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Jackson, R., & Roe, J. (2002). Preliminary Observations On Non-Invasive Techniques for Identifying Individual Snow Leopards and Monitoring Populations.. Islt: Islt.
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Jalanka, H. H. (1991). Medetomidine, medetomidine-ketamine combinations and atipamezole in nondomestic mammals: A clinical, physiological and comparative study. Dep.Clinical Sciences, Coll.Veterinary Med., Helsinki, Finland, .
Abstract: Hibiscus section Furcaria is composed of over 400 species. Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus) and rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa) belong to this section. Both species are important fiber crops. The survey reported in this book was undertaken in order to find new sources of genetic diversity collect, save, and distribute germ plasm. The work contains a taxonomic key of section Furcaria in southern Africa, 8 species, a description of the species illustrated by line-drawings, and distribution maps. (Also discussed are; H. mechowii, H. meeusei, H. surattensis, H. acetosella, H. torrei, H. mastersianus, H. hiernianus, H. altissimus, H. diversifolius sub sp. rivularis.)
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Jiang, Z. (2005). Snow leopards in the Dulan International Hunting Ground, Qinghai, China.
Abstract: From March to May, 2006œªwe conducted extensive snow leopard surveys in the Burhanbuda Mountain Kunlun Mountains, Qinghai Province, China. 32 linear transect of 5~15 km each, which running through each vegetation type, were surveyed within the study area. A total of 72 traces of snow leopard were found along 4 transects (12.5% of total transects). The traces included pug marks or footprints, scrapes and urine marks. We estimated the average density of wild ungulates in the region was 2.88ñ0.35 individuals km-2(n=29). We emplaced 16 auto2 trigger cameras in different environments and eight photos of snow leopard were shot by four cameras and the capture rate of snow leopard was 71.4%. The minimum snow leopard population size in the Burhanbuda Mountain was two, because two snow leopards were phototrapped by different cameras at almost same time. Simultaneously, the cameras also shot 63 photos of other wild animals, including five photos are unidentified wild animals, and 20 photos of livestock. We evaluated the human attitudes towards snow leopard by interviewing with 27 Tibetan householders of 30 householders live in the study area. We propose to establish a nature reserve for protecting and managing snow leopards in the region. Snow leopard (Uncia uncia) is considered as a unique species because it lives above the snow line, it is endemic to alpines in Central Asia, inhabiting in 12 countries across Central Asia (Fox, 1992). Snow leopard ranges in alpine areas in Qinghai, Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, Tibet, Gansu and Sichuan in western China (Liao, 1985, 1986; Zhou, 1987; Ma et al., 2002; Jiang & Xu, 2006). The total population and habitat of snow leopards in China are estimated to be 2,000~2,500 individuals and 1,824,316 km2, only 5% of which is under the protection of nature reserves. The cat's current range is fragmented (Zou & Zheng, 2003). Due to strong human persecutions, populations of snow leopards decreased significantly since the end of the 20th century. Thus, the
snow leopards are under the protection of international and domestic laws. From March to May, 2006, we conducted two field surveys in Zhiyu Village, Dulan County in Burhanbuda Mountain, Kunlun Mountains, China to determine the population, distribution and survival status of snow leopards in the area. The aim of the study was to provide ecologic data for snow leopard conservation.
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Jianzhang, M., Hongfei, Z., & Cheng, K. (2002). The Distribution Status of Snow Leopard (Panthera uncia) in China.. Islt: Islt.
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Joslin, J. O., Garner, M., Collins, D., Kamaka, E., Sinabaldi, K., Meleo, K., et al. (2000). Viral papilloma and squamous cell carcinomas in snow leopards (Uncia uncia). In 2000 Proceedings AAZV & IAAAM Joint Conference (pp. 155–158). AAZV & IAAAM Joint Conference.
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Khatiwada, J. R., Chalise, M. K., & Kyes, R. (2007). Survey of Snow Leopard (Uncia uncia) and Blue Sheep (Pseudois nayaur) populations in the Kangchenjunga Conservation Area (KCA), Nepal. Final report.
Abstract: This study was carried out in the Kangchenjunga Conservation Area (KCA), Eastern Nepal from Feb – Nov 2007. We used the Snow Leopard Information Management System, SLIMS (second order survey technique) to determine the relative abundance of snow leopard in the upper part of KCA. Altogether, 36 transects (total length of 15.21 km) were laid down in the major three blocks of KCA. 104 Signs (77 scrapes, 20 feces, 2 Scent mark, 3 Pugmarks and 2 hairs) were recorded. Fixed-point count method was applied for blue sheep from appropriate vantage points. We counted total individual in each herd using 8x42 binocular and 15-60x spotting scope. A total of 43 herds and 1102 individuals were observed in the area. The standard SLIMS questionnaire was conducted to find out relevant information on livestock depredation patterns. Out of 35 households surveyed in KCA, 48% of herders lost livestock due to snow leopards. A total of 21 animals were reportedly lost due to snow leopards from August to September 2007.
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Koshkarev, E. (2002). Strategy of Snow Leopard Conservation in the Range.. Islt: Islt.
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Koshkarev, E. (2002). Strategy of Snow Leopard Conservation in Russia (and in Boundary Territories of Mongolia, China, and Kazakhstan).. Islt: Islt.
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Kreuzberg-Mukhina, E., Esipov, A., Aromov, B., Bykova, E., & Vashetko, E. (2002). Snow Leopard and Its Protection in Uzbekistan.. Islt: Islt.
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Marma, B. B., & Yunchis, V. V. (1968). Observations on the breeding, management and physiology of Snow leopards (Panthera u. uncia) at Kaunas Zoo from 1962 to 1967. In C. Jarvis, & R. Biegler (Eds.), Canids and Felids in Captivity (pp. 66–73). Zoological Society of London.
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