|
Records |
Links |
|
Author |
Ale, S.; Brown, J. |
|
|
Title |
The contingencies of group size and vigilance |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
|
Year ![sorted by Year field, descending order (down)](img/sort_desc.gif) |
2007 |
Publication |
Evolutionary Ecology Research, |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
|
|
Volume |
9 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
1263-1276 |
|
|
Keywords |
attraction effect,contingency,dilution effect,fitness,group-size effect,many-eyes effect,predation risk,vigilance behaviour; predation; decline; potential; predators; predator; feeding; Animals; Animal; use; food; effects; Relationship; behaviour; methods; game; Interactions; interaction; factor; value; Energy |
|
|
Abstract |
Background: Predation risk declines non-linearly with one's own vigilance and the vigilance of others in the group (the 'many-eyes' effect). Furthermore, as group size increases, the individual's risk of predation may decline through dilution with more potential victims, but may increase if larger groups attract more predators. These are known, respectively, as the dilution effect and the attraction effect.
Assumptions: Feeding animals use vigilance to trade-off food and safety. Net feeding rate declines linearly with vigilance.
Question: How do the many-eyes, dilution, and attraction effects interact to influence the relationship between group size and vigilance behaviour?
Mathematical methods: We use game theory and the fitness-generating function to determine the ESS level of vigilance of an individual within a group.
Predictions: Vigilance decreases with group size as a consequence of the many-eyes and dilution effects but increases with group size as a consequence of the attraction effect, when they act independent of each other. Their synergetic effects on vigilance depend upon the relative strengths of each and their interactions. Regardless, the influence of other factors on vigilance – such as encounter rate with predators, predator lethality, marginal value of energy, and value of vigilance – decline with group size. |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 886 |
Serial |
53 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Ale, S.B., Boesi, R. |
|
|
Title |
Snow Leopard Sightings on the Top of the World |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year ![sorted by Year field, descending order (down)](img/sort_desc.gif) |
2005 |
Publication |
Cat News |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
|
|
Volume |
|
Issue |
43 |
Pages |
19-20 |
|
|
Keywords |
Mt.Everest, Sagarmatha National Park, sightings, snow leopard, Uncia uncia |
|
|
Abstract |
Sightings of snow leopards Uncia uncia in the wild are rare. This is because snow leopards occur in low numbers and are very elusive (Schaller 1977). Snow leopards may be sparsely distributed,but they may not, however, be very elusive in the world's highest park, Sagarmatha (Mt. Everest) National Park (86° 30' 53“ E to 86° 99' 08” E and 27° 46' 19“ N to 27° 06' 45” N) in Nepal. |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ |
Serial |
1111 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Ale, S.B.; Karky, B.S. |
|
|
Title |
Observations on Conservation of Snow Leopards in Nepal |
Type |
Conference Article |
|
Year ![sorted by Year field, descending order (down)](img/sort_desc.gif) |
2002 |
Publication |
|
Abbreviated Journal |
|
|
|
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
|
|
|
Keywords |
4880; bio; conservation; diversity; enclave; leopard; management; Nepal; poverty; protected; protection; religion; uncia |
|
|
Abstract |
The wild populations of snow leopards are threatened in Nepal. For their effective conservation, this paper seeks to build a strategy based not only on protected enclaves but also on landscapes, using an integrated grass-roots approach that essentially reduces poverty and addresses the needs of human beings and that of wildlife. Also equally relevant in places with a strong hold by religious and cultural authorities in the decision-making processes is the recognition and possible integration of cultural and traditional belief systems in overall snow leopard conservation schemes. |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
Islt |
Place of Publication |
Islt |
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
Title, Monographic: Proceedings of the Snow Leopard Survival SummitPlace of Meeting: Seattle,WA |
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 474 |
Serial |
57 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Ale, S.B. |
|
|
Title |
Religion and Snow Leopards in Nepal |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
|
Year ![sorted by Year field, descending order (down)](img/sort_desc.gif) |
1998 |
Publication |
Snow Line |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
|
|
Volume |
xvi |
Issue |
|
Pages |
10-10 |
|
|
Keywords |
Nepal; religion; tourism; Culture; folklore; buddhism; 4850 |
|
|
Abstract |
|
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
Islt |
Place of Publication |
Seattle |
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
Journal Title: Snow Line |
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 472 |
Serial |
56 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Ale, S.B. |
|
|
Title |
The Annapurna Conservation Area Project: A Case Study of an Integrated Conservation and Development Project in Nepal |
Type |
Conference Article |
|
Year ![sorted by Year field, descending order (down)](img/sort_desc.gif) |
1997 |
Publication |
|
Abbreviated Journal |
|
|
|
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
155-169 |
|
|
Keywords |
conservation; annapurna; park; parks; reserve; reserves; refuge; management; habitat; livestock; herders; herder; Acap; education; community-development; tourism; women; protected-area; browse; community; development; protected; area; 2960 |
|
|
Abstract |
|
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
Islt |
Place of Publication |
Lahore, Pakistan |
Editor |
Jackson, R.; Ahmad, A. |
|
|
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
Full text at URLTitle, Monographic: Eighth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Islamabad, PakistanDate of Copyright: 1997 |
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 394 |
Serial |
55 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Jackson, R.M.; Ahlborn, G.; Gurung, M.; Ale, S. |
|
|
Title |
Reducing livestock depredation losses in the Nepalese Himalaya |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year ![sorted by Year field, descending order (down)](img/sort_desc.gif) |
1996 |
Publication |
Proc.Vertebr.Pest Conf |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
|
|
Volume |
17 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
241-247 |
|
|
Keywords |
damage; damage-by-wildlife; endangered; threatened species; livestock; mammals; management; predator-control; public-relations; wildlife; livestock-relationships; Nepal; asia; herders; conservation; Manang; Khangshar; depredation; conflict; predator; prey; browse; public; threatened; species; control; Relations; 700 |
|
|
Abstract |
The authors investigated livestock depredation patterns of snow leopards on the northern slopes of the Himalayans near the villages of Manang and Khangshar, Nepal. Information is discussed on the relationships among livestock loss, endangered species management, public relations/conservation issues, and cooperative efforts among institutions involved in the decision making process. A plan is devised for alleviating livestock loss and protecting endangered species in the area. pcp |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
Full Text at URL: ADDRESS: Mountain Inst., Main & Dogwood St., Franklin, WV 26807//“Proceedings Seventeenth Vertebrate Pest Conference-March 5-7, 1996, Rohnert Park, California”; Timm, Robert M.; Crabb, A. Charles, editorsDocument Type: English |
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 271 |
Serial |
480 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Ale, S.B. |
|
|
Title |
Snow Leopard in Remote Districts of Nepal |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
|
Year ![sorted by Year field, descending order (down)](img/sort_desc.gif) |
1994 |
Publication |
|
Abbreviated Journal |
|
|
|
Volume |
xii |
Issue |
|
Pages |
|
|
|
Keywords |
Nepal; Manang; livestock; livestock-depredation; baiting; predation; villagers; herders; annapurna; retribution; conservation; management; training; tourism; browse; 4600 |
|
|
Abstract |
|
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
Islt |
Place of Publication |
Seattle |
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
Full Text at URLJournal Title: Snow Line |
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 447 |
Serial |
54 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Ale, S. |
|
|
Title |
Conservation of the snow leopard in Nepal |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
|
Year ![sorted by Year field, descending order (down)](img/sort_desc.gif) |
|
Publication |
|
Abbreviated Journal |
|
|
|
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
|
|
|
Keywords |
Nepal; radio-collars; tracking; Annapurna-Conservation-Area; protected-areas; parks; reserves; refuge; conservation; livestock; religion; folklore; blue-sheep; blue; sheep; browse; radio collars; radio; collar; collars; annapurna conservation area; annapurna; area; protected; areas; 4080 |
|
|
Abstract |
|
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
Full text available at URL |
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 2 |
Serial |
51 |
|
Permanent link to this record |