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Author |
Singh, R., Kerven, C. |
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Title |
Pastoralism in South Asia: Contemporary stresses and adaptations of Himalayan pastoralists |
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Journal Article |
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2023 |
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Springer Open – Pastoralism |
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13 |
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21 |
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1-10 |
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Traditional knowledge, Labour, State policies, Local institutions, Access, Climate Change, Uncertainty, Adaptations |
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We discuss the main findings in the Special issue on Pastoralism in South Asia from the eight papers based on research conducted in the Himalayan region of South Asia. An overview is presented of pastoralism in the Himalayan region, including India, Pakistan, Nepal and Bhutan. Drawing parallels with the global stresses to pastoralists, papers in this special issue highlighted three sets of contemporary stresses to the pastoralists of the Himalayan region viz. (a) lack of herding labour, associated changing aspirations of youth and decline in traditional knowledge systems; (b) continued stresses from the state and between the formal and informal institutions; and (c) climatic stresses and associated impacts on the rangeland and livestock health. A synthesis of findings from all eight case studies suggests how the issues around pastoral livelihoods and rangeland management in the Himalayan region are entangled across social, political and ecological dimensions. However, instead of only being impacted by the stresses, the pastoral communities are showing adaptations to various kinds of uncertainties and variabilities. Based on these findings from across eight sites in the Himalayan region, we argue that understanding of the problems as well as proposed solutions from the policymakers should be tailored according to the particular social, political and ecological contexts. Other than the issues given prominence in this special issue, the role of markets and social security are some
of the other important concerns to be addressed in the region, which can be best addressed by creating an interface between pastoralists and policymakers, practitioners and the government, while making the best use of pastoral knowledge and their way of life. |
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SLN @ rakhee @ |
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1726 |
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Koju, N. P., Gosai, K. R., Bashyal, B., Byanju, R., Shrestha, A., Buzzard, P., Beisch, W. B., Khanal, L. |
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Title |
Seasonal Prey Abundance and Food Plasticity of the Vulnerable Snow Leopard (Panthera uncia) in the Lapchi Valley, Nepal Himalayas |
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Journal Article |
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2023 |
Publication |
Animals |
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13 |
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3182 |
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1-16 |
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Keywords |
apex predator; flagship species; micro-histology; niche overlap; prey preference |
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Conservation strategies for apex predators, like the snow leopard (Panthera uncia), depend on a robust understanding of their dietary preferences, prey abundance, and adaptability to changing ecological conditions. To address these critical conservation concerns, this study presents a comprehensive evidence on prey availability and preferences for snow leopards in the Lapchi Valley in the Nepal Himalayas from November 2021 to March 2023. Field data were collected through the installation of twenty-six camera traps at 16 strategically chosen locations, resulting in the recording of 1228 events of 19 mammalian species, including domesticated livestock. Simultaneously, the collection of twenty snow leopard scat samples over 3800 m above sea level allowed for a detailed dietary analysis. Photo capture rate index and biomass composition analysis were carried out and seasonal prey availability and consumption were statistically analyzed. A total of 16 potential prey species for the snow leopard were documented during the study period. Himalayan musk deer (Moschus leucogaster) was the most abundant prey species, but infrequent in the diet suggesting that are not the best bet prey for the snow leopards. Snow leopards were found to exhibit a diverse diet, consuming eleven prey species, with blue sheep (Pseudois nayaur) being their most consumed wild prey and horses as their preferred livestock. The Pianka’s index of dietary niche overlap between the summer and winter seasons were 0.576, suggesting a pronounced seasonal variation in food preference corroborating with the prey availability. The scarcity of larger preys in winter is compensated by small and meso-mammals in the diet, highlighting the snow leopard’s capacity for dietary plasticity in response to the variation in resource availability. This research suggests for the utilization of genetic tools to further explore snow leopard diet composition. Additionally, understanding transboundary movements and conducting population assessments will be imperative for the formulation of effective conservation strategies. |
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SLN @ rakhee @ |
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1733 |
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Esson, C., Samelius, G., Strand, T. M., Lundkvist, A., Michaux, J. R., Rasback, T., Wahab, T., Mijiddorj, T. N., Berger, L., Skerratt, L. F., Low, M. |
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The prevalence of rodent-borne zoonotic pathogens in the South Gobi desert region of Mongolia |
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Journal Article |
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2023 |
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Infection Ecology & Epidemiology |
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13 |
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2270258 |
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1-10 |
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Rodent; zoonoses; leptospira; hantavirus; haematology; Mongolia |
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The alpine ecosystems and communities of central Asia are currently undergoing large-scale ecological and socio-ecological changes likely to affect wildlife-livestock-human disease interactions and zoonosis transmission risk. However, relatively little is known about the prevalence of pathogens in this region. Between 2012 and 2015 we screened 142 rodents in Mongolia’s Gobi desert for exposure to important zoonotic and livestock pathogens. Rodent seroprevalence to Leptospira spp. was>1/3 of tested animals, Toxoplasma gondii and Coxiella burnetii approximately 1/8 animals, and the hantaviruses being between 1/20 (Puumala-like hantavirus) and<1/100 (Seoul-like hantavirus). Gerbils trapped inside local dwellings were one of the species seropositive to Puumala-like hantavirus, suggesting a potential zoonotic transmission pathway. Seventeen genera of zoonotic bacteria were also detected in the faeces and ticks collected from these rodents, with one tick testing positive to Yersinia. Our study helps provide baseline patterns of disease prevalence needed to infer potential transmission between source and target populations in this region, and to help shift the focus of epidemiological research towards understanding disease transmission among species and proactive disease mitigation strategies within a broader One Health framework. |
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SLN @ rakhee @ |
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1734 |
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Ahlborn, G.; Jackson, R. |
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Title |
Marking in Wild Snow Leopards: A preliminary assesment |
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Miscellaneous |
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1987 |
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No. 13 |
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estrus; estrual-cycle; reserach; behavior; scrapes; sprays; Langu-Gorge; Langu; China; browse; 4800 |
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Islt |
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Seattle |
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English |
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Full Text at URLJournal Title: Snow Line |
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SLN @ rana @ 467 |
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36 |
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Jackson, R.; Ahlborn, G. |
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Observation on Movements and Home Range of the Snow Leopard, (Panthera Uncia) In the Langu Gorge, West Nepal |
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Miscellaneous |
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1987 |
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No. 13 |
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tracking; radio-tracking; collars; behavior; home-range; Nepal; browse; 4790 |
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Islt |
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Seattle |
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Full Text at URLJournal Title: Snow Line |
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SLN @ rana @ 466 |
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440 |
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Kuznetzov B.A. |
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Felidae |
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Miscellaneous |
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1948 |
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Vol.13 (XXVIII) |
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88-89 |
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Kazakhstan; distribution; snow leopard.; 7490; Russian |
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The snow leopard widely wide distributed in mountains of Middle and Central Asia. Irbis meets in Altai, Saur, Tarbagatai, Jungarian and Zaili Ala Tau, Kirghiz ridge and Talass within the Kazakhstan. The snow leopard is very rare in Southern Altai, and probably it stay here occasionally. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Mammals of Kazakhstan. |
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SLN @ rana @ 727 |
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602 |
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Rowell, G. |
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Title |
China's Wildlife Lament |
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1983 |
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International Wildlife |
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13 |
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6 |
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4-11 |
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China; Qinghai; bounty; hunting; poaching; browse; 3200 |
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Reports sightings of snow leopard in Qinghai Province. One freshly killed; a 15 yuan bounty exists on snow leopards |
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SLN @ rana @ 75 |
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833 |
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Schaller, G.B. |
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Mountain mammals in Pakistan |
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1976 |
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Oryx |
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13 |
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351-356 |
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Pakistan; Chitral-Gol; status; distribution; hunting; poaching; hunters; parks; park; reserves; reserve; refuge; protected-area; browse; chitral gol; chitral; protected area; protected; area; 2240 |
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Four or five snow leopards were present in 300 sq km of Chitral District in 1974. Six snow leopards were shot in vicinity of Chitral Gol in winter of 1971-1972, and at least one the next year. Estimates fewer then 250 snow leopards in Pakistan. |
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SLN @ rana @ 33 |
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863 |
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Zhou, S. |
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On “uncia uncia” and “meng ji” in Shan Hai Jin |
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1991 |
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13 |
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2 |
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84-87 |
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Animal; area; areas; China; Chinese; description; environment; fur; habitat; habitats; historical; meng ji; mountain; mountains; native; river; uncia; Uncia-uncia; Uncia uncia |
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Meng ji is described in Shan Hui Jin (Classic of Mountains and Rivers) as a leopard-like animal adept in hiding with white fur and a patterned forehead. This article makes a comparison between “meng ji” and “uncia uncia” in terms of their shapes, fur colors, natural environments of habitats, habits, characteristics and native areas, and comes to the conclusion that “meng ji” is what we call “uncia uncia” nowadays. The description of “meng ji” in Shan Hui Jin should be the first record of Uncia uncia in the world. |
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Full text available in ChineseJournal Title: China Historical Materials of Science and Technology |
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SLN @ rana @ 869 |
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1089 |
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Chalise, M.K.; Shakya, P.R. |
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EDITORIAL: Snow Leopard Investigation in Langtang |
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2002 |
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Nahson Bulletin |
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12-13 |
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2002-2003 |
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1-1 |
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snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; Langtang |
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Natural History Society of Nepal |
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Kathmandu |
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SLN @ rana @ 1097 |
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210 |
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