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Author | Namgail, T.; Fox, J.; Bhatnagar, Y.V. | ||||
Title | Habitat segregation between sympatric Tibetan argali Ovis ammon hodgsoni and blue sheep Pseudois nayaur in the Indian Trans-Himalaya | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2004 | Publication | Journal of Zoology | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 262 | Issue | Pages | 57-63 | |
Keywords | argali; Ovis ammon hodgsoni; blue sheep; pseudois nayaur; Habitat selection; resource partitioning; niche relationship; 5200 | ||||
Abstract | Tibetan argali Ovis ammon hodgsoni and blue sheep Pseudois nayaur have almost completely overlapping distributions encompassing most of the Tibetan plateau and its margins. Such a sympatric distribution of related species with similar ecological requirements implies that there is some degree of resource partitioning. This may be accomplished on the basis of habitat and/or diet separation. This study evaluated such ecological separation on the basis of physical habitat partitioning by these two sympatric ungulates in Hemis High Altitude National Park, Ladakh, India, in an area where the argali established a small new population in 1978. Such separation was tested for on the basis of expected difference between the species in their proximity to cliffs, associated with species-specific anti-predator behaviour. Tibetan argali selected habitats away from cliffs while blue sheep selected habitats close to cliffs. Blue sheep also selected steep slopes whereas argali selected gentle slopes. The two species did not differ in their use of habitats in terms of elevation. They did, however, differ in their use of plant communities; blue sheep selected sub-shrub and grass-dominated communities whilst argali selected forb-dominated communities. We suggest that the two species coexist in this site as a result of the differential use of habitat associated with their species-specific anti-predator strategies. |
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Notes | Full text available at URL | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 505 | Serial | 710 | ||
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Author | Salvatori, M., Tenan, S., Oberosler, V., Augugliaro, C., Christe, P., Groff, C., Krofel, M., Zimmermann, F., Rovero, F. | ||||
Title | Co-occurrence of snow leopard, wolf and Siberian ibex under livestock encroachment into protected areas across the Mongolian Altai | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2021 | Publication | Biological Conservatio | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 261 | Issue | 109294 | Pages | 1-14 |
Keywords | Camera-trapping, Panthera uncia, Canis lupus, Capra sibirica, Occupancy, Human-wildlife conflicts, Activity pattern | ||||
Abstract | In countries such as Mongolia, where globalization of the cashmere market has spurred herders to massively increase their livestock numbers, an important conservation concern is the effect of livestock encroachment on wildlife. This is especially important inside protected areas (PAs), which often represent the last refugia for threatened large mammals. We used camera-traps to sample four areas with different protection status across the Mongolian Altai Mountains, and targeted a predator-prey system composed of livestock, one large herbivore, the Siberian ibex, and two large carnivores, the snow leopard and the wolf. To determine the effect of livestock on habitat use by the wild species and their spatio-temporal co-occurrence we applied an occupancy framework explicitly developed for modelling interacting species. We recorded a widespread presence of domestic animals in the PAs, and observed avoidance of sites used by livestock by snow leopard and ibex, while wolves tended to co-occur with it. Snow leopard and ibex showed clear mutual co-occurrence, indicating a tight predator-prey relationship. Results provide evidence that, at the scale of sites sampled primarily to maximise snow leopard detections, grazing livestock interferes with wild species by inducing avoidance in snow leopards, and attraction in wolves. We suggest that (1) PAs management should enforce real grazing limitations on the ground, especially in the core areas of the parks; (2) new policies incorporating wildlife conservation into government subsidies to pastoralists should be envisaged, to prevent increasing displacement of snow leopards and ibex; (3) as wolves co- occurred with livestock, with the potential for human-wildlife conflicts, we encourage the use of a set of prevention techniques to mitigate livestock depredation. | ||||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | SLN @ rakhee @ | Serial | 1659 | ||
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Author | Reading, R.P.; Mix, H.M.; Badamjaviin L.; Feh, L.; Kane, D.; Dulamtseren, S.; Enkhbold S. | ||||
Title | Status and distribution of khulan Equus hemionus in Mongolia | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2001 | Publication | Journal of Zoology | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 254 | Issue | Pages | 381-389 | |
Keywords | gobi; Equus hemionus; Khulan; Mongolia; wild ass; 5240 | ||||
Abstract | The Asiatic wild ass Equus hemionus, or khulan, once ranged across much of Central Asia, but is now globally threatened. The largest free-ranging populations are now restricted to a 250-km wide area (range 100ñ400 km) across the Gobi Desert region of southern Mongolia. Over the last 23 years the population has moved further north and east into its former range. Surveys conducted in the 1970s and 1980s estimated that the Mongolian population contained fewer than 15 000 animals and was declining as a result of human exploitation and livestock competition. Aerial surveys (one in autumn 1994, two in spring 1997) were flown as line transects over portions of the khulan's range in Mongolia and ground surveys (’ve in spring, summer, and autumn 1994ñ97) were conducted by vehicle and foot. Sample sizes and areas surveyed were larger than previous surveys, and our methods were often more systematic. Population size was estimated at 33 000ñ63 000 wild asses in Mongolia. Animal density ranged from 4.2 a 1.3 to 19.1a 3.2 per 100 km2. Mean group size ranged from four to 35 animals in the south-western Gobi, four to seven animals in the southern Gobi, and three to 18 in the south-eastern Gobi. Our data suggest that Mongolia is the most important stronghold for the conservation of E. hemionus. Conservation management continues to be challenging because intensive studies on khulan biology and ecology are just beginning. As a freemarket economy continues to emerge in Mongolia, pressure from resource extraction interests and nomadic livestock herders to remove the khulan's protected status, permit harvesting and halt population growth and expansion, also makes implementation of research and conservation management programs more imperative. | ||||
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Notes | Full text available at URL | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 509 | Serial | 813 | ||
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Author | Rashid, W., Shi, J., Rahim, I. U., Dong, S., Ahmad, L. | ||||
Title | Research trends and management options in human-snow leopard conflict | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2020 | Publication | Biological Conservation | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 242 | Issue | 108413 | Pages | 1-10 |
Keywords | Snow leopards, Systematic review, Compensation, Co-existence, Livestock, Human-wildlife conflict, Mitigation | ||||
Abstract | Conservation of the snow leopard (Panthera uncia) is challenging because of its threatened status and increase in human-snow leopard conflict (HSC). The area of occupancy of the snow leopard comprises mountainous regions of Asia that are confronted with various environmental pressures including climate change. HSCs have increased with a burgeoning human population and economic activities that enhance competition between human and snow leopard or its preys. Here we systematically review the peer-reviewed literature from 1994 to 2018 in Web of Science, Google Scholar, Science Direct and PubMed (30 articles), to evaluate the current state of scholarship about HSCs and their management. We determine: 1) the spatio-temporal distribution of relevant researches; 2) the methodologies to assess HSCs; 3) and evaluate existing interventions for conflict management; and 4) the potential options for HSC management. The aim of the current study is thus to identify key research gaps and future research requirements. Of the articles in this review, 60% evaluated the mitigation of HSCs, while only 37% provided actionable and decisive results. Compensation programs and livestock management strategies had high success rates for mitigating HSCs through direct or community-managed interventions. Further research is required to evaluate the efficacy of existing HSC mitigation strategies, many of which, while recommended, lack proper support. In spite of the progress made in HSC studies, research is needed to examine ecological and sociocultural context of HSCs. We suggest future work focus on rangeland management for HSC mitigation, thus ultimately fostering a co-existence between human and snow leopard. | ||||
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Call Number | SLN @ rakhee @ | Serial | 1716 | ||
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Author | Li, J., Weckworth, B. V., McCarthy, T. M., Liang, X., Liu, Y., Xing, R., Li, D., Zhang, Y., Xue, Y., Jackson, R., Xiao, L., Cheng, C., Li, S., Xu, F., Ma, M., Yang, X., Diao, K., Gao, Y., Song, D., Nowell, K., He, B., Li, Y., McCarthy, K., Paltsyn, M. Y., Sharma, K., Mishra, C., Schaller, G. B., Lu, Z., Beissinger, S. R. | ||||
Title | Defining priorities for global snow leopard conservation landscapes | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2019 | Publication | Biological Conservation | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 241 | Issue | 108387 | Pages | 1-10 |
Keywords | Panthera uncia, Conservation prioritization, Landscape Conservation Unit, Connectivity, Linkage | ||||
Abstract | The snow leopard (Panthera uncia) is an apex predator on the Tibetan Plateau and in the surrounding mountain ranges. It is listed as Vulnerable in the IUCN's Red List. The large home range and low population densities of this species mandate range-wide conservation prioritization. Two efforts for range-wide snow leopard conservation planning have been conducted based on expert opinion, but both were constrained by limited knowledge and the difficulty of evaluating complex processes, such as connectivity across large landscapes. Here, we compile > 6000 snow leopard occurrence records from across its range and corresponding environmental covariates to build a model of global snow leopard habitat suitability. Using spatial prioritization tools, we identi!ed seven large continuous habitat patches as global snow leopard Landscape Conservation Units (LCUs). Each LCU faces differing threat levels from poaching, anthropogenic development, and climate change. We identi!ed ten po- tential inter-LCU linkages, and centrality analysis indicated that Tianshan-Pamir-Hindu Kush-Karakorum, Altai, and the linkage between them play a critical role in maintaining the global snow leopard habitat connectivity. | ||||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | SLN @ rakhee @ | Serial | 1490 | ||
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Author | Oli, M.K.; Taylor, I.R.; Rogers, M.K. | ||||
Title | Diet of the snow leopard (Panthera uncia) in the Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1993 | Publication | Journal of Zoology London | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 231 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 365-370 |
Keywords | predation; scats; prey; Nepal; blue-sheep; marmot; yaks; pika; livestock; diet; blue; sheep; browse; 770 | ||||
Abstract | The diet of the snow leopard (Panthera uncia) was studied from 213 scats collected between April 1990 and February 1991 in the Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal. Seven species of wild and five species of domestic mammals were taken, as well as an unidentified mammal and birds. Blue sheep (Pseudois nayaur) were the most frequently eaten prey. Himalayan marmots (Marmota himalayana) were also important, except in winter when they were hibernating. During winter, snow leopards ate more Royle's pika (Ochotona roylei) and domestic livestock. Yaks were eaten more frequently than other livestock types. | ||||
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Notes | Document Type: English Call Number: QL1 .J879 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 206 | Serial | 744 | ||
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Author | Oli, M.K. | ||||
Title | A key for the identification of the hair of mammals of a snow leopard (Panthera uncia) habitat in Nepal | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1993 | Publication | Journal of Zoology London | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 231 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 71-93 |
Keywords | Nepal; snow leopard; scats; Hair; diet; identification; Panthera-uncia; browse; panthera uncia; panthera; uncia; 780 | ||||
Abstract | Analysis of prey remains in scats, particularly hairs, in widely used to study diet of mammalian predators, but identification of hair is often difficult because hair structures vary considerably both within and between species. Use of photographic reference of diagnostically important hair structures from mammals occurring in a predator's habitat has been found to be convenient for routine identification. A photographic reference key was developed for the identification of hairs of the mammals known to occur in a snow leopard (Panthera uncia) habitat in the Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal. The key included a photographic reference of the diagnostic hair structures of nine species of wild and five species of domestic mammals. The cross-sectional appearance, shape and arrangement of medulla, the ratio of cortex to medulla, and the form and distribution of pigment in medulla and cortex were important diagnostic aids in the identification of hairs. | ||||
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Notes | Document Type: English Call Number: QL1 .J879 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 207 | Serial | 745 | ||
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Author | Chadwick, D.H. | ||||
Title | Out of the Shadows: The elusive Central Asian snow leopard steps into a | Type | Magazine Article | ||
Year | 2008 | Publication | National geographic | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 213 | Issue | 6 | Pages | 106-129 |
Keywords | conservation, research, snow leopard, Uncia uncia | ||||
Abstract | The elusive Central Asian snow leopard steps into a risk-filled future. | ||||
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Corporate Author | National Geographic Society | Thesis | |||
Publisher | National Geographic Society | Place of Publication | Washington, D.C. | Editor | |
Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ | Serial | 1113 | ||
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Author | Karesh, W.B.; Kunz, L.L. | ||||
Title | Bilateral testicular seminoma in a snow leopard | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1986 | Publication | J Am Vet Med Assoc | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 189 | Issue | 9 | Pages | 1201 |
Keywords | Animal; Carnivora; Case Report; Dysgerminoma; pathology; veterinary; Male; Testicular; neoplasms; Testis; browse; 300 | ||||
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ISSN | 0003-1488 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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Notes | Document Type: eng | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 98 | Serial | 514 | ||
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Author | Mainka, S.A. | ||||
Title | Bilateral separation of the olecranon and proximal epiphysis from the ulnar diaphysis in a snow leopard cub | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1986 | Publication | J Am Vet Med Assoc | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 189 | Issue | 9 | Pages | 1204-1205 |
Keywords | Animal; Carnivora; injuries; Case-Report; Epiphyses; Forelimb; Male; Ulna; browse; 290 | ||||
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ISSN | 0003-1488 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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Notes | Document Type: eng | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 97 | Serial | 636 | ||
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