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	Author	Koshkarev, E.P.
	Title	On the environment-related stability of snow leopard (Uncia uncia) populations in connection with their distribution in the natural habitats and changes for spread within the USSR			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1990	Publication	Int.Ped.Book of Snow Leopards	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	6	Issue		Pages	37-50
	Keywords	Tein-Shan; distribution; population; Ussr; former-soviet-republic; Russia; snow-leopard; Uncia-uncia; browse; former soviet republic; former; soviet; republic; uncia; 900
	Abstract	The stability of animal populations in respect of the influence of the environment is well known to be conditioned by their location in the natural habitat and their ability to establish new territories. In the peripheral regions of natural habitat, however-in the zone that is ecologically least favourable-the situation of the animal is most unstable. This is due to increased pressure of environmental factors which favour neither a high frequency of contacts between individuals belonging to sperate populations nor an increase in the number of such contatcs and their stabilization. In our opinion, this describes the situation that has come about in certain regions inhabited by the snow leopard in the Soviet Union.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
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	Notes	Tien Shan High Mountain Physical and Geographical Station, Academy of Science of the Kirghisian Societ Socialist Republic, Village of Pokrovka, Kirghisian SSR, USSR (full text at URL)Document Type: English			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 158			Serial	574
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	Author	Medvedev, D.G.
	Title	The Snow Leopard in the Eastern Sayan Mountains			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1990	Publication	International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	6	Issue		Pages	17-19
	Keywords	Sayan; siberia; Russia; Soviet-Union; Ussr; status; distribution; browse; soviet union; soviet; union; 2870
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	Full text available at URL			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 164			Serial	671
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	Author	Smirnov, M.N.; Sokolov, G.A.; Zyryanov, A.N.
	Title	The Snow Leopard (Uncia Uncia Scherber 1776) in Siberia			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1990	Publication	Int.Nat.Ped.Book of Snow Leopards	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	6	Issue		Pages	9-15
	Keywords	siberia; status; distribution; Russia; Ussr; Soviet-Union; browse; soviet union; soviet; union; Altai; Sayan; population; tracks; tracking; petroglyphs; skins; pelts; prey; 2880
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
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	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	Full text available at URL			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 77			Serial	901
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	Author	Sokov, A.I.
	Title	The present status of the snow leopard population in the south western Pamir-Altai Mountains (Tadzhikistan)			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1990	Publication	Int.Ped.Book of Snow Leopards	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	6	Issue		Pages	33-36
	Keywords	Pamir; Altai; Tadzhikistan; status; distribution; Tajikistan; browse; Ussr; pelts; furs; hunting; trapping; population; 3230
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
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	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	Full text available at URL			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 167			Serial	915
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	Author	Yanfa, L.; Huanwen, L.
	Title	A preliminary study on the rearing and breeding of ounce			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1986	Publication	Acta Theriologica Sinica	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	6	Issue	2	Pages	93-99
	Keywords	captivity; husbandry; zoos; breeding; reproduction; mating; rearing; browse; 3710; Chinese
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	China	Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	Document Type: Chinese			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 96			Serial	1045
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	Author	Zhirjakov, V.A.
	Title	On the ecology of the snow leopard in the Zailisky-Alatau (Northern Tien Shan)			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1990	Publication	Int Ped Book of Snow Leopards	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	6	Issue		Pages	25-30
	Keywords	Tien-Shan; ecology; China; browse; Kazakhstan; Russia; Soviet-Union; distribution; population; prey; behavior; food-habits; scat-analysis; 3240
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	Full text available at URL			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 168			Serial	1078
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	Author	Jackson, R.; Ahlborn, G.
	Title	Snow leopards (Panthera- uncia) in Nepal – home range and movements			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1989	Publication	National Geographic Research	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	5	Issue	2	Pages	161-175
	Keywords	Nepal; asia; home-range; movements; Panthera-uncia; snow-leopard; snow leopard; browse; home; range; home range; panthera; panthera uncia; uncia; 840
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
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	Notes	Addresses:JACKSON R, CALIF INST ENVIRONM STUDIES,SNOW LEOPARD PROJECT,910 K ST,DAVIS,CA 95616 Publisher:NATL GEOGRAPHIC SOC, WASHINGTON Document Type: English			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 128			Serial	441
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	Author	Jackson, R.; Ahlborn, G.
	Title	Snow Leopards in Nepal-home range and movements			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1989	Publication	National Geographic Res.	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	5	Issue		Pages	161-175
	Keywords	home-range; behavior; Nepal; browse; home; range; 3190
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
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	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 140			Serial	443
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	Author	Koshkarev, E.P.
	Title	An Unusual Hunt			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1988	Publication	Int.Ped.Book of Snow Leopards	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	5	Issue		Pages	9-12
	Keywords	Tien-Shan; tracking; feces; ibex; hunting; predator; prey; browse; behavior; 940
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	Full text available at URLTien Shan High Mountain Physical Geography Staion, Kirghizian Academy of Sciences (Pokrovka) USSRDocument Type: English			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 402			Serial	571
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	Author	Liao, Y.F.
	Title	The Geographical Distribution of Ounces in Qinghai Province			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1985	Publication	Acta Theriologica Sinica	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	5	Issue	3	Pages	183-188
	Keywords	China; Qinghai; distribution; browse; 5470; ounce; panthera; panthera uncia; Panthera-uncia; uncia; province; 20; Qilian; number; 40; Male; Female; park; Adult; bharal; Pseudois; breeding; people; birth; young; Chinese
	Abstract	This paper deals with the geographical distribution of ounces (Panthera uncia) in Qinghai Province. Ounces are distributed in 20 counties- Guide, Huzhu, Menyuan, Qilian, Tianjun, Dulan, Golmud, Guinan, Xinghai, Zhidoi, Zadoi, Nangqen, Yushu, Chindu, Qumarleb, Madio, Maqen, Jigzhi, Baima, Darlag. Among them, there fore 4 counties- Qilian, Tianjun, Dulan, Zadoi, in which the number of ounces are bigger. The number of ounces are shown in table 2. There are altogether 73 ounces (40 male, 33 female) which is supported to every park of China for ornamental, they were captured by fellow-villagers, and 44 ounces (23 male, 21 female) of them are below 6 months old, 9 ounces (6 male, 3 female) of them are 1 year old, 2 ounces (male) are 2 years old, and 18 ounces (9 male, 9 female) are adults. Ounces live at an altitude of 3000-4100 metres above the sea, and prefer to eat Bharal (Pseudois noyour). Its breeding period goes from April to June, the number of embryos being 2-3. A female ounce was successfully reproduced for the first time at Xining People's Park of China, in Spetember, 1984, and she gave birth to 3 young ounces.
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	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
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	Notes	Document Type: Chinese			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 531			Serial	617
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	Author	Samant S.S.; Dhar U.; Rawal R.S.
	Title	Biodiversity status of a protected area in West Himalaya: Askot Wildlife Sanctuary			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1998	Publication	International Journal Of Sustainable Development And World Ecology	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	5	Issue	3	Pages	194-203
	Keywords	diversity; native; endemic; agroforestry; threatened; conservation; Kumaun Himalaya; India; browse; Himalaya; 540
	Abstract	Biodiversity of a protected area of West Himalaya (Askot Wildlife Sanctuary) was studied and analysed for landscape, faunal and floral diversity. The forest and pasture land, ideal habitats for the flora and fauna, covered nearly 52% and 12%, respectively, of total reported area. Among the fauna Himalayan musk deer (Moschus chrysogaster), thar (Himitragus jemlahicus), snow leopard (Panthera uncia), koklas (Pucrassia macrolophas), monal (Lophophorus impejanus) and snow cock (Tetragalus tibetanus) are threatened species. Plant diversity is represented by 1262 species of vascular plants (Angiosperm 1112, Gymnosperm 7, Pteridophytes 143 taxa). Diversity of the species within families, genera, habitats, communities and along vertical gradient zone was analysed. Maximum diversity existed in the family Orchidaceae (120 taxa), genera Polystichum (13 taxa), altitude zone (1001-2000 m; 860 taxa), habitat (forest; 623 taxa) and community (Banj oak: 92 taxa). Seventy-one families were found to be monotypic. Species were further analysed for ethnobotanical use (medicine: 70, edible: 55, fodder: 115, fuel: 31, house building: 13 etc.), domesticated diversity (crops: 19, vegetables: 26, fruits: 16),agroforestry or marginal, threatened and endemic diversity. Similarity in species composition within the habitats indicated maximum similarity in areas of shrubberies and alpine meadows/slopes (71.65%) and exposed open/grassy slopes and shady moist places (47.32%). 432 (34.2%) taxa are native to Indian Himalaya of which 24 are endemic and 235 are near endemics. 65.8% of taxa are represented in the neighbouring areas and other regions of the globe. Ten taxa occurring in the Sanctuary have been already recorded in the Red Data Book of Indian Plants. Conservation and management of species is focused.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
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	Notes	Publisher: PARTHENON PUBLISHING GROUP, CARNFORTH LANCASHIRE Document Type: English			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 350			Serial	841
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	Author	Blomqvist, L.
	Title	Conservation Measurements taken for the Captive Snow Leopard, Panthera uncia, Population and a Report of Fluctuations in Stock in 1983			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1984	Publication	Int.Ped Book of Snow Leopards	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	4	Issue		Pages	55-71
	Keywords	captivity; zoo; zoos; status; breeding; reproduction; conservation; browse; 2920
	Abstract	Reports on conservation measures over the past 10 years. Notes current snow leopard exchange programs between zoos in the US and USSR and Europe. Describes status and reproductive success of the captive snow leopard population, list animals currently in captivity.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 79			Serial	160
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	Author	Fox, J.L.; Freeman, H.
	Title	An Internationally cooperative fiels study of the snow leopard in Northern India			Type	Conference Article
	Year	1984	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	4	Issue		Pages	39-42
	Keywords	India; conservation; ecology; training; Ladakh; Jammu; Himachal-Pradesh; Sikkem; Uttar; Arunachal; livestock; hunting; prey; pelts; browse; 4140
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Leif Blomqvist and Helsinki Zoo	Place of Publication	Helsinki, Finland	Editor	L.Blomqvist
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
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	Notes	Full text available atTitle, Monographic: International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards, Panthera UnciaPlace of Meeting: Krefeld Zoo, GFRDate of Copyright: 1984			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 76			Serial	288
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	Author	Jackson, R.; Ahlborn, G.
	Title	A preliminary habitat suitability model for the snow leopard, Panthera uncia, in West Nepal			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1984	Publication	International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	4	Issue		Pages	43-52
	Keywords	Nepal; Himalaya; habitat; browse; modeling; predator; prey; diet; reproduction; interspersion; cover; herders; livestock; habitat-suitability-model; Human; 2650
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	Full text available at URL			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 404			Serial	434
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	Author	Jackson, R.
	Title	Snow Cats of Nepal's Langue Gorge			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1987	Publication	Animal Kingdom	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	4	Issue		Pages	44-53
	Keywords	Nepal; tracking; home-range; habitat; home range; home; range; browse; 3630; snow; Cats; cat; gorge
	Abstract	Anecdotal account with some general research results of a four year tracking study of the snow leopard in Nepal's Langu valley
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
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	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 111			Serial	439
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	Author	Koshkarev, E.P.
	Title	Characteristics of snow leopard (Uncia uncia) movements in the Tien Shan			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1984	Publication	International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	4	Issue		Pages	15-21
	Keywords	Tien-Shan; Russia; Soviet-Union; Ussr; behavior; habitat; tracks; tracking; prey; predator; ibex; kills; browse; tien shan; soviet union; soviet; union; 2750
	Abstract	Reports on a 3 yr winter study of snow leopard movements and activity, based on following tracks in the snow in Tien Shan Mountains of USSR. Travel route preference is examined with regard to snow and terrain characteristics, and prey abundance. Snow leopard kills of ibex and hare are noted
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	Full text available at URL			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 403			Serial	570
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	Author	Loginov, I.; Loginov, O.
	Title	Elusive and Endangered:the snow leopard of Central Asia			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1995	Publication	Russian Conservation News	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	4	Issue	August	Pages	19-21
	Keywords	Russia; Ussr; Soviet-Union; asia; browse; soviet union; soviet; union; 3090
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 285			Serial	624
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	Author	Mallon, D.
	Title	The snow leopard in Ladakh			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1984	Publication	International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	4	Issue		Pages	23-37
	Keywords	Ladakh; India; livestock; herders; tracking; tracks; surveys; sign; distribution; predator; prey; herder; mortality; conservation; status; browse; 2380
	Abstract	Reports on 1 summer survey and four winter surveys covering some 3100 km in Ladakh, India. Reports on snow leopard sign commonly found, distribution, prey, attacks on livestock and peoples reaction, mortality factors and conservation status. Suggest recomendations for preventing unnecessary killing of snow leopards and estimates population of 100 to 200 snow leopards in Ladakh
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
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	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	Full text available at URL			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 78			Serial	642
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	Author	Mallon, D.
	Title	The Snow Leopard, Panthera uncia, in Mongolia			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1984	Publication	Int.Ped.Book of Snow Leopards	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	4	Issue		Pages	3-9
	Keywords	Mongolia; snow-leopard; gobi; distribution; status; asia; herders; snow leopard; browse; 950
	Abstract	In the International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards 3, Blomqvist and Sten notes (1982) that no information had been recieved on the snow leopard in Mongolia. The present paper sets out to repair that omission by summarising the information in print on snow leopards in Mongolia and giving a brief account of its distribution in the country. This is essentially a review paper and it is hoped that more precise data may be obtained from fieldwork carried out in the future by Mongolian zoologist. The author worked in Mongolia for two years 1975-1977, and during that time collected information on mammals of Mongolia. Information on the snow leopard was obtained from colleagues at the State University of Mongolia; from zoologists and hunters; from herdsmen and local informants from all parts of the country and from three journeys made by the author: to the eastern Gobi Altai; the Khangai mountains, and a 2000 km journey through western Altai. In this paper, the term “Mongolia” refers to the territory of the Mongolian peoples Republic
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
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	Notes	Full text available at URLDocument Type: English			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 114			Serial	643
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	Author	McVittie, R.
	Title	Nursing behavior of snow leopard cubs			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1978	Publication	Applied-Animal-Ethology	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	4	Issue	2	Pages	159-168
	Keywords	suckling; behavior; veterinary; zoo; zoos; medical; browse; 1580
	Abstract	Reports that a preliminary project on nursing behavior in 3 young snow leopards revealed 2 phases in suckling pattern: nonnutritive and nutritive. The latter was distinguished by stereotypic rhythmical movements of the ears associated with swallowing. The cubs also demonstrated a teat preference, but the adaptive significance of such preferences and the accompanying agonistic behavior were unclear. (27 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2000 APA, all rights reserved)(unassigned)
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	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
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	Notes	Document Type: English			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 37			Serial	669
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	Author	Braden, K.
	Title	The Geographical Distribution of the Snow Leopard in the USSR: Maps of Areas of Snow Leopard Habitation in the USSR			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1982	Publication	International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	3	Issue		Pages	25-39
	Keywords	Russia; Ussr; U.S.S.R.; Soviet-Union; status; distribution; maps; browse; soviet union; soviet; union; habitat; 2320
	Abstract	Reviews published information from the USSR vs past status of the snow leopard in various parts of its range within that country. Maps provide locations in the USSR of evidence of snow leopard occurence from published records of the species over the last 100 yrs.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 64			Serial	189
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	Author	Johnson, W.E.; Dratch, P.A.; Martenson, J.S.; O'Brien, S.J.
	Title	Resolution of recent radiations within three evolutionary lineages of Felidae using mitochondrial restriction fragment length polymorphism variation			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1996	Publication	Journal of Mammalian Evolution	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	3	Issue	2	Pages	97-120
	Keywords	Evolution; Evolutionary-Lineages; Mitochondrial-Dna; Mitochondrial-Restriction-Fragment-Length-Polymorphism-Variation; phylogeny; Recent-Radiations; Restriction-Enzymes; Tigrina; snow-leopard; browse; evolutionary; lineages; mitochondrial; Dna; restriction; fragment; length; polymorphism; variation; radiation; enzymes; recent; recent radiation; 1340
	Abstract	Patterns of mitochondrial restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) variation were used to resolve more recent relationships among the species of the Felidae ocelot lineage, domestic cat lineage, and pantherine lineage. Twenty-five of 28 restriction enzymes revealed site variation in at least 1 of 21 cat species. The ocelot lineage was resolved into three separate sister taxa groups: Geoffroy's cat (Oncifelis geoffroyi) and kodkod (O. guigna), ocelot (Leopardus pardalis) and margay (L. wiedii), and pampas cat (Lynchailurus colocolo) and most of the tigrina samples (Leopardus tigrina). Within the domestic cat lineage, domestic cat (Felis catus), European wild cat (F. silvestris), and African wild cat (F. libyca) formed a monophyletic trichotomy, which was joined with sand cat (F. margarita) to a common ancestor. Jungle cat (F. chaus) and black-footed cat (F. nigripes) mtDNAs diverged earlier than those of the other domestic cat lineage species and are less closely related. Within the pantherine lineage, phylogenetic analysis identified two distinct groups, uniting lion (P. leo) with leopard (P. pardus) and tiger (P. tigris) with snow leopard (P. uncia).
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
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	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
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	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	Document Type: English Call Number: QL708.5 J68			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 276			Serial	501
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	Author	Andriuskevicius, A.
	Title	Occurrance of Snow Leopards in the Soviet Union			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1980	Publication	International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	2	Issue		Pages	59-69
	Keywords	2290; area; areas; browse; distribution; park; parks; protected; protected-area; protected area; protected areas; refuge; reserve; reserves; Russia; snow-leopard; snow-leopards; snow leopard; snow leopards; soviet; Soviet-Union; soviet union; status; U.S.S.R.; union; Ussr
	Abstract	Outlines status and distribution of snow leopard in USSR, including comments on reserves created for the species.
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	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
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	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 51			Serial	73
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	Author	Freeman, H.
	Title	Behavior in adult pairs of captive snow leopards (Panthera uncia)			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1983	Publication	Zoo Biology	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	2	Issue	1	Pages	1-22
	Keywords	behavior; zoo; zoos; captive; captivity; estrus; breeding; mating; veterinary; browse; 1600
	Abstract	Eight adult pairs of snow leopards (Panthera uncia) were observed for one to three years in the months December through March to determine the species' social and reproductive characteristics in captivity. To statistically examine the occurrence of behaviors as a function of estrus, the observation weeks were divided into three time blocks: before estrus, estrus, and after estrus. Using percentage of scan samples as an estimate of time spent in various behaviors, 16 behaviors and combined behavior categories were examined for (1) behaviors that differentiated successfully from unsuccessfully breeding pairs, (2) sex differences in behavior, (3) significant correlations between pair members, and (4) behaviors that showed time block effects. The rationale for identifying a behavioral profile of successful breeders in snow leopards was to aid zoos in their captive management programs by increasing their knowledge of the social behavior of this species. By finding correlates to breeding success, informed decisions on whether to change partners after a certain period of time, how to group the cats, and the optimum strategy for a survival plan can be made. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2000 APA, all rights reserved
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	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
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	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
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	Notes	Document Type: English			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 60			Serial	319
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	Author	Murray, D.; Kapke, C.; Evermann, J.; Fuller, T.
	Title	Infectious disease and the conservation of free-ranging large carnivores			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1999	Publication	Animal Conservation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	2	Issue		Pages	241-254
	Keywords	infectous disease; free ranging; browse; infectious; Disease; 80
	Abstract	Large carnivores are of vital importance to the stability and integrity of most ecosystems, but recent declines in free-ranging populations have highlighted the potentially devastating effect of infectious diseases on their conservation. We reviewed the literature on infectious diseases of 34 large (maximum body mass of adults >20 kg) terrestrial carnivore species, 18 of which are considered to be threatened in the wild, and examined reports of antibody prevalence (seroprevalence) and cases of infection, mortality and population decline. Of 52 diseases examined, 44% were viral, 31% bacterial and the remainder were protozoal or fungal. Many infections were endemic in carnivores and/or infected multiple taxonomic families, with the majority probably occurring via inhalation or ingestion. Most disease studies consisted of serological surveys for disease antibodies, and antibody detection tended to be widespread implying that exposure to micro-organisms was common. Seroprevalence was higher in tropical than temperate areas, and marginally higher for infections known to occur in multiple carnivore groups. Confirmation of active infection via micro-organism recovery was less common for ursids than other taxonomic groups. Published descriptions of disease-induced population decline or extinction were rare, and most outbreaks were allegedly the result of direct transmission of rabies or canine distemper virus (CDV) from abundant carnivore species to less-common large carnivores. We conclude that the threat of disease epidemics in large carnivores may be serious if otherwise lethal infections are endemic in reservoir hosts and transmitted horizontally among taxa. To prevent or mitigate future population declines, research efforts should be aimed at identifying both the diseases of potential importance to large carnivores and the ecological conditions associated with their spread and severity.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	Document Type: English			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 356			Serial	708
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