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	Author	Zheengaziev A.
	Title	Geographical locaton, wild life and relief of Sary-Chelek state biosphere nature reserve and Besh-Aral state nature reserve		Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	2002	Publication	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue	Pages	7-10
	Keywords	Kyrgyzstan; Sary Chelek nature reserve; Besh Aral nature reserve; location; relief; flora; fauna; vertebrates; snow leopard.; 8710; Russian
	Abstract	The territorial description, floristic and faunistic characteristics of Sary-Chelek and Besh-Aral reserves and relief are given. There were registered about 40 species of mammals and 160 species of the birds in Sary-Chelek reserve. Ibex, roe deer, argali, wild boar, brown bear, snow leopard, lynx, porcupine, badger, marmot, hare etc. live here; muskrat, wood marten and American mink are acclimatized. Menzbier's marmot, fox, badger, wolf, brown bear, snow leopard, wild ibex and roe deer inhabited in Besh Aral reserve.
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	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Biodiversity of Western Tien Shan. Planning of an effective using of the ground areas.		Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 848		Serial	1075
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	Author	Zhiryakov V.A.
	Title	Ecology and behavior of the Snow leopard in Kazakhstan		Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	2002	Publication	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	N 1-4.	Issue	Pages	184-199
	Keywords	Kazakhstan; distribution; number; density; population size; habitats; marking; Migration; diet; prey species; hunting; faeces; Sex; Age; population dynamics; reproductive activity; competitors; mortality; snow leopard.; 8810; Russian
	Abstract	The data on spreading, numbers and population density of snow leopard in Kazakhstan are given in this article. The total number of the snow leopard in Kazakhstan is evaluated in 100-110 individuals. The everywhere occurred numbers' reduction under the influence of the anthropogenic factors is observed. The snow leopard' inhabitation area varies from 20 to 120 square kilometers depending on its regions. Sex and composition of the population and its aggregative behavior are given. The dynamics of numbers and mortality are estimated.
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	Corporate Author			Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Editor
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	Notes	Full text available in Russian.Journal Title: Selevinia. The zoological journal of Kazakhstan.		Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 858		Serial	1087
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	Author	Abdusalamov I.A.
	Title	Required protection measures for rare and endangered vertebrate species in Tajikistan		Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	2001	Publication	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	N 2 (143)	Issue	Pages	40-48
	Keywords	Tajikistan; vertebrates; protected areas; endangered species; snow leopard.; 5840; Russian
	Abstract	The network of Tajikistan's protected areas (four nature reserves, 14 national and 18 regional sanctuaries, one national park) is described. The establishment of `Shakhristan state complex nature reserve' and `Sarykamish state complex reserve', and interstate nature complex park on northern slope of the Turkestan ridge is recommended to improve conservation practices for a number of endangered vertebrate animal species in Northern Tajikistan (such as brown bear, snow leopard, wild sheep, and others).
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	Corporate Author			Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Editor
	Language	Russian	Summary Language	Original Title
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	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: News of the Academy of Science of Tajikistan.		Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 563		Serial	29
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	Author	Kolbintsev V.G.
	Title	Modern status of endangered vertebrates in Aksu Jabagly nature reserve		Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	2001	Publication	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	Vol.8.	Issue	Pages	139-140
	Keywords	Kazakhstan; Aksu Jabagly nature reserve; endangered vertebrates; number; snow leopard.; 7180; Russian
	Abstract	Data on number of several endangered vertebrates inhabiting in Aksu Jabagly nature reserve in 1990-2000 are given. Number of snow leopard is rather stable and evaluated as 2-3 pairs.
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	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Biodiversity of W Tien Shan (Kazakhstan). Proceedings of Aksu Jabagly State nature reserve.		Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 696		Serial	544
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	Author	Koshkarev E.
	Title	About snow leopard		Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	2001	Publication	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	Vol. 8.	Issue	Pages	148-151
	Keywords	Central Asia; status; poaching; conservation measures; snow leopard.; 7290; Russian
	Abstract	In 1980-s, in Central Asia there were 1,500-1,700 snow leopards: 800-900 in Kyrgyzstan, 500 in Tajikistan, 200 in Kazakhstan, and 100 in Uzbekistan. During the last century the number of snow leopard was constantly decreasing, though a its drastic reduction was observed after the collapse of the Soviet Union because of increased poaching for snow leopard and its objects of prey. The highest level of poaching was observed to occur in Kyrgyzstan. Kyrgyzstan's population of snow leopard reduced to 200 animals. A decrease of snow leopard number in other parts of its habitat with less intense hunting (Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, south-west Kyrgyzstan) was mostly because of depletion of food resources (population of ungulates reduced five eight times). The reasons are corruption and unemployment. In order to improve the situation it is required to improve regulatory framework and replicate existing positive experience in economic motivation of nature protection activities.
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	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Biological diversity of the West Tien Shan (Kazakhstan part). Proceedings of the Aksu Jabagly state nature reserve.		Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 707		Serial	557
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	Author	Kovshar A.F.
	Title	About representativeness of terrain vertebrate fauna in the Aksu Jabagly nature reserve for the whole West Tien Shan region		Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	2001	Publication	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	Vol.8.	Issue	Pages	97-99
	Keywords	Kazakhstan; Aksu Jabagly nature reserve; mammals; endangered species; snow leopard.; 7380; Russian
	Abstract	Mammals inhabiting the Aksu Jabagly nature reserve make up 79.6 percent of the whole mammal fauna of the West Tien Shan. The following endangered species live in the area: argali, brown bear, dhole, Turkistan lynx, snow leopard, stone marten, porcupine, and free-toiled bat. Snow leopard deserves a special attention.
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	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Biological diversity of the West Tien Shan (the Kazakhstan part). Proceedings of the Aksu Jabagly state nature reserve.		Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 716		Serial	583
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	Author	Kreuzberg-Mukhina E.A.
	Title	The Endangered species and Snow Leopard Conservation problems. Schoolbook		Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	2001	Publication	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue	Pages	27
	Keywords	Uzbekistan; biology; distribution; number; conservation problems; snow leopard.; 7460; Russian
	Abstract	The manual contains the information on snow leopard species listed in Red Data book of Uzbekistan. The data on its biology, distribution and number in republic and within the world is given. Snow leopard conservation problems are considered.
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	Notes	Full text available in Russian		Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 724		Serial	591
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	Author	Koshkarev E.
	Title	What has happened to the snow leopard after the break-up of Soviet Union?		Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	2000	Publication	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	4 (19)	Issue	Pages	72
	Keywords	Central Asia; status; poaching; conservation measures; snow leopard.; 7280; Russian
	Abstract	It describes status of snow leopard in republics of the former Soviet Union, main reasons for poaching and negative and positive experience on species conservation. The total number of snow leopard in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan in the 1980's was at least 1200-1400. In Kazakhstan the snow leopard population totaled 180-200, in Uzbekistan around 100, and in Russia 150-200. The number and natural habitat of the species were in universal decline. Losses in Kyrgyzstan from poaching alone were no less than 30 animals per year in 1960-1980's. During this period the population in this area decreased by half, and the natural habitat by one third. With the break-up of the Soviet Union, poaching of the snow leopard and its pray grew by at least a factor of 3-4. It was estimated that 500-600 animals reduced the Kyrgyz snow leopard population in the 1990's. The population that remains today can barely be more than 150-200 individual snow leopards. The population has been physically decimated. Number of snow leopard in existence today in the former Soviet Union does not exceed 700-900 individual animals.
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	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Nature conservation Journal.		Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 706		Serial	556
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	Author	Koshkarev E.
	Title	Critical Ranges as Centres of Biodiversity		Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1998	Publication	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	N 14	Issue	Pages	37-38
	Keywords	Central Asia; biodiversity; rare species; species survival; snow leopard.; 7270; Russian
	Abstract	A high percentage of rare species in Central Asia experience limited conditions for distribution. Geographic centers with higher species diversity are generally constrained in terms of territory: they are formed when ranges overlap. But in Central Asia and along its borders with Russia, centers of biodiversity overlap at the very marginal edges of ranges. Central Asian species cross into Russian territory, where desert and steppe are replaced by thick forest. Here the northern borders of their ranges are sharply fragmented and isolated. Typical examples for Central Asia are the ranges of the cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus), Asian leopard (Panthera pardus caucasica), striped hyena (Hyaena hyaena), Bukhara deer (Census elaphus bactrianus), markhor (Capra falconeri), blue sheep (Pseudois nayauf) and argali (Ovis ammon). In Russia are the Altai subspecies of argali, the Siberian argali (O.a.ammon), the mountain goat (Capra sibirica), Mongolian gazelle (Procapra gutturosa), snow leopard (Uncia uncia), Pallas' cat (Felis manul), dhole (Cuon alpinus), grey marmot (Marmota baibacina), Mongolian marmot (M. sibirica) and tolai hare (Lepus tolai). Where the numbers o f individuals has fallen to extreme lows, the most effective mechanism for species survival may be supporting the integrity of ranges, in order to preserve population exchanges between neighboring groups. The geographic location of reserves and other protected territories is vitally important for the survival of Central Asian species, given the acute fragmentation of their ranges. These reserves should include significant, viable centers of population the key places. Wherever the creation of permanent protected territories is impossible, a new tactic must be found, such as introducing temporary limitations on the use of land for agriculture and hunting. But all protected territories, whether temporary or permanent, should be connected, forming a core and periphery. The marginal range areas must not be forgotten, if total protection of endangered populations is to be accomplished.
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	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Russian Conservation News.		Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 705		Serial	555
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	Author	Krever V.
	Title	Ecosystems of the High Mountains Species of Special Interest in Uzbekistan		Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1998	Publication	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue	Pages	55-59
	Keywords	Central Asia; mountain ecosystem; fauna; vertebrates; endangered species; threats; protected areas network; snow leopard.; 7470; Russian
	Abstract	It gives description complexes of mountain ecosystems fauna of Central Asia, endangered vertebrates, main threats to biodiversity and existing protected areas network. Among the rare animal species of the alpine and subalpine meadows first of all should be listed the West Tien Shan endemic, the Menzbier's marmot (Marmota menzbien); the markhor wild goat which still inhabits the Vakhsh range in Tadjikistan; the dhole (Cyon alpinus) which is practically extinct; the Tien Shan bear (Ursus arctos isabellinus), and the snow leopard (Uncia uncia); among birds, the wlute-chested dove (Columba leuconota), sandgrouse (Syrrhaptes tibetanus, snowcocks (Tetraogallus tibetanus, T.altaicus) and bearded vulture (Gypaetus barbatus).
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	Publisher		Place of Publication	Editor
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	Series Editor		Series Title	Abbreviated Series Title
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	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Biodiversity Conservation in Central Asia. An Analysis of Biodiversity and Current Threats and Initial Investment Portfolio.		Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 725		Serial	596
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