physiology; status; distribution; description; behavior; reproduction; mating; breeding; vocalization; gestation; biology; habitat; scrapes; sprays; scat; feces; longevity; homerange; home-range; prey; diet; Cites; Iunc; parks; preserves; reserves; refuge; protected-areas; movements; activity; livestock; herders; depredation; conflict; trade; poaching; hunting; research; captivity; management; zoos; Slims; surveys; transects; browse; home range; home; range; protected area; protected areas; protected; area; areas; 3920; plan; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard
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Notes Full Text at URL DRAFT – Revised September 22, 1992 by Rodney Jackson Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 201 Serial 450
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Author Meiers, S.T.
Title Habitat use by captive puma (Felis concolor) and snow leopards (Pathera uncia) at the Lincoln Park Zoo, Chicago, Illinois Type Book Whole
Year (up) 1992 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 1-74
Keywords habitat; habitat use; use; captive; felis; Felis-concolor; concolor; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; uncia; park; zoo; 1990; observations; panthera; panthera uncia; Panthera-uncia; zoological; zoological gardens; zoological-gardens; gardens; behavior; species; Time budget; dens; Identity; Animals; Animal; non; Cats; cat; location; relief
Abstract Between May 1990 and January 1991, behavioral observations were made of two captive pumas (Felis concolor Linnaeus), and two captive snow leopards (Panthera uncia Schreber) in their outdoor exhibits at the Lincoln Park Zoological Gardens, Chicago, Illinois. Behaviors compared within and between species included: 1) time spend in the different habitat types; 2) time budgets for the different behaviors: laying, moving, sitting, standing, crouching, in the tree, drinking, urinating, defecating, within their inside dens, and “behavior not determined” when the identity or behavior of the individuals could not be determined; and 3) mobility of the animals within their exhibits. Also examined were: 4) preferences for different habitat types; 5) recommendations for future exhibit designs. Both species located themselves within their exhibits in a non-random manner. The majority of cats' time was spent in elevated locations (i.e., gunite ledges approximately 1-5.5 m above ground-level). Snow leopards exhibited this tendency to a greater extent than did the pumas. Both species also spent the majority of their time in the lying-down behavior; again snow leopards displayed this tendency significantly more than the pumas. Pumas were highly mobile and changed locations and behaviors in their exhibit significantly more than the snow leopards. No significant differences were noted between conspecifics in regard to habitat type preference, or mobility within the exhibit. Suggestions for future exhibit design include elevated locations for the cats to lay and look around within and outside their exhibits, caves for access to shade or relief from inclement weather, and ground surfaces to move about on. Features for exhibit design should take into consideration the natural habitat of the cat to occupy the exhibit.
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Publisher DePaul University Place of Publication Editor
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Notes A thesis submitted to the faculty of the Department of Biological Sciences in partial fulfillment of the degree requirements for the degree of Master of Science at DePaul University. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 1008 Serial 673
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Author Smith, G.
Title Mongolia at the crossroads Type Journal Article
Year (up) 1992 Publication Earth Island Journal Abbreviated Journal
Volume 7 Issue 4 Pages 1
Keywords Mongolia; hunting; poaching; economy; snow-leopard; ibex; Argal; protection; conservation; snow leopard; browse; 1170
Abstract Abstract: Assesses foreign investment laws adopted by the government of Mongolia which have been deemed extremely flexible and favorable for Americans. Economic benefits presented by the big game hunt industry; Consultation with Secretary of State James Baker in the formulation of said laws during his July The Mongolian government is trying its best to make the country attractive to foreign investors. Big game hunts are still Mongolia's primary source of foreign cash. European and American hunters are willing to pay as much as $90,000 for rare game such as the ibex or the snow leopard. However, a recent US Fish and Wildlife Service ruling giving protection to the Argal, a wild sheep, could mean the cutting of cash inflows from foreign hunters.
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Notes Document Type: English Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 189 Serial 903
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Author Yang, Q.
Title Further study on the geographical distribution and conservation of snow leopard in Qinghai, P.R. China Type Miscellaneous
Year (up) 1992 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 1-7
Keywords China; conservation; distribution; Qinghai; snow leopard; survey
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Notes Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, Academia sinica, Xining, Qinghai, P.R. China 810001 Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 920 Serial 1049
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