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	Author	Schaller, G.B.
	Title	Mountain mammals in Pakistan			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1976	Publication	Oryx	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	13	Issue		Pages	351-356
	Keywords	Pakistan; Chitral-Gol; status; distribution; hunting; poaching; hunters; parks; park; reserves; reserve; refuge; protected-area; browse; chitral gol; chitral; protected area; protected; area; 2240
	Abstract	Four or five snow leopards were present in 300 sq km of Chitral District in 1974. Six snow leopards were shot in vicinity of Chitral Gol in winter of 1971-1972, and at least one the next year. Estimates fewer then 250 snow leopards in Pakistan.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
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	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 33			Serial	863
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	Author	Nolte-Wilson, B.
	Title	Soveriegn of menaced realm: the snow leopard			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1990	Publication	Natura WWF-Pakistan Newsletter	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	9	Issue	2	Pages	3-9
	Keywords	Pakistan; browse; behavior; Chitrol-Gol; baiting; spays; pug; scrapes; habitat; 3130
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
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	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
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	Notes	Full Text at URL			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 171			Serial	723
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	Author	Izold, J.
	Title	Snow Leopard Enterprise: a conservation project that saves an endangered species and supports needy families			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2008	Publication	Anim.Keepers' Forum	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	9	Issue	5	Pages	359-364
	Keywords	snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; conservation; project; endangered; endangered species; endangered-species; species; Support; union; uncia; Uncia uncia; Uncia-uncia; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards; wild; Iucn; Animals; Animal; tiger; extinction; former; zoo; Freeman; trust; work; cat; community-based; projects; Sle; impact; poverty; community; Mongolia; Kyrgyz; Kyrgyz-Republic; republic; Pakistan; 300; economic; incentives; prey; sustainable; herding; number; territory; income; training; products; wool; local; local people; people; zoos; Woodland-Park-Zoo; park; zoological; ecosystem
	Abstract	The World Conservation Union listed the snow leopard (Uncia uncia) as endangered in 1974. With as few as 3,500 snow leopards left in the wild, scientists placed the snow leopard on the IUCN Red List of critically endangered species shared by animals such as the giant panda and tiger. In an effort to save the snow leopard from extinction, former zoo employee Helen Freeman founded the Snow Leopard Trust in 1981. The Snow Leopard Trust works to save this elusive cat by incorporating community-based conservation projects. One of these project Leopard Enterprise (SLE), impacts poverty stricken communities in Mongolia, Kyrgyz Republic, and Pakistan. It assists over 300 families in its conservation efforts. The economic incentives provided via SLE have led participating communities not to harm the snow leopard or its prey, and to practice sustainable herding. Since the project began in 1997, the number of snow leopards harmed around the communities' territories has dropped to near zero. Additionally, the annual income of families that utilize the benefits of SLE has increased by 25% to 40%. SLE creates this economic benefit by providing the training and equipment necessary to make desirable products from the wool of herd animals. Snow Leopard Trust then purchases these handicraft items from the local people and them globally. Zoos can expand their conservation efforts by simply offering these items in their gift shops. Woodland Park Zoo (WPZ) was the first zoological institution to sell the products, and WPZ continues to generate revenue from them. SLE is a golden opportunity for zoos to increase revenue, assist poor families, and save an endangered species and fragile ecosystem.
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	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	American Association of Zoo Keepers	Place of Publication	Topeka, Kansas	Editor
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	Notes	Author from Cleveland Metroparks Zoo, Cleveland, OH, USA			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 976			Serial	425
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	Author	Khan, B., Ablimit, A., Nawaz, M. A., Ali, R., Khan, M. Z., Jaffaruddin, Karim, R.
	Title	Pastoralist experience and tolerance of snow leopard, wolf and lynx predation in Karakoram Pamir Mountains			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2014	Publication	Journal of Biodiversity and Envirnomental Sciences	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	5	Issue	4	Pages	214-229
	Keywords	Carnivore, herbivores, interaction, Karakoram, Pamir, Khunjerab, Taxkorgan, China, Pakistan
	Abstract	Human-carnivore conflict is a common conservation and livelihood issue in mountain communities. This study was conducted to understand nature and extent of socio-ecological interaction between pastoralism and wildlife conservation in cold deserts of Karakoram Pamir Mountains (KPM) between China and Pakistan. Study revealed that livestock depredation is a burning issue in KPM with varying intensity from place to place, depending upon wild prey abundance, herd size, herding practices, predator type and age. Snow leopard, wolf and lynx were the major predators, while Brown bear despite its presence was reported being less fatal to livestock. Snow leopard killed highest number of animals (88.7% n=1440) mostly sheep and goats whereas, wolf killed more juvenile yaks. Lynx was found occasionally predating on young domestic crop. Highest number of kills was recorded from pastures during summer months (July-Aug) when animals were free grazing or were kept inside pens at night. Wild prey base being abysmally low, livestock seemed offering a considerable portion of diet to carnivores. Despite considerable losses from carnivores, more respondents in KNP (Pakistan) buffer zone had sympathies for predators compared to those in TNR (China) who were annoyed of the carnivores. Although people attributed escalating human-carnivore conflict to a higher level of protection to wild animals in Protected Areas (PA) but efforts are still needed to judiciously integrate conservation with local livelihood and development needs, otherwise herders may continue losing their livestock to predators and retaliatory killing of endangered carnivore species i.e., Snow leopard and Wolf may continue unabated and would further destabilize the fragile mountain ecosystem.
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	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
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	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rakhee @			Serial	1418
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	Author	International Snow Leopard Trust
	Title	Trade Continues in Snow Leopard Skins			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1996	Publication	Snowline	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	xiv	Issue		Pages
	Keywords	poaching; pelts; trade; asia; Pakistan; China; Kashgar; browse; 4550
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	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Islt	Place of Publication	Seattle	Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
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	Notes	Full Text at URLJournal Title: Snowline			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 443			Serial	924
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	Author	Malik, M.M.
	Title	The Current Status of Snow Leopards and Their Prey Status and Conservation of Snow Leopard in Pakistan			Type	Conference Article
	Year	1997	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	11-20
	Keywords	Pakistan; predator; prey; predation; livestock; research; monitoring; park; parks; refuge; Slims; conservation; poaching; hunting; furs; pelts; ecology; behavior; law; laws; education; herder; herders; status; protected-area; browse; protected areas; protected area; area; areas; protected; 2130
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	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	International Snow Leopard Trust	Place of Publication	Lahore, Pakistan	Editor	R.Jackson; A.Ashiq
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
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	Notes	Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Eighth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Islamabad, PakistanDate of Copyright: 1997			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 318			Serial	641
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	Author	Aruge, S., Batool, H., Khan, F. M., Abbas, F. I., Janjua, S
	Title	A pilot study�genetic diversity and population structure of snow leopards of Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan, using molecular techniques.			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2019	Publication	PeerJ	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue	7672	Pages	1-14
	Keywords	Population, Genetics, Panthera uncia, Pakistan, Molecular markers
	Abstract	Background: The Hindu Kush and Karakoram mountain ranges in Pakistan�s northern areas are a natural habitat of the snow leopard (Panthera uncia syn. Uncia uncia) but the ecological studies on this animal are scarce since it is human shy by nature and lives in dif!cult mountainous tracts. The pilot study is conducted to exploit the genetic diversity and population structure of the snow leopard in this selected natural habitat of the member of the wildcat family in Pakistan. Method: About 50 putative scat samples of snow leopard from !ve localities of Gilgit-Baltistan (Pakistan) along with a control sample of zoo maintained male snow leopard were collected for comparison. Signi!cant quality and quantity of genomic DNA was extracted from scat samples using combined Zhang�phenol�chloroform method and successful ampli!cation of cytochrome c oxidase I gene (190 bp) using mini-barcode primers, seven simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers and Y-linked AMELY gene (200 bp) was done. Results: Cytochrome c oxidase I gene sequencing suggested that 33/50 (66%) scat samples were of snow leopard. AMELY primer suggested that out of 33 ampli!ed samples, 21 (63.63%) scats were from male and 12 (36.36%) from female leopards. Through successful ampli!cation of DNA of 25 out of 33 (75.75%) scat samples using SSR markers, a total of 68 alleles on seven SSR loci were identi!ed, showing low heterozygosity, while high gene "ow between population. Discussion: The low gene flow rate among the population results in low genetic diversity causing decreased diversi!cation. This affects the adaptability to climatic changes, thus ultimately resulting in decreased population size of the species.
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	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rakhee @			Serial	1491
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	Author	Rasool, G.
	Title	Population status of Wildlife in Khunjerab National Park			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1990	Publication	Tigerpaper	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	Xvii	Issue	4	Pages	25-28
	Keywords	status; Khunjerab; National-park; park; parks; refuge; reserves; reserve; Pakistan; protected-area; browse; national park; national; 2190
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	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
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	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 161			Serial	807
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	Author	Rasool, G.
	Title	The status of management of protected areas in the Northern Areas of Pakistan			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1994	Publication	Tigerpaper	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	Xxi	Issue	1	Pages	23-26
	Keywords	parks; Pakistan; park; reserves; reserve; refuge; status; protected-area; browse; protected area; protected areas; area; areas; protected; 2120
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	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
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	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
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	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 241			Serial	808
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	Author	Roberts, T.J.
	Title	The Mammals of Pakistan			Type	Book Whole
	Year	1977	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Pakistan; ecology; status; distribution; browse; 2200
	Abstract	Brief description of physical characteristics, ecology,status, and distribution of snow leopard in Pakistan
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	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Ernest Benn	Place of Publication	London and Tonbridge	Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
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	Notes	156-158			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 38			Serial	825
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