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Author Reading, R.P.; Mix, H.M.; Badamjaviin L.; Feh, L.; Kane, D.; Dulamtseren, S.; Enkhbold S. url 
  Title Status and distribution of khulan Equus hemionus in Mongolia Type Journal Article
  Year 2001 Publication Journal of Zoology Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume (down) 254 Issue Pages 381-389  
  Keywords gobi; Equus hemionus; Khulan; Mongolia; wild ass; 5240  
  Abstract The Asiatic wild ass Equus hemionus, or khulan, once ranged across much of Central Asia, but is now globally threatened. The largest free-ranging populations are now restricted to a 250-km wide area (range 100ñ400 km) across the Gobi Desert region of southern Mongolia. Over the last 23 years the population has moved further north and east into its former range. Surveys conducted in the 1970s and 1980s estimated that the Mongolian population contained fewer than 15 000 animals and was declining as a result of human exploitation and livestock competition. Aerial surveys (one in autumn 1994, two in spring 1997) were flown as line transects over portions of the khulan's range in Mongolia and ground surveys (’ve in spring, summer, and autumn 1994ñ97) were conducted by vehicle and foot. Sample sizes and areas surveyed were larger than previous surveys, and our methods were often more systematic. Population size was estimated at 33 000ñ63 000 wild asses in Mongolia. Animal density ranged from 4.2 a 1.3 to 19.1a 3.2 per 100 km2. Mean group size ranged from four to 35 animals in the south-western Gobi, four to seven animals in the southern Gobi, and three to 18 in the south-eastern Gobi. Our data suggest that Mongolia is the most important stronghold for the conservation of E. hemionus. Conservation management continues to be challenging because intensive studies on khulan biology and ecology are just beginning. As a freemarket economy continues to emerge in Mongolia, pressure from resource extraction interests and nomadic livestock herders to remove the khulan's protected status, permit harvesting and halt population growth and expansion, also makes implementation of research and conservation management programs more imperative.  
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  Notes Full text available at URL Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 509 Serial 813  
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Author Mishra, C. url 
  Title Socio-economic transition and wildlife conservation in the Indian Trans-Himalaya Type Journal Article
  Year 2000 Publication Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume (down) 97 Issue 1 Pages 25-32  
  Keywords economics; economy; conservation; Himalaya; trans-himalaya; India; Ladakh; browse; transhimalaya; 1940  
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  Notes Document Type: English Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 388 Serial 691  
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Author De Groot, H.; Van Swieten, P.; Aalberse, R.C. url 
  Title Evidence for a Fel d I-like molecule in the “big cats” (Felidae species) Type Journal Article
  Year 1990 Publication J Allergy Clin Immunol Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume (down) 86 Issue 1 Pages 107-116  
  Keywords Adolescence; Adult; Allergens; immunology; Animal; Antibodies; Monoclonal; diagnostic; use; Antibody; Specificity; Carnivora; Cats; Comparative; study; Cross; Reactions; Hair; Histamine; Release; Human; IgE; analysis; IgG; Middle; Age; Radioallergosorbent; Test; methods; Support; Non-U.S.Gov't; browse; us; government; gov't; 240  
  Abstract In this study, we investigated the cross-reactivity pattern of IgE and IgG4 antibodies to the major feline allergen, Fel d I. We studied the IgE and IgG4 response of 11 cat-allergic patients against Fel d I-like structures in eight members of the Felidae family: ocelot, puma, serval, siberian tiger, lion, jaguar, snow leopard, and caracal. Hair from these “big cats” was collected, extracted, and used in a RAST system and histamine-release test. By means of a RAST-inhibition assay with affinity-purified Fel d I from cat dander, it was established that, in the Felidae species, a Fel d I equivalent is present that reacts with IgE and IgG4 antibodies. We found that all patients had cross-reacting IgE antibodies to seven of the Felidae tested; no IgE antibodies reactive with the caracal were found. Eight of 10 patients with IgG4 antibodies directed to cat dander also had IgG4 antibodies directed to several Felidae species, including the caracal. However, the correlation between the IgE and the IgG4 antibody specificity was low, indicating that, in the case of Fel d I IgE and IgG4, antibodies do not necessarily have the same specificity.  
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  ISSN 0091-6749 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Document Type: eng Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 157 Serial 233  
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Author Oli, M.K. url 
  Title Snow leopards and blue sheep in Nepal: Densities and predator: prey ratio Type Journal Article
  Year 1994 Publication Journal of Mammalogy Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume (down) 75 Issue 4 Pages 998-1004  
  Keywords Nepal; blue-sheep; prey; livestock; predation; blue; sheep; browse; 740; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; blue sheep; densities; density; predator  
  Abstract I studied snow leopards (Panthera uncia) and blue sheep (Pseudois nayaur) in Manang District, Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal, to estimate numbers and analyze predator-prey interactions. Five to seven adult leopards used the 10-5-km-2 study area, a density of 4.8 to 6.7 leopards/100 km-2. Density of blue sheep was 6.6 10.2 sheep/km-2, and biomass density was 304 kg/km-2. Estimated relative biomass consumed by snow leopards suggested that blue sheep were the most important prey; marmots (Marmota himalayana) also contributed significantly to the diel of snow leopards Snow leopards in Manang were estimated to harvest 9-20% of total biomass and 11-24% of total number of blue sheep annually. Snow leopard: blue sheep ratio was 1:114-1:159 on a weight basis, which was considered sustainable given the importance of small mammals in the leopard's diet and the absence of other competing predators.  
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  Notes Document Type: English Call Number: 599.05 JO Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 236 Serial 746  
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Author Cai, G.; Liu, Y.; O'Gara, B.W. url 
  Title Observations of large mammals in the Qaidam Basin and its peripheral mountainous area in the Peoples Republic of China Type Journal Article
  Year 1990 Publication Canadadian J.Zool. Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume (down) 68 Issue Pages 2021-2024  
  Keywords China; Qaidam; browse; 3340  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 156 Serial 206  
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Author Berenstein, F. url 
  Title The snow leopard. Fusion in an Elaborated Delusional Fantasy Type Journal Article
  Year 1984 Publication Am J Psychoanal Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume (down) 44 Issue 4 Pages 377-397  
  Keywords Adolescence; Case; Report; Countertransference; Psychology; Divorce; Fantasy; Gender; Identity; Human; Male; Parent-Child; Relations; Professional-Patient; Psychoanalytic Interpretation; Psychoanalytic; therapy; Psychosexual; development; Transference; parent; child; professional; patient; interpretation; browse; 340  
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  ISSN 0002-9548 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Document Type: eng Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 68 Serial 130  
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Author Roth, T.L.; Swanson, W.F.; Wildt, D.E. url 
  Title Snow leopard (Panthera unica) sperm longevity in vitro is not influenced by protein or energy source supplements but is affected by buffer source Type Journal Article
  Year 1995 Publication Theriogenology Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume (down) 43 Issue 1 Pages 309  
  Keywords genetics; Sperm; captivity; medical; medicine; veterinary; zoo; breeding; browse; 1400  
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  Notes Annual Conference of the International Embryo Transfer Society, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, January 8-10, 1995 Document Type: English Call Number: QP251 .T44 Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 280 Serial 829  
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Author Ale, S.B.; Yonzon, P.; Thapa, K. url 
  Title Recovery of snow leopard Uncia uncia in Sagarmatha (Mount Everest) National Park, Nepal Type Miscellaneous
  Year 2007 Publication Oryx Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume (down) 41 Issue Pages 89-92  
  Keywords Nepal; recovery; Sagarmatha Mount Everest National Park; snow leopard; Uncia uncia; surveys; survey; snow; snow-leopard; leopard; uncia; Uncia-uncia; valley; Sagarmatha; national; national park; National-park; park; using; information; management; system; research; transects; transect; sign; areas; area; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards; 40; Himalayan; tahr; musk; musk-deer; deer; location; recent; species; grazing; land; Forest; habitat; domestic; wild; ungulates; ungulate; livestock; tourism; development; traditional; land use; land-use; use; wildlife  
  Abstract From September to November 2004 we conducted surveys of snow leopard Uncia uncia signs in three major valleys in Sagarmatha (Mount Everest) National Park in Nepal using the Snow Leopard Information Management System, a standardized survey technique for snow leopard research. We walked 24 transects covering c. 14 km and located 33 sites with 56 snow leopard signs, and 17 signs incidentally in other areas. Snow leopards appear to have re-inhabited the Park, following their disappearance c. 40 years ago, apparently following the recovery of Himalayan tahr Hemitragus jemlahicus and musk deer Moschus chrysogaster populations. Taken together the locations of all 73 recent snow leopard signs indicate that the species is using predominantly grazing land and shrubland/ open forest at elevations of 3,000-5,000 m, habitat types that are also used by domestic and wild ungulates. Sagarmatha is the homeland of c. 3,500 Buddhist Sherpas with .3,000 livestock. Along with tourism and associated developments in Sagarmatha, traditional land use practices could be used to ensure coexistence of livestock and wildlife, including the recovering snow leopards, and ensure the wellbeing of the Sherpas.  
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  Notes http://www.snowleopardnetwork.org/bibliography/Ale_2007.pdf Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 884 Serial 58  
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Author Jackson, R. url 
  Title Linking Snow Leopard Conservation and People-Wildlife Conflict Resolution, Summary of a multi-country project aimed at developing grass-roots measures to protect the endangered snow leopard from herder retribution Type Journal Article
  Year 2000 Publication Cat News Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume (down) 33 Issue Pages 12-15  
  Keywords livestock-depredation; livestock; pastoralists; herders; Pakistan; Nepal; Tibet; Mongolia; India; protected-areas; parks; reserves; refuge; snow-leopard-incentive-program; economics; tourism; pens; corrals; enclosures; trapping; poisoning; killing; cubs; dens; retribution; behavior; predator; prey; Qomolangma; habitat; feces; fecal-analysis; compensation; Dogs; guard-dogs; religion; conservation; browse; depredation; snow; leopard; incentive; program; fecal; analysis; guard; Dog; 4000  
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  Notes Full Text at URL Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 375 Serial 464  
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Author Koshkarev, E.; Vyrypaev, V. url 
  Title The snow leopard after the break-up of the Soviet Union Type Journal Article
  Year 2000 Publication Cat News Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume (down) 32 Issue Pages 9-11  
  Keywords Ussr; Soviet-Union; survival; Extermination; endanger; poaching; Sociology; Russia; snow-leopard; browse; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; ecomomics; politics; herders; unting; trading; furs; pelts; agriculture; 40  
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  Notes Full text at URLDocument Type: English Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 378 Serial 566  
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Author McCarthy, T.; Allen, P. url 
  Title Knitting for snow leopards Type Journal Article
  Year 1999 Publication Cat News Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume (down) 30 Issue Pages 24-25  
  Keywords conservation-programs; endangered; threatened-species; human-dimensions; management; conservation; asia; Mongolia; herder; herding; herders; browse; threatened; species; programs; Human; dimensions.; 1040  
  Abstract The authors describe an innovative conservation program for the endangered snow leopard. A program was established in which herding families in Mongolia knit scarves, gloves, and hats from camel, sheep, and cashmere wool for sale as eco-friendly products. The program increases family incomes, brings in revenue for conservation programs, and educates the herders on the leopards. klf.  
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  Notes Full Text at URL. Author Contact: 4649 Sunnyside Ave N. ,Suite 325, Seattle Wa 98103Document Type: English Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 368 Serial 659  
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Author Rothschild, B.M.; Rothschild, C.; Woods, R.J.   
  Title Inflammatory arthritis in large cats: An expanded spectrum of spondyloarthropathy Type Journal Article
  Year 1998 Publication Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume (down) 29 Issue 3 Pages 279-284  
  Keywords Acinonyx-jubatus; cheetah; Felidae; Felis-concolor; mountain-lion; Felis-pardalis; ocelot; Panthera-leo; African-lion; Panthera-onca; jaguar; Panthera-pardus; leopard; Panthera-tigris; tiger; Panthera-uncia; snow-leopard; snow leopard; Acinonyx; jubatus; felis; concolor; mountain; lion; pardalis; panthera; leo; african; onca; pardus; tigris; uncia; browse; 1240  
  Abstract Spondyloarthropathy was documented for the first time in 14 (3.7%) of 386 large cats, affecting eight species belonging to three genera. The limited distribution of joint erosions, associated with spine and sacroiliac joint pathology, was indistinguishable from that occurring in humans with spondyloarthropathy of the reactive type. This form of inflammatory arthritis is almost twice as common as osteoarthritis (for felids as a whole), and animal well-being may be enhanced by its recognition and by initiation of specific treatment.  
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  Notes Document Type: English Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 353 Serial 832  
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Author Thorel, M.F.; Karoui, C.; Varnerot, A.; Fleury, C.; Vincent, V. url 
  Title Isolation of Mycobacterium bovis from baboons, leopards and a sea-lion Type Journal Article
  Year 1998 Publication Vet Res Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume (down) 29 Issue 2 Pages 207-212  
  Keywords Animal; Animals; zoo; Carnivora; microbiology; Case; Report; Cattle; Dna; Fingerprinting; Transposable; Elements; Disease; Outbreaks; veterinary; France; Genome; Bacterial; Germany; Male; Monkey; Diseases; diagnosis; epidemiology; Mycobacterium; Infections; bovis; classification; isolation; purification; Papio; Seals; browse; 440  
  Abstract This study reports on two series of cases of Mycobacterium bovis infection in zoo animals. The first was in a captive population of baboons (Papio hamadryas) and the second in a mixed group of wild mammals, including four leopards (Panthera uncia and Panthera pardus) and a sea-lion (Otaria byrona). The isolation and identification of strains of M. bovis confirmed the presence of M. bovis infections in both zoos. The epidemiological study using genetic markers such as the IS6110-based DNA fingerprinting system made it possible to differentiate between M. bovis strains. The M. bovis strains isolated from baboons were shown to contain a single IS6110 copy, as usually do cattle isolates, whereas the M. bovis strains isolated from the other exotic animals presented multiple copies. This finding suggests that the origin of the contamination for the baboons in zoo A could be related to cattle. The origin of the contamination for the leopards and sea-lion in zoo B is more difficult to determine. In conclusion, the authors suggest some recommendations for avoiding outbreaks of tuberculosis infections in zoos.  
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  ISSN 0928-4249 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Document Type: eng Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 346 Serial 966  
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Author Meklenburtsev R.N. url 
  Title About ecology of ibex in Pamir Type Miscellaneous
  Year 1949 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume (down) Vol. 28, edition 5. Issue Pages 482-483  
  Keywords Tajikistan; Pamir; ibex; distribution; number; diet; reproductive biology; predators; snow leopard; commercial use.; 7640; Russian  
  Abstract Ibex is distributed all over the Pamir mountains, inhabiting rocks and canyons and ascending up to 5,500 m above sea level. In summer, ibex mostly feeds upon sedge and cereals, in winter wormwood. It keeps in herds containing 15 to 30 animals. The coupling period is December; kids being born at the beginning of June. The most dangerous predators are snow leopard and wolf. Ibex is a main commercial game species.  
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  Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Zoological journal. Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 742 Serial 674  
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Author Karesh, W.B.; Asterino, R. url 
  Title Mandibular osteomyelitis in a snow leopard (Panthera-uncia) with a review of osteomyelitis in other species and man Type Journal Article
  Year 1988 Publication Journal Of Zoo Animal Medicine Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume (down) 19 Issue 3 Pages 137-142  
  Keywords osteomyelitis; veterinary; medical; medicine; zoo; zoos; browse; 1540  
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  Notes Addresses:KARESH WB, WOODLAND PK ZOOL GARDENS,5500 PHINNEY AVE N,SEATTLE,WA 98103AVIAN & EXOT ANIM HOSP,HAWTHORNE,CA Publisher:AMER ASSOC Z00 VETERINARIANS, MEDIA Document Type: English Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 132 Serial 516  
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Author Desch, C. url 
  Title A new species of hair follicle mite (Acari: Demodecidae) from the snow leopard, Panthera uncia (Schreber, 1775) (Felidae) Type Journal Article
  Year 1993 Publication International Journal of Acarology Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume (down) 19 Issue 1 Pages 63-67  
  Keywords snow-leopard; mites; mite; zoo; zoos; veterinary; medical; medicine; snow leopard; browse; 1440  
  Abstract A new species of Demodex is described, in all instars, from the rare and endangered snow leopard, Panthera uncia. This represents only the second demodecid from the family Felidae and the first from a wild cat species. The mite specimens were taken from juvenile hosts raised in captivity. Demodex uncii sp. nov. closely resembles Demodex cati.  
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  Notes Document Type: English Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 190 Serial 236  
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Author Fox, J.L.   
  Title Conflict between predators and people in Ladakh Type Journal Article
  Year 1997 Publication Cat News Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume (down) 17 Issue Pages 18  
  Keywords asia; India; behavior; endangered; threatened-species; mammals; management; predation; public relations; reserves; refuges; parks; wildlife; human-relationships; livestock; sheep; goats; prey; International-Snow-Leopard-Trust; protected-area; Hemis; browse; Islt; International; snow; leopard; trust; public; Relations; Human; relationships; protected; 640  
  Abstract During a six-week period in Hemis National Park, Ladakh, India, snow leopards killed 10 sheep and goats and one leopard gained access to a livestock pen and killed many of the animals inside. Dholes also killed sheep and goats, and a wolf killed a young horse. Residents routinely remove snow leopard cubs from their dens to limit future damage by this species. How to deal with the plight of the people living in the area while still protecting the endangered species are major concerns of the International Snow Leopard Trust, which manages Hemis National Park. lgh.  
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  Notes AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Ecol./Zool., IBG Univ. Tromso, Tromso, Norway, ORIGINAL SOURCE: Snow Leopard News, Autumn 1997 Document Type: English Call Number: WR99-007446 Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 309 Serial 310  
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Author Kitchener, S.L.; Meritt; Rosenthal, M. url 
  Title Observations on the breeding and husbandry of snow leopards, Panthera uncia Type Journal Article
  Year 1975 Publication Int.Zoo Yearbook Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume (down) 15 Issue Pages 212-217  
  Keywords breeding; husbandry; behavior; captivity; zoos; zoo; browse; 3640; Adult; care; biology; growth; mortality; factor; young; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; program; park  
  Abstract Describes adult care and breeding biology, and the care, growth, and mortality factors of young snow leopards in a successful breeding program in the Lincon Park Zoo, Chicago, Illinois.  
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  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 31 Serial 535  
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Author Schaller, G.B. url 
  Title Mountain mammals in Pakistan Type Journal Article
  Year 1976 Publication Oryx Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume (down) 13 Issue Pages 351-356  
  Keywords Pakistan; Chitral-Gol; status; distribution; hunting; poaching; hunters; parks; park; reserves; reserve; refuge; protected-area; browse; chitral gol; chitral; protected area; protected; area; 2240  
  Abstract Four or five snow leopards were present in 300 sq km of Chitral District in 1974. Six snow leopards were shot in vicinity of Chitral Gol in winter of 1971-1972, and at least one the next year. Estimates fewer then 250 snow leopards in Pakistan.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 33 Serial 863  
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Author Roth, T.L.; Armstrong, D.L.; Barrie, M.T.; Wildt, D.E. url 
  Title Seasonal effects on ovarian responsiveness to exogenous gonadotrophins and successful artificial insemination in the snow leopard (Uncia uncia) Type Journal Article
  Year 1997 Publication Reprod Fertil Dev Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume (down) 9 Issue 3 Pages 285-295  
  Keywords Animal; Carnivora; anatomy; histology; Blood; physiology; Estradiol; Female; Gonadotropins; administration; dosage; pharmacology; Chorionic; Equine; Human; Insemination; artificial; methods; veterinary; Laparoscopy; Male; Oocytes; cytology; Ovary; drug; effects; Ovulation; Induction; Pregnancy; Progesterone; Seasons; Support; Non-U.S.Gov't; browse; non; us; gov't; government; 400  
  Abstract Ovaries of the seasonally-breeding snow leopard (Uncia uncia) were examined to determine whether they were responsive to exogenous gonadotrophins throughout the year. The potential of laparoscopic artificial insemination (AI) also was assessed for producing offspring. During the non-breeding, pre-breeding, breeding and post-breeding seasons, females (n = 20) were treated with a standardized, dual- hormone regimen given intramuscularly (600 I.U. of equine chorionic gonadotrophin followed 80-84 h later with 300 I.U. of human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG)). Laparoscopy was performed 45-50 h after administration of hCG, and all ovarian structures were described. Females with fresh corpora lutea (CL) were inseminated, and anovulatory females were subjected to follicular aspiration to examine oocyte quality. Snow leopards responded to exogenous gonadotrophins throughout the year. Mean number of total ovarian structures (distinct follicles mature in appearance plus CL) did not differ (P > or = 0.05) with season, but the proportion of CL: total ovarian structures was greater (P < 0.01) for the breeding season compared with all other seasons. The proportion of females ovulating was greater (P < 0.05) during the breeding and post-breeding seasons than during the pre-breeding and non- breeding seasons respectively. No Grade-1 quality oocytes were recovered from follicles of anovulatory females. Serum concentrations of oestradiol-17 beta appeared elevated in all females, and neither oestradiol-17 beta concentrations nor progesterone concentrations differed (P > or = 0.05) among seasons. Of 15 females artificially inseminated, the only one that was inseminated in the non-breeding season became pregnant and delivered a single cub. This is the first successful pregnancy resulting from AI in this endangered species.  
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  ISSN 1031-3613 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Document Type: eng Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 325 Serial 830  
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Author Zhirjakov, V.A. url 
  Title On the ecology of the snow leopard in the Zailisky-Alatau (Northern Tien Shan) Type Journal Article
  Year 1990 Publication Int Ped Book of Snow Leopards Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume (down) 6 Issue Pages 25-30  
  Keywords Tien-Shan; ecology; China; browse; Kazakhstan; Russia; Soviet-Union; distribution; population; prey; behavior; food-habits; scat-analysis; 3240  
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  Notes Full text available at URL Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 168 Serial 1078  
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Author Jackson, R.; Ahlborn, G. url 
  Title The role of protected areas in Nepal in maintaining viable populations of snow leopards Type Journal Article
  Year 1990 Publication Int.Ped.Book of Snow Leopards Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume (down) 6 Issue Pages 51-69  
  Keywords Nepal; conservation; management; parks; park; reserve; refuge; protected-area; browse; protected area; protected; area; island-biology-theory; population-limits; habitat; suitability; 3040  
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  Notes Full text at URL Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 165 Serial 444  
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Author Liao, Y.F. url 
  Title The Geographical Distribution of Ounces in Qinghai Province Type Journal Article
  Year 1985 Publication Acta Theriologica Sinica Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume (down) 5 Issue 3 Pages 183-188  
  Keywords China; Qinghai; distribution; browse; 5470; ounce; panthera; panthera uncia; Panthera-uncia; uncia; province; 20; Qilian; number; 40; Male; Female; park; Adult; bharal; Pseudois; breeding; people; birth; young; Chinese  
  Abstract This paper deals with the geographical distribution of ounces (Panthera uncia) in Qinghai Province. Ounces are distributed in 20 counties- Guide, Huzhu, Menyuan, Qilian, Tianjun, Dulan, Golmud, Guinan, Xinghai, Zhidoi, Zadoi, Nangqen, Yushu, Chindu, Qumarleb, Madio, Maqen, Jigzhi, Baima, Darlag. Among them, there fore 4 counties- Qilian, Tianjun, Dulan, Zadoi, in which the number of ounces are bigger. The number of ounces are shown in table 2. There are altogether 73 ounces (40 male, 33 female) which is supported to every park of China for ornamental, they were captured by fellow-villagers, and 44 ounces (23 male, 21 female) of them are below 6 months old, 9 ounces (6 male, 3 female) of them are 1 year old, 2 ounces (male) are 2 years old, and 18 ounces (9 male, 9 female) are adults.

Ounces live at an altitude of 3000-4100 metres above the sea, and prefer to eat Bharal (Pseudois noyour). Its breeding period goes from April to June, the number of embryos being 2-3.

A female ounce was successfully reproduced for the first time at Xining People's Park of China, in Spetember, 1984, and she gave birth to 3 young ounces.
 
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  Notes Document Type: Chinese Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 531 Serial 617  
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Author Koshkarev, E.P. url 
  Title An Unusual Hunt Type Journal Article
  Year 1988 Publication Int.Ped.Book of Snow Leopards Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume (down) 5 Issue Pages 9-12  
  Keywords Tien-Shan; tracking; feces; ibex; hunting; predator; prey; browse; behavior; 940  
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  Notes Full text available at URLTien Shan High Mountain Physical Geography Staion, Kirghizian Academy of Sciences (Pokrovka) USSRDocument Type: English Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 402 Serial 571  
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Author Jackson, R.; Ahlborn, G.   
  Title Snow leopards (Panthera- uncia) in Nepal – home range and movements Type Journal Article
  Year 1989 Publication National Geographic Research Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume (down) 5 Issue 2 Pages 161-175  
  Keywords Nepal; asia; home-range; movements; Panthera-uncia; snow-leopard; snow leopard; browse; home; range; home range; panthera; panthera uncia; uncia; 840  
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  Notes Addresses:JACKSON R, CALIF INST ENVIRONM STUDIES,SNOW LEOPARD PROJECT,910 K ST,DAVIS,CA 95616 Publisher:NATL GEOGRAPHIC SOC, WASHINGTON Document Type: English Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 128 Serial 441  
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