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| Author | Pandey, M. | ||||
| Title | Status, habitat utilization, threats and conservation of musk deer (Moschus chrysogaster HODGSON 1839) in Lantang National Park, Central Nepal | Type | Manuscript | ||
Year  |
2006 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 1-89 | ||
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| Abstract | “Status, habitat utilization, threats and Conservation of musk deer (Moschus chrysogaster Hodgson 1839) in Langtang National Park, Central Nepal” was carried out in Musk Deer Conservation Area of LNP. The study was conducted spending more than 516 hours (16th February 2005 to 4th October 2005). The study applied the indirect method identifying 5 different blocks in the habitat for the status and habitat utilization of musk deer in LNP. It mainly deals with types of fecal deposits, distribution of those deposits in different topography and forests. The study also deals with other related evidences found in the study area. Questionnaire survey provides the additional information regarding its threats and conservation. Forty-five different fecal deposits were found and 3 musk deer were sighted. Block B was found to be the appropriate habitat for musk deer. 68.8 percent of fecal deposits were recorded in Block B. Different types of fecal deposits found in Block B were very fresh and fresh (22.5%), old (38.7%) and very old (16.3%). Thirty-three species of plants were recorded from the quadrates plotted in the study area. Among them Betula utilis was found the most dominant species . High percentage of fresh droppings were also recorded in Betula forest and maximum old deposits were recorded in mixed forest. Animal trail was found preferred by musk deer. Forty percent of observed droppings were found on animal trail. Similarly, 8.88 percent of Relic sites were found in animal trail. High number of bedding sites were recorded in Betula and mixed forest. Questionnaire survey revealed that musk deer in Langtang National Park is in declining state. Seventy percent of the respondents agree about the poaching activity of musk deer in their area. Apart from this, tourists, local people and livestock are the major threats to musk deer in Langtang. High degree of habitat deterioration, livestock grazing, illegal hunting and predator such as Snow Leopard are the major threats in that area. Therefore, these issues have to be addressed for a long term survival of the endangered musk deer species in Langtang National Park. |
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| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | Master's thesis | |||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Kathmandu, Nepal | Editor | ||
| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Central Department of Zoology-Ecology Program, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ | Serial | 1322 | ||
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| Author | Tiwari, D. | ||||
| Title | Status, habitat utilization and conservation of Himalayan Tahr Hemitragus jemlahicus (H. SMITH, 1826) in Lantang National Park, Central Nepal | Type | Manuscript | ||
| Year |
2006 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 1-77 | ||
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| Abstract | This study was carried out in the Langtang National park which is situated in the Northern Part of Central Nepal. The research work on "Status, Habitat utilization and conservation of Himalayan Tahr in Langtang National Park was conducted during February to October of 2005. Altogether 468.55 hours and of 80 days with aimed to estimate the population status and Habitat utilization of Himalayan Tahr and to recommend for appropriate management. The study was carried out from Ghodatabela to Langsisa Kharka. The study area was divided into 5 survey blocks occupying a total of 25 sq. km. The fixed point count from ridge line vantage points were conducted for the Hamalayan Tahr count. Observed herds and individual were repeatedly counted and recorded. Local herders and key residents were interviewed. A total of 218 individuals of different age and sex Himalayan Tahr were recorded during the study in 8 different herds. Three types of herds were recognized: Adult male – adult female – young (37.5%), Adult female – young (37.5%)and adult male (25%). Survey revealed that 50 percent of Tahr herds were observed in 4200m – 4900m and least (12%) were in 3700-4000m. Animals were not located in 3850m – 4200m. Stratified random sampling was done to analyze the vegetation in their habitat and identified 47 potential plant species. The encroachment of their habitat is severe by the excessive livestock grazing and utilization for cowshed. Noticeable disturbance felt due to frequent poaching and tourist flow. The conservation of this species seems to be vital as it is prime prey species of snow Leopard in Langtang National Park. |
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| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | Master's thesis | |||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Kathmandu, Nepal | Editor | ||
| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
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| Notes | Central Department of Zoology, Ecology Program, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ | Serial | 1323 | ||
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| Author | Williams, P. A. | ||||
| Title | A GIS ASSESSMENT OF SNOW LEOPARD POTENTIAL RANGE AND PROTECTED AREAS THROUGHOUT INNER ASIA; AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN INTERNET MAPPING SERVICE FOR SNOW LEOPARD PROTECTION | Type | Manuscript | ||
| Year |
2006 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 101 | ||
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| Abstract | Snow leopard distribution knowledge is a critical conservation need. During the 2003 Snow Leopard Symposium, a pressing demand for a comprehensive collection of observation data became apparent. Expanding the knowledge of population distribution will help identify areas for conservation and add validity to the potential range map developed by Hunter and Jackson (1997). An equally strong need is an analysis of the extent of protected-area coverage of snow leopard habitat. Another crucial requirement is accurate representation and immediate availability of data to researchers throughout the range. This project was developed in cooperation with the International Snow Leopard Trust, the Snow Leopard Conservancy, and International Center of Applied Ecology. It is also supported by the Snow Leopard Network, an affiliation of individuals working together to establish effective conservation of the snow leopard throughout Inner Asia. The specific goals of this project are to collect and graphically depict existent knowledge of snow leopard distribution and identify areas lacking data; evaluate the potential range map; assess protected areas to see if snow leopards occur indiscriminately; and produce an internet geographical database and interactive mapping service for research. This thesis validates the potential range map created by Jackson and Hunter (1997). The majority of sightings (88%) fall within the modeled potential range. This suggests that the map is accurate in representing habitat that supports snow leopards. The thesis also highlights varying degrees of support for protected areas. Most of the potential range lies outside of protected areas. Consequently, most countries contain less than 47 percent of their sightings within protected area boundaries. This thesis organized and analyzed existing snow leopard data in a geodatabase to evaluate the potential range map and effectiveness of protected areas throughout the range. The geodatabase and internet mapping service provides a standardized method of data exchange and communication among researchers. This is a small step forward in the conservation of the snow leopard, but creates a necessary foundation for future collaborative data exchange projects to follow. The technologies and methodologies used here should be expanded to meet the individual needs of projects. |
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| Corporate Author | Thesis | Master's thesis | |||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Notes | University of Montana | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ | Serial | 1345 | ||
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| Author | Ming, M., Xu, F. | ||||
| Title | Successful Camera Trapping on Snow Leopard in Muzat Valley, Tomur Feng Nature Reserve, Xinjiang, P. R. China | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year |
2006 | Publication | Arid Land Geography | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 307-308 | ||
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| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | China | Editor | ||
| Language | Chinese | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Notes | Ming Ma, Feng Xu | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ | Serial | 1367 | ||
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| Author | Jiang, Z. | ||||
| Title | Rescue Snow Spirit---Snow Leopard | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year |
2006 | Publication | Zoological Research | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 242 | ||
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| Publisher | Place of Publication | China | Editor | ||
| Language | Chinese | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ | Serial | 1368 | ||
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| Author | Jiang, Z., Xu, A. | ||||
| Title | Snow Leopard | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year |
2006 | Publication | Chiese Journal of Zoology | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 128 | ||
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| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | China | Editor | ||
| Language | Chinese | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Notes | Zhigang Jiang, Aichun Xu | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ | Serial | 1369 | ||
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| Author | Namgail, T. | ||||
| Title | Vigilance behaviour of the Tibetan argali Ovis ammon hodgsoni in the Indian Trans-Himalaya | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year |
2007 | Publication | Acta Zoologica Sinica | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 53 | Issue | Pages | 195-200 | |
| Keywords | Tibertan argali, Ovis ammon, vigilance, dilution effect, Ladakh, Trans-Himalaya | ||||
| Abstract | An inverse relationship between individual vigilance level and group size is widely reported in many behavioral studies on animals across several taxa. It is generally held that such a relationship is due to a reduced probability of an individual being killed in larger groups. in the present investigation, I studied the vigilance behavior of the endangered Tibetan argali Ovis ammon hodgsoni in relation to group size and escape terrain. I hypothesized that an individual argali has a higher vigilance level in smaller groups and in habitats closer to cliffs than individuals living in larger groups and open areas (escape terrain). The results show that the vigilance of argali decreased with increasing group size, but there was no effect of escape terrain on its vigilance behavior. There were significant differences between age-sex groups: male, female and yearling in their time budgets. Females, compared to males and yearlings, spent more time being vigilant. They also foraged more and moved less than males. It is suggested that vigilance is an important anti-predator behavior amongst argali sheep. | ||||
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| Notes | Abstract also available in Chinese | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ | Serial | 1310 | ||
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| Author | Khatiwada, J.R. & Chalise, M.K. | ||||
| Title | Important fauna of Himalaya around Wetland | Type | Book Chapter | ||
| Year |
2007 | Publication | Himalayan Wetlands: Risk, Challenges and Opportunities | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 52-58 | ||
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| Abstract | Wetlands are classified according to landscape where they are found. For example they are high altitude wetlands, mountain wetlands. When said high altitude wetlands, they are lakes, ponds, rivers, glaciers, glacial lakes, meadows, etc. in high altitude areas. Bhandari (2005) has defined “High Altitude Wetlands are those types of wetlands which are found above the elevation of 3,000 masl”. They are generally above the tree line. |
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| Corporate Author | Changwon, Ramsar Wetlands Center | Thesis | |||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | South Korea | Editor | Bhandari B.B. & Gea J.J. | |
| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Notes | p. 52-58. Bhandari B.B. & Gea J.J. (Eds.). Himalayan Wetlands: Risk, Challenges and Opportunities. Changwon, Ramsar Wetlands Center, South Korea. | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ | Serial | 1321 | ||
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| Author | Ale, S.; Brown, J. | ||||
| Title | The contingencies of group size and vigilance | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year |
2007 | Publication | Evolutionary Ecology Research, | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 9 | Issue | Pages | 1263-1276 | |
| Keywords | attraction effect,contingency,dilution effect,fitness,group-size effect,many-eyes effect,predation risk,vigilance behaviour; predation; decline; potential; predators; predator; feeding; Animals; Animal; use; food; effects; Relationship; behaviour; methods; game; Interactions; interaction; factor; value; Energy | ||||
| Abstract | Background: Predation risk declines non-linearly with one's own vigilance and the vigilance of others in the group (the 'many-eyes' effect). Furthermore, as group size increases, the individual's risk of predation may decline through dilution with more potential victims, but may increase if larger groups attract more predators. These are known, respectively, as the dilution effect and the attraction effect. Assumptions: Feeding animals use vigilance to trade-off food and safety. Net feeding rate declines linearly with vigilance. Question: How do the many-eyes, dilution, and attraction effects interact to influence the relationship between group size and vigilance behaviour? Mathematical methods: We use game theory and the fitness-generating function to determine the ESS level of vigilance of an individual within a group. Predictions: Vigilance decreases with group size as a consequence of the many-eyes and dilution effects but increases with group size as a consequence of the attraction effect, when they act independent of each other. Their synergetic effects on vigilance depend upon the relative strengths of each and their interactions. Regardless, the influence of other factors on vigilance – such as encounter rate with predators, predator lethality, marginal value of energy, and value of vigilance – decline with group size. |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 886 | Serial | 53 | ||
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| Author | Ale, S.B.; Yonzon, P.; Thapa, K. | ||||
| Title | Recovery of snow leopard Uncia uncia in Sagarmatha (Mount Everest) National Park, Nepal | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year |
2007 | Publication | Oryx | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 41 | Issue | Pages | 89-92 | |
| Keywords | Nepal; recovery; Sagarmatha Mount Everest National Park; snow leopard; Uncia uncia; surveys; survey; snow; snow-leopard; leopard; uncia; Uncia-uncia; valley; Sagarmatha; national; national park; National-park; park; using; information; management; system; research; transects; transect; sign; areas; area; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards; 40; Himalayan; tahr; musk; musk-deer; deer; location; recent; species; grazing; land; Forest; habitat; domestic; wild; ungulates; ungulate; livestock; tourism; development; traditional; land use; land-use; use; wildlife | ||||
| Abstract | From September to November 2004 we conducted surveys of snow leopard Uncia uncia signs in three major valleys in Sagarmatha (Mount Everest) National Park in Nepal using the Snow Leopard Information Management System, a standardized survey technique for snow leopard research. We walked 24 transects covering c. 14 km and located 33 sites with 56 snow leopard signs, and 17 signs incidentally in other areas. Snow leopards appear to have re-inhabited the Park, following their disappearance c. 40 years ago, apparently following the recovery of Himalayan tahr Hemitragus jemlahicus and musk deer Moschus chrysogaster populations. Taken together the locations of all 73 recent snow leopard signs indicate that the species is using predominantly grazing land and shrubland/ open forest at elevations of 3,000-5,000 m, habitat types that are also used by domestic and wild ungulates. Sagarmatha is the homeland of c. 3,500 Buddhist Sherpas with .3,000 livestock. Along with tourism and associated developments in Sagarmatha, traditional land use practices could be used to ensure coexistence of livestock and wildlife, including the recovering snow leopards, and ensure the wellbeing of the Sherpas. | ||||
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| Notes | http://www.snowleopardnetwork.org/bibliography/Ale_2007.pdf | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 884 | Serial | 58 | ||
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