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Author |
Snow Leopard Conservancy |
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Title |
Snow Leopard Scouts from Mt. Everest |
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Book Whole |
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Year |
2011 |
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1-40 |
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Snow Leopard Scouts from Mt. Everest -- a sketch booklet – targeted to school students, their parents and other stakeholders to generate their interest on conservation. Because it is their effort, participating students are expected to share the booklet that vividly illustrates their own contributions -- with their parents, teachers, fellow villagers, and cohorts in the other schools. Note that all participants, snow leopard scouts, took part in outdoor activities – they were exposed to snow leopard habitat, encouraged to observe Himalayan tahr and other wildlife, and were engaged in nature debates, essay writings, a quiz contest, and wildlife drawings – all formed the basis for preparing this simple (trial) booklet – all materials for the booklet came from participating students. |
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Corporate Author |
Snow Leopard Conservancy |
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Snow Leopard Conservancy |
Place of Publication |
Callifornia, US |
Editor |
Anil Adhikari & Basu Kshitiz |
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Language |
English & Nepalese |
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Notes |
Concept, feedback and suggestions by: Som B. Ale, Rodney Jackson & Darla Hillard |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ |
Serial |
1302 |
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Author |
Anwar, M., Jackson, R., Nadeem, M., Janecka, J., Hussain, S., Beg, M., Muhammad, G., and Qayyum, M. |
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Title |
Food habits of the snow leopard Panthera uncia (Schreber, 1775) in Baltistan, Northern Pakistan |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
European Journal of Wildlife Research |
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3 March |
Pages |
1-7 |
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Keywords |
Himalayas, Karakoram, Scat, Diet, Hair, Livestock, Biomass |
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Abstract |
The snow leopard (Panthera uncia) inhabits the high, remote mountains of Pakistan from where very little information is available on prey use of this species. Our study describes the food habits of the snow leopard in the Himalayas and Karakoram mountain ranges in Baltistan, Pakistan. Ninety-five putrid snow leopard scats were collected from four sites in Baltistan. Of these, 49 scats were genetically confirmed to have originated from snow leopards. The consumed prey was identified on the basis of morphological characteristics of hairs recovered from the scats. It was found that most of the biomass consumed (70%) was due to domestic livestock viz. sheep (23%), goat (16%), cattle (10%), yak (7%), and cattle–yak hybrids (14%). Only 30% of the biomass was due to wild species, namely Siberian ibex (21%), markhor (7%), and birds (2%). Heavy predation on domestic livestock appeared to be the likely cause of conflict with the local inhabitants. Conservation initiatives should focus on mitigating this conflict by minimizing livestock losses. |
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Springer Berlin / Heidelberg |
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English |
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1612-4642 |
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SLN @ rana @ |
Serial |
1304 |
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Author |
Shrestha, B., Kindlmann, P. |
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Title |
Interactions between the Himalayan tahr, livestock and snow leopards in the Sagarmatha National Park |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Himalayan Biodiversity in the Changing World |
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Springer, dordrecht |
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SLN @ rana @ |
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1305 |
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Author |
Singh, N.J. |
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Title |
Animal – Habitat relationships in high altitude rangelands |
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Manuscript |
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Year |
2008 |
Publication |
PhD Thesis |
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Pages |
150 |
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Keywords |
high altitude, homogeneous, argali, habitat selection, resource selection function, ENFA, stratified random sampling, sexual segregation, SSAS, livestock, predation, resources |
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Abstract |
This study conducted in the high altitude rangelands of Indian Transhimalaya, deals with basic questions regarding the ecology of an endangered species, the wildsheep Tibetan argali (Ovis ammon hodgsoni) and applied issues related to its conservation and potential conflict with the local nomadic pastoralists. The basic questions on ecology are aimed at delineating the habitat and resource selection processes, identifying factors causing sexual segregation and efficient surveying and sampling. The applied aspect focuses on the changing face of pastoralism and the potential impacts of modernising livestock husbandry on argali.
Overall, the study provides a general framework towards the understanding of argali-habitat relationships at different spatio-temporal scales. The spatial determinant associated with altitude in the area, predicts argali habitat and resource selection in this relatively homogenous landscape. These determine the range of other topographic variables and forage characteristics selected by argali. The selection of feeding patches in the selected range of altitude and topography is mainly characterised by their greenness and the quality of plant groups. Adjusting to changing forage quality, argali display an opportunistic feeding strategy, selecting grasses in early spring and switching to forbs later in summer. Nevertheless, the habitat selection process did not appear to differ among the sexes to drive sexual segregation. There was, however, strong segregation among the sexes as well as between lactating and non lactating females. The reasons for segregation appeared to be predominantly social, but driven ultimately by predation and concomitantly by resources. The habitat selection information was used to design a stratified random sampling strategy that led to i) a significant reduction in survey effort in sampling these sparsely distributed species and ii) reduction in sampling bias.
The applied aspect of the study outlines and evaluates the dramatic changes in the nomadic pastoralism that have occurred in the past five decades in the study area. These have led to a loss of pastures (-25 to -33%) of the nomads, consequent readjustment in traditional patterns of pasture use, intensified grazing pressures (25 to 70%) and rangeland degradation in the area. Such changes may have serious consequences on the survival of local wildlife, as tested with a study of the effects on argali of livestock presence and resource exploitation. Hence, a successful conservation and recovery strategy should focus on: minimising the impacts of livestock on argali, identifying the factors affecting the persistence of the current populations, increasing local sub populations of this species to prevent extinction due to stochastic events, prevent loss of genetic diversity and excessive fragmentation and thus ensuring gene flow.
Ecological Niche Factor Analyses (ENFA), bias-reduced logistic regression and Fuzzy correspondence analyses (FCA) were used to answer habitat and resource selection questions. A sexual segregation and aggregation statistic (SSAS) was used to estimate the components of sexual segregation and test segregation. SSAS combined with canonical correspondence analyses (CCA) allowed the estimation of segregation based on habitat variables. Logistic regression models were formulated to estimate models on which the stratified random sampling strategy was based. The 9 Animal – Habitat relationships in high altitude rangelands overall study also included surveys, interviews and literature reviews to understand the nomads’ movement and pasture use patterns of their livestock. Kernel density estimations (KDE) were used to estimate extent of range overlaps between livestock and argali. |
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University of Tromsø |
Place of Publication |
Norway |
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Language |
English |
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Notes |
PhD Thesis |
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no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ |
Serial |
1306 |
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Author |
Tytar, V., Hammer, M. |
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Title |
Mountain ghosts: snow leopards and other animals in the mountains of the Altai Republic, Central Asia |
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Report |
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Year |
2011 |
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Pages |
60 |
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Abstract |
This study was part of an expedition to the Altai Mountains in the Kosh Agach region of the Altai Republic, run by Biosphere Expeditions from 28 June to 7 August 2010. The aim was to continue a survey of snow leopard (Uncia uncia) in this area, as well as surveying the snow leopard's primary prey species, argali (Ovis ammon) and Siberian ibex (Capra sibirica), together with secondary prey species. Using the Snow Leopard Information Management System (SLIMS) developed by the International Snow Leopard Trust (ISLT), presence/absence surveys (SLIMS form 1) of snow leopard and prey species were conducted throughout the study period across the entire survey area. In 2010 surveys were extended to areas away from the Talduair massif site to valleys and surrounding ridges of the Karaghem mountain pass. Interviews with local, semi-nomadic herders also formed an important part of the research procedure. The expedition also collected data for extended mammal, bird and plant inventories. No signs of snow leopard presence were recorded this year and there was no indication that the areas had been visited and used since the 2009 expedition. The developing relationship between the predator and prey species seems to be very fragile, so perhaps the decline in the prey species (particularly argali) may have driven the snow leopard out of the area. In addition, human disturbance is considered to be a severe and growing threat and may be responsible for the declining mammal diversity in general. Yet the study area still retains its importance as a habitat for snow leopard and as a corridor for snow leopard dispersal. The survey area urgently needs protection, but involving the local community and raising public awareness is vital if conservation initiatives are to succeed. Work on establishing four additional nature parks in the Republic of Tuva and the Sailugem Nature Reserve in the Republic of Altai, which will protect the biggest Russian population of the snow leopard, is in progress. |
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Corporate Author |
Biosphere Expeditions |
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Publisher |
Biosphere Expeditions |
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English |
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Expedition dates: 28 June – 7 August 2010 |
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SLN @ rana @ |
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1308 |
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Author |
WWF Russia & Mongolia |
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Title |
WWF Newsletter Altai-Sayan Ecoregion January – March 2011 |
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Report |
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Year |
2011 |
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Issue |
15 |
Pages |
13 |
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Keywords |
snow leopard, Mongolia, hunting |
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WWF Russia & Mongolia |
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WWF Russia & Mongolia |
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English |
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SLN @ rana @ |
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1309 |
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Author |
Trivedi, P. |
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Title |
Rekindling the children-nature link: nature education camps in the Himalayan high altitudes |
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Magazine Article |
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Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Wildlife – melting like ice? Wildlife Week |
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2008 |
Pages |
30-33 |
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Abstract |
One of the major transformations to have impacted children across the world in the last few decades is an impoverished natural environment in their immediate vicinity leading to reduction or complete disappearance of direct contact and experience of nature irrespective of whether the child lives in urban or rural areas. This combined with the breakdown or degradation of the socio-cultural institutional mechanisms for the transfer of local knowledge about wildlife and our links with our bio-physical world has severely influenced the awareness of nature among today’s children. |
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Corporate Author |
Wildlife Wing, Himachal Pradesh Forest Department |
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Wildlife Wing, Himachal Pradesh Forest Department |
Place of Publication |
India |
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English |
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Wildlife Wing, Himachal Pradesh Forest Department |
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SLN @ rana @ |
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1315 |
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Author |
Devendra, T. & Chalise, M. |
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Title |
Population and habitat of Himalayan thar (Hemitragus jemlahicus) in Langtang Himalaya, Langtang National Park (LNP), Nepal |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Special issue on the occasion of 15th Wildlife Week |
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Issue |
2067 |
Pages |
37-46 |
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Keywords |
Himalayan Thar, census, habitat characters, use |
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A survey of Himalayan Thar was carried out in Langtang valley in response to the lacking of scientific information of its population status and distribution in the area. The study was carried out from Ghodatabela to Langsisa Kharka during April to June of 2003/04/2005. The area was divided into 5 survey blocks measuring 5sqkm each and study was conducted through blocks. Observed herds and individual animals were repeatedly counted and recorded. A total of 218 individuals of different age and sex Himalayan Thar were recorded during the study in 8 different herds. Three types of herds were recognized; Adult male-adult female-young (37.5%), Adult female-young (37.5%) and All adult-male (25%). Survey revealed that 50% of Thar herds were observed in 4200-4900m (Fourth block) and least (12%) were in 3700-4000m (First block), animals were not located in 3850-4200m (Third, Fifth block). Stratified random sampling was done to analyze the vegetation in their habitat and identified 26 potential plant species. The encroachment of their habitat is severe by the excessive livestock grazing and utilization for cowshed. Noticeable disturbance felt due to frequent poaching and tourist flow. The conservation of this species seems vital as it is prime prey species of Snow leopard in LNP. |
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Dept. of National Parks & Wildlife Cons. /Govt. of Nepal |
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English |
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SLN @ rana @ |
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1318 |
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Author |
Chalise, M.K. |
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Title |
Wild Fauna around the Himalayan Wetlands |
Type |
Book Chapter |
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Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Water Tower of Asia: Experiences in Wetland Conservation in Nepal |
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Pages |
104-108 |
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The Himalayan mountain range extends in a broad arc from Pakistan through India, Nepal, Bhutan and China. With elevations ranging from approximately 300 meters in the plains at the base of the mountains to the peaks well over 8,000 meters (Mt Everest 8,848 m). The Himalaya is the tallest and most complex of the world mountain regions (Striffler, 1985). The Himalaya can be divided into three physiographic zones. These includes the lower foothills usually describe as sub-Himalaya and represented by the Siwalik Hills which extend along most of the Himalaya with elevation seldom exceeding 1000 m. The second zone is the middle Himalaya also called Outer Himalaya or the lesser Himalaya with elevation ranges from 600 meters to over 3000 m. Interspersed within the middle zone are occasional larger to small valleys and river basins. The third zone is the great Himalaya or Inner Himalaya zone that covers higher mountain areas, the snow clad peaks and trans-Himalayan harsh climatic dry areas (HMG Nepal, 1977; Kaith, 1960). The glaciers and natural springs have drained the whole area and created a vast area as wetlands supplemented by different lake system in different elevations. |
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Corporate Author |
Changwon, Ramsar Environmental Foundation |
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South Korea |
Editor |
Bhandari B.B., Seungh, O. S. & Sung-Hoon, W. |
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English |
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Bhandari B.B., Seungh, O. S. and Sung-Hoon W (eds) Water Tower of Asia: Experiences in Wetland Conservation in Nepal. Changwon, Ramsar Environmental Foundation, South Korea. |
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1320 |
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Author |
Khatiwada, J.R. & Chalise, M.K. |
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Title |
Important fauna of Himalaya around Wetland |
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2007 |
Publication |
Himalayan Wetlands: Risk, Challenges and Opportunities |
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52-58 |
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Abstract |
Wetlands are classified according to landscape where they are found. For
example they are high altitude wetlands, mountain wetlands. When said high
altitude wetlands, they are lakes, ponds, rivers, glaciers, glacial lakes,
meadows, etc. in high altitude areas. Bhandari (2005) has defined “High
Altitude Wetlands are those types of wetlands which are found above the
elevation of 3,000 masl”. They are generally above the tree line. |
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Corporate Author |
Changwon, Ramsar Wetlands Center |
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South Korea |
Editor |
Bhandari B.B. & Gea J.J. |
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English |
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p. 52-58. Bhandari B.B. & Gea J.J. (Eds.). Himalayan Wetlands: Risk, Challenges and Opportunities. Changwon, Ramsar Wetlands Center, South Korea. |
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SLN @ rana @ |
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1321 |
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