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| Author | Stidworthy, M.F.; Lewis, J.C.M.; Penderis, J.; Palmer, A.C. | ||||
| Title | Progressive encephalomyelopathy and cerebellar degeneration in a captive-bred snow leopard (Uncia uncia) | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year | 2009 | Publication | The Veterinary Record | Abbreviated Journal | |
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162 | Issue | Pages | 522-524 | |
| Keywords | captive; snow leopard; Uncia uncia | ||||
| Abstract | PROGRESSIVE encephalomyelopathy with cerebellar degeneration has been described in captive cheetahs (Palmer and others 2001) and in young domestic cats (Palmer and Cavanagh 1995). This case report describes the clinical and histopathological findings in a very similar condition affecting a young snow leopard (Uncia uncia) that had been born in a zoological park in eastern England as part of the globally coordinated breeding programme for this critically endangered species. | ||||
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| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 922 | Serial | 937 | ||
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| Author | Slifka, K.; Stacewicz-Sapuntzakis, S.M.; Bowen, P.; Crissey, S. | ||||
| Title | A Survey of Serum and Dietary Carotenoids in Captive Wild Animals | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1999 | Publication | The Journal of Nutrition | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume |
129 | Issue | Pages | 380-390 | |
| Keywords | captive; carotenoids; dietary; Serum; snow leopard; survey; wild; Animals; Animal | ||||
| Abstract | Accumulation of carotenoids varies greatly among animal species and is not fully characterized. Circulating carotenoid concentration data in captive wild animals are limited and may be useful for their management. Serum carotenoid concentrations and dietary intakes were surveyed and the extent of accumulation categorized for 76 species of captive wild animals at Brookfield Zoo. Blood samples were obtained opportunistically from 275 individual animals immobilized for a variety of reasons; serum was analyzed for a- and b-carotene, lutein 1 zeaxanthin, lycopene, b-cryptoxanthin and canthaxanthin. Total carotenoid content of diets was calculated from tables and chemical analyses of commonly consumed dietary components. Diets were categorized as low, moderate or high in carotenoid content as were total serum carotenoid concentrations. Animals were classified as unknown, high, moderate or low (non-) accumulators of dietary cartenoids. Nonaccumulators had total serum carotenoid concentrations of 0-101 nmol/L, whereas accumulators had concentrations that ranged widely, from 225 to 35,351 nmol/L. Primates were uniquely distinguished by the widest range of type and concentration of carotenoids in their sera. Most were classified as high to moderate accumulators. Felids had high accumulation of b-carotene regardless of dietary intake, whereas a wide range of exotic birds accumulated only the xanthophylls, lutein 1 zeaxanthin, canthaxanthin or cryptoxanthin. The exotic ungulates, with the exception of the bovids, had negligible or nondetectable carotenoid serum concentrations despite moderate intakes. Bovids accumulated only b-carotene despite moderately high lutein 1 zeaxanthin intakes. Wild captive species demonstrated a wide variety of carotenoid accumulation patterns, which could be exploited to answer remaining questions concerning carotenoid metabolism and function. |
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| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 257 | Serial | 896 | ||
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| Author | Schmidt, A.M.; Hess, D.L.; Schmidt, M.J.; Smith, R.C.; Lewis, C.R. | ||||
| Title | Serum concentrations of oestradiol and progesterone, and sexual behaviour during the normal oestrous cycle in the leopard (Panthera pardus) | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year | 1988 | Publication | Journal of Reproductive Fertility | Abbreviated Journal | |
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82 | Issue | Pages | 43-49 | |
| Keywords | captive; Ovulation; Panthera pardus; Progesterone; Serum; sexual behaviour | ||||
| Abstract | Three mature nulliparous female leopards were studied for 5 years. During three separate 6-month periods serum oestradiol and progesterone concentrations were measured at weekly intervals. Oestradiol was elevated over 21 pg/ml for 54 weeks during these 3 periods, and 36 oestradiol peaks (65\m=.\8\m=+-\6\m=.\3pg/ml (mean \m=+-\s.e.m.), range 21\p=n-\172pg/ml) were identified. Daily frequency of feline reproductive behaviours averaged over each week increased from 1\m=.\9\m=+-\0\m=.\2(n = 93) during weeks with low serum oestradiol concentrations (<21 pg/ml) to 5\m=.\3\m=+-\0\m=.\6(n = 54) during weeks when serum oestradiol concentrations (>21 pg/ml) were high. Increased serum progesterone concentrations (13\p=n-\98n/gml) were observed on 5 occasions in 2 leopards housed together. These presumptive luteal phases lasted from 1 to 5 weeks. Baseline progesterone values were 1\m=.\6\m=+-\0\m=.\4 ng/m(nl= 131). No progesterone increments were observed in isolated animals, and serum concentrations remained at baseline levels. These limited observations suggest that female leopards do not require intromission to induce ovulation and luteal function. The average interval between oestradiol peaks for cycles with no progesterone increment was 3\m=.\4weeks (range 1\p=n-\6weeks). The interval for the 3 complete cycles associated with elevated progesterone concentrations was 7\m=.\3weeks. Analysis of sexual behaviours over the 5-year study period revealed no evidence of seasonality in these captive leopards. |
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| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 923 | Serial | 873 | ||
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| Author | Sulser, C.E.; Steck, B.L.; Baur, B. | ||||
| Title | Effects of construction noise on behaviour of and exhibit use by Snow leopards Uncia uncia at Basel zoo | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year | 2008 | Publication | International Zoo Yearbook | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume |
42 | Issue | Pages | 199-205 | |
| Keywords | behaviour; captive; construction noise; exhibit use; snow leopard; Uncia uncia; zoo | ||||
| Abstract | Noise caused by human activities can cause stress in animals. We examined whether noise from construction sites affects the behaviour of and exhibit use by three Snow leopards Uncia uncia at Basel zoo. The behaviour and location of the animals were recorded at 1 minute intervals, using the instantaneous scan sampling method over a period of 216 hours (104 hours on noisy days and 112 hours on quiet days). The animals differed individually in their responses to the construction noise. On noisy days, the Snow leopards generally spent less time in locomotion and more time resting, but even on quiet days, resting was the predominant behaviour performed. Under noisy conditions, they increased social resting and decreased resting alone. Walking and social walking were also reduced on noisy days. Furthermore, the Snow leopards spent considerably more time in the remote offexhibit enclosure under noisy conditions. Independent of background noise, they stayed more than half of the time in the caves and the forecourts of the outdoor enclosure. On quiet days, the Snow leopards used more sectors of their exhibit than on noisy days. The results indicate that the Snow leopards responded to construction noise by increasing the amount of time spent resting and by withdrawing to the remote parts of their exhibit. | ||||
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| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 910 | Serial | 943 | ||
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| Author | Espinosa-Aviles, D.; Taylor, M.L.; Del Rocio Reyes-Montes, M.; Pe'rez-Torrez, A. | ||||
| Title | Molecular findings of disseminated histoplasmosis in two captive snow leopards (Uncia uncia) | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year | 2008 | Publication | Journal-of-Zoo-and-Wildlife-Medicine | Abbreviated Journal | |
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39 | Issue | Pages | 450-454 | |
| Keywords | captive; histoplasmosis; Immunohistochemistry; Molecular; snow leopard; Uncia uncia | ||||
| Abstract | This paper reports two cases of disseminated histoplasmosis in captive snow leopards (Uncia uncia). Histoplasmosis was diagnosed based on histopathology, immunohistochemistry, transmission electron microscopy, and molecular findings. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 907 | Serial | 268 | ||
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| Author | Wharton, D.; Mainka, S.A. | ||||
| Title | Management and husbandry of the snow leopard Uncia uncia | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1997 | Publication | International Zoo Yearbook | Abbreviated Journal | |
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35 | Issue | Pages | 139-147 | |
| Keywords | breeding; captive-management; diet; enclosures; housing; husbandry; nutrition; veterinary-care; zoo; browse; veterinary; care; captive; management; 1290 | ||||
| Abstract | The international studbook for the Snow leopard Uncia uncia was established in 1976. The species has been the focus of intensive captive management and as at 1 January 1992, 541 animals were maintained at 160 collections. This paper gives an overview of the diet, housing, breeding and captive management of the species with specific reference to animals maintained in North American collections. A summary of veterinary care reported in the Snow leopard captive-management survey is also given. | ||||
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| Notes | Document Type: English | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 331 | Serial | 1018 | ||
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| Author | Blomqvist, L. | ||||
| Title | Three decades of Snow Leopards Panthera uncia in Captivity | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1995 | Publication | Int.Zoo Yearbook | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume |
34 | Issue | Pages | 178-185 | |
| Keywords | zoo; population; status; genetics; captive-animal-care; propogation; captivity; fertility; recruitment; mortality; browse; captive; Animal; care; 1360 | ||||
| Abstract | The author reports the status of the captive population of snow leopards over the last three decades. Genetic and demographic information is also provided. The captive population as of 1992 was 541 leopards. klf. I | ||||
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| Notes | Document Type: English | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 256 | Serial | 165 | ||
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| Author | Sloane, A.; Kelly, C.; McDavitt, S.; Marples, N. | ||||
| Title | Big cats in captivity: a quantitative analysis of enrichment | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1998 | Publication | Adv.Etho | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume |
33 | Issue | Pages | 43 | |
| Keywords | abnormal-behavior; behavior; captive-animal-care; endangered; threatened-species; zoos; enrichment; abnormal; captive; Animal; care; threatened; species; browse; 1280; study; big; big cats; Cats; cat; zoo; effects; Lions; lion; jaguar; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; behaviour; using; activity; activities; change; presence; enclosures; range; scent; cage; horse; hides; management | ||||
| Abstract | Studies on three species of big cats at Dublin Zoo have led to firm conclusions about the effects of certain forms of enrichment, some of which will be presented here. Lions, jaguars, and snow leopards were studied over two years and their behaviours quantified using focal animal sampling during selected hours during daylight. By comparison of these activity budgets with and without the enrichments being present, it was possible to identify the exact behavioural changes caused by each enrichment method, and to quantify these changes. In this contribution we present results showing that the presence of a platform in both lion and jaguar enclosures dramatically reduced stereotypic pacing behaviour. We will demonstrate that the effects of short term enrichment devices may have a wide range of effects on behaviours which outlast the presence of the stimulus. For instance scents added to the cage, or food/play items such as horse hides, hidden fish or ice-blocks often reduce pacing and increase resting later in the day, even after the cats have ceased using the enrichment items. This reduction in pacing and increase in resting time often meant that the amount of the enclosure used per hour was actually reduced with the presence of new stimuli, as result opposite to what might have been expected. The results of these studies will be discussed in relation to effective animal management. | ||||
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| Notes | WILDLIFE REVIEW ABSTRACTS (“Contributions to the International Symposium on Physiology and Ethology of Wild and Zoo Animals, Berlin, Germany, 7-10 October 1998”; Hofer, Heribert; Pitra, Christian; Hofmann, Reinhold R., editors). | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 349 | Serial | 897 | ||
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| Author | Pfeil, A.; Lucker, H.; Pfeil, I. | ||||
| Title | Leiomyoma in the urinary bladder of a female snow leopard (Uncia uncia, Schreber, 1776) | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2004 | Publication | Tier„rztliche Praxis Kleintiere | Abbreviated Journal | |
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32 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 40-44 |
| Keywords | Bladder; captive; diagnostic; Female; german; leopard; origin; snow-leopard; snow-leopards; snow leopard; snow leopards; surgery; therapy; uncia; Uncia-uncia; Uncia uncia; urinary; veterinary; zoo | ||||
| Abstract | Summary A leiomyoma of the urinary bladder in a 14-year-old female snow leopard exhibiting bloody vaginal discharge was removed by partial cystectomy. Gravel (struvite) was found in the urine of the inflammatory bladder. Additionally ovario-hysterectomy was performed. Histological findings showed a glandular-cystic hyperplasia. Tumors of the bladder are very rare in cats. Specifically the benign tumors of the bladder very often have no clinical relevance and rarely result in bladder dysfunction. Therefore they might remain undiagnosed in many cases, particularly since the diagnostic procedure in big cats is very extensive. Leiomyoma of the bladder in snow leopards have not been described yet. The present paper describes the surgery performed, the succeeding therapy, the struvit prophylaxis, and discusses the aetiology of the leiomyoma's origin on the basis of current literature. Zusammenfassung Bei einer 14-j„hrigen Schneeleopardin mit blutigem Vaginalausfluss wurde ein Leiomyom der Blase durch partielle Zystektomie entfernt. Im Urin und in der entzndeten Blase konnte Grieá (Struvit) nachgewiesen werden. Gleichzeitig wurde eine Ovariohysterektomie durchgefhrt. Der histologische Befund ergab eine glandul„r-zystische Hyperplasie des Endometriums. Tumoren der Harnblase sind bei Katzen sehr selten. Vor allem benigne Blasentumoren haben oft keine klinische Relevanz und fhren selten zu Blasenfunktionsst”rungen. Es ist daher m”glich, dass sie insbesondere bei Groákatzen wegen der aufwendigen Diagnostik bersehen werden. Leiomyome in der Blase sind beim Schneeleoparden bisher nicht beschrieben. In diesem Artikel werden die durchgefhrte Operation, die folgende Therapie und Struvitprophylaxe beschrieben sowie m”gliche Žtiologien der Entstehung des Leiomyoms anhand der Literatur diskutiert. |
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| Notes | In German. Title: Leiomyom in der Blase bei einem weiblichen Schneeleoparden (Uncia uncia, Schreber, 1776). Aus dem Zoologischen Garten Dresden (Direktor: Dr. H. Lcker) und der Tier„rztlichen Klinik Dr. I. Pfeil, Dresden. | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 1055 | Serial | 772 | ||
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| Author | Kazensky, C.A.; Munson, L.; Seal, U.S. | ||||
| Title | The effects of melengestrol acetate on the ovaries of captive wild felids | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1998 | Publication | Journal-of-Zoo-and-Wildlife-Medicine | Abbreviated Journal | |
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29 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 1-5 |
| Keywords | Mga; zoo; felids; contraception; Melengestrol-acetate; ovaries; snow-leopard; Panthera-uncia; snow leopard; browse; uncia; panthera; melengestrol; acetate; 1260; effects; study; ovarian; Ovary; captive; wild; wild felid; Wild-Felid; species; Follicle; Cats; cat; recent; Ovulation; doses; Dose; action; Progestin; Disease; veterinary | ||||
| Abstract | Melengestrol acetate (MGA) is the most widely used contraceptive in zoo felids, but the mechanism of contraception and the pathologic effects have not been investigated. For this study, the effects of MGA on folliculogenesis were assessed, and the association of MGA with ovarian lesions was evaluated. Comparisons were made among the histopathologic findings in the ovaries from 88 captive wild felids (representing 15 species) divided into three groups: 37 currently contracepted with MGA, eight previously exposed to MGA, and 43 never contracepted. Ninety-one percent of the felids evaluated had tertiary follicles, and no differences were noted between contracepted and uncontracepted cats. Some MGA-contracepted cats also had corpora lutea indicating recent ovulation. These results indicate that folliculogenesis is not suppressed by current doses of MGA and ovulation occurred in some cats. Therefore, the contraceptive actions of MGA do not occur by suppressing folliculogenesis, and MGA-contracepted felids likely have endogenous estrogens that may confound progestin effects on the uterus. Cystic rete ovarii was the most common pathologic finding, but they were not more prevalent in MGA-contracepted cats. These findings indicate that MGA is not associated with ovarian disease, including ovarian cancer, in contrast to the uterine lesions noted in MGA-treated cats. | ||||
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| Notes | Document Type: English. Affiliation: Taylor Veterinary Hospital, Turlock , California 95382, USA | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 348 | Serial | 527 | ||
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| Author | Clyde, V.L.; Ramsay, E.C.; Bemis, D.A. | ||||
| Title | Fecal shedding of Salmonella in exotic felids | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1997 | Publication | J.Zoo Wildl.Med | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume |
28 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 148-152 |
| Keywords | antibiotics; captive-animal-care; diarrhea; endangered; threatened-species; handling-methods; mammals parasites; Diseases; salmonella; zoos; snow-leopard; leopard; salmonellosis; husbandry; captive; Animal; care; threatened; species; handling; mammals; parasites; snow; browse; 1320 | ||||
| Abstract | The authors discuss the occurrence of salmonellosis in collections of exotic felids. Data suggest that zoo employees having contact with cat feces or raw diets have a high rate of occupational exposure to Salmonella and should exercise appropriate hygienic precautions. pcp | ||||
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| Notes | Milwaukee Cty. Zoo, Milwaukee, WI 53226 Document Type: English | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 304 | Serial | 227 | ||
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| Author | Blomqvist, L. | ||||
| Title | The 1978 register for the captive population of snow leopards, Panthera uncia | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1979 | Publication | International Zoo News | Abbreviated Journal | |
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26 | Issue | 7-8 | Pages | 17-23 |
| Keywords | captive; captive-population; Panthera-uncia; panthera uncia; population; snow leopard | ||||
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| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 955 | Serial | 147 | ||
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| Author | Guerrero, D. | ||||
| Title | Animal behavior concerns & solutions: snow leopard (Uncia uncia) evaluation, zoo | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1998 | Publication | Anim.Keepers' Forum | Abbreviated Journal | |
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25 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 56-58 |
| Keywords | aggressive-behavior; behavior; captive-animal-care; diets; endangered; threatened-species; genetics; handling-methods; intraspecies-relationships; social-behavior; husbandry; zoos; snow leopard; aggressive; captive; Animal; care; threatened; species; handling; methods; intraspecies; relationships; social; browse; 1310 | ||||
| Abstract | The author offers advice on how a captive-raised snow leopard cub could be acclimated to humans so it could be used as a zoo “ambassador”. The cub had negative experiences with humans and lacked socialization with other animals and conspecifics. Methods of avoiding and redirecting the cub's aggressive behavior are suggested. lgh. | ||||
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| Notes | Ark Anim., Inc., P.O. Box 1154, Escondido, CA 92033-1154. e-mail: arkabc@arkanimals.com Document Type: English | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 338 | Serial | 358 | ||
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| Author | Reed-Smith, J.; Kumpf, M. | ||||
| Title | Snow leopards (Uncia uncia): family group management alternatives | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1998 | Publication | Anim.Keepers' Forum | Abbreviated Journal | |
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25 | Issue | 10 | Pages | 386-391 |
| Keywords | behavior; captive-animal-care; endangered; threatened-species; intraspecies-relationships; mammals; techniques; zoos; snow leopard; husbandry; browse; captive; Animal; care; threatened; species; intraspecies; relationships; 1300 | ||||
| Abstract | The authors offer insights into creating family groups of snow leopards in zoos. The programs at the Denver Zoo, Denver, Colorado, and at John Ball Zoological Gardens, Grand Rapids, Michigan, are highlighted. lgh. | ||||
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| Notes | Document Type: English | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 340 | Serial | 814 | ||
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| Author | Freeman, H. | ||||
| Title | A preliminary study of the behaviour of captive snow leopards (Panthera uncia) | Type | Book Chapter | ||
| Year | 1974 | Publication | International Zoo Yearbook | Abbreviated Journal | |
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15 | Issue | Pages | 217-222 | |
| Keywords | study; behaviour; captive; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; panthera; panthera uncia; Panthera-uncia; uncia; International; zoo | ||||
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| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 1010 | Serial | 313 | ||
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| Author | Graham, L.H.; Goodrowe, K.L.; Raeside, J.I.; Liptrap, R.M. | ||||
| Title | Non-invasive monitoring of ovarian function in several felid species by measurement of fecal estradiol-17-beta and progestins | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1995 | Publication | Zoo Biology | Abbreviated Journal | |
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14 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 223-237 |
| Keywords | Artificial-Breeding-Program; captive-management; Estradiol-17beta; Pregnancy; Progesterone; Progestin; sexual-behavior; genetics; zoo; medicine; veterinary; snow-leopard; feces; fecal-analysis; snow leopard; artificial; breeding; program; captive; management; Estradiol; 17beta; sexual; behavior; browse; snow; leopard; fecal; analysis; 1390 | ||||
| Abstract | An extraction and assay procedure to measure fecal estradiol-17-beta and progestin concentrations in several cat species was developed and validated for use for noninvasive monitoring of ovarian function. Fecal samples were collected over a range of 3-20 months from female tigers (three), lions (three), snow leopards (three), cheetahs (two), caracals (two), and domestic cats (five). Samples were extracted with 90% methanol, lipids removed with petroleum ether, and the estradiol and progestins in the methanol measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA). High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) fractionation and subsequent RIA of the fractions indicated that the estradiol-17-beta antiserum cross-reacted primarily with estradiol-17-beta in the feces of lions and tigers and was assumed to be specific for estradiol-17-beta in the feces of other species as well. However, there were several immunoreactive compounds, presumably progesterone metabolites, excreted in the feces which varied both quantitatively and qualitatively among species. The behavior of tigers, lions, cheetahs, and caracals was visually monitored during the collection period and frequency of sexual behaviors was positively correlated with increases in fecal estradiol in all species observed. The mean fecal estradiol-17-beta peaks were as follows: tigers, 128.0 +- 13.1; lions, 186.0 +- 14.8; snow leopards, 136.7 +- 15.9; cheetahs, 140.9 +- 9.0; caracals, 24.5 +- 4.0; and domestic cats 158.9 +- 19.3 ng/gm. Fecal progestin concentrations rose significantly (P lt 0,001) only after breeding or during pregnancy and were as follows: tigers, 5.6 +- 0.6; lions, 1.9 +- 0.1; cheetahs, 8.4 +- 1.1; and caracals, 2.4 +- 0.4 mu-g/gm. Fecal progestins were elevated for one-half to two-thirds of the gestation length during presumed pseudopregnancy but remained elevated throughout successful pregnancies. These results suggest that ovarian function can be monitored noninvasively in the family Felidae by the measurement of fecal estradiol-17-beta and progestin concentrations. | ||||
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| Notes | Document Type: English | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 279 | Serial | 345 | ||
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| Author | Burgener, N.; Gusset, M.; Schmid, H. | ||||
| Title | Frustrated appetitive foraging behavior, stereotypic pacing, and fecal glucocorticoid levels in snow leopards (Uncia uncia) in the Zurich Zoo | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year | 2008 | Publication | Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume |
11 | Issue | Pages | 74-83 | |
| Keywords | behavior; captive; fecal; feeding strategy; physiological; snow leopard; zoo | ||||
| Abstract | This study hypothesized that permanently frustrated, appetitive-foraging behavior caused the stereotypic pacing regularly observed in captive carnivores. Using 2 adult female snow leopards (Uncia uncia), solitarily housed in the Zurich Zoo, the study tested this hypothesis experimentally with a novel feeding method: electronically controlled, time-regulated feeding boxes. The expected result of employing this active foraging device as a successful coping strategy was reduced behavioral and physiological measures of stress, compared with a control-feeding regime without feeding boxes. The study assessed this through behavioral observations and by evaluating glucocorticoid levels noninvasively from feces. Results indicated that the 2 snow leopards did not perform successful coping behavior through exercising active foraging behavior or through displaying the stereotypic pacing. The data support a possible explanation: The box-feeding method did not provide the 2 snow leopards with the external stimuli to satisfy their appetitive behavioral needs. Moreover, numerous other factors not necessarily or exclusively related to appetitive behavior could have caused and influenced the stereotypic pacing. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 915 | Serial | 202 | ||
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| Author | Blomqvist, L. | ||||
| Title | Captive status of the snow leopard in Europe 2001 | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year | 2003 | Publication | International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume |
8 | Issue | Pages | 27-30 | |
| Keywords | captive; status; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 918 | Serial | 170 | ||
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| Author | Nishine, Y. | ||||
| Title | Development of the captive breeding programme (SSCJ) in Japan 1997-2001 | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year | 2003 | Publication | International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume |
8 | Issue | Pages | 25-26 | |
| Keywords | captive; captive breeding; Japan | ||||
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| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 925 | Serial | 722 | ||
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| Author | Nishine, Y. | ||||
| Title | The captive snow leopard programme (SSCJ) in Japan | Type | Book Chapter | ||
| Year | 1998 | Publication | International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume |
7 | Issue | Pages | 21-25 | |
| Keywords | captive; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; Japan; International; pedigree; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards | ||||
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| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Helsinki Zoo | Place of Publication | Helsinki | Editor | Blomqvist, L. |
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 1089 | Serial | 721 | ||
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| Author | Waits, L.P.; Buckley-Beason, V.A.; Johnson, W.E.; Onorato, D.; McCarthy, T. | ||||
| Title | A select panel of polymorphic microsatellite loci for individual identification of snow leopards (Panthera uncia) | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year | 2006 | Publication | Molecular Ecology Notes | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume |
7 | Issue | Pages | 311-314 | |
| Keywords | identification; leopard; leopards; microsatellites,noninvasive genetic sampling,Panthera uncia,snow leopard; panthera; Panthera-uncia; panthera uncia; snow; snow-leopard; snow-leopards; snow leopard; snow leopards; uncia; endangered; carnivores; carnivore; mountain; region; central; Central Asia; asia; methods; conservation; management; Molecular; individual identification; Hair; domestic; cat; felis; captive; number; probability; using; wild | ||||
| Abstract | Snow leopards (Panthera uncia) are elusive endangered carnivores found in remote mountain regions of Central Asia. New methods for identifying and counting snow leopards are needed for conservation and management efforts. To develop molecular genetic tools for individual identification of hair and faecal samples, we screened 50 microsatellite loci developed for the domestic cat (Felis catus) in 19 captive snow leopards. Forty-eight loci were polymorphic with numbers of alleles per locus ranging from two to 11. The probability of observing matching genotypes for unrelated individuals (2.1 x10-11) and siblings (7.5x10-5) using the 10 most polymorphic loci was low, suggesting that this panel would easily discriminate among individuals in the wild. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 865 | Serial | 1001 | ||
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| Author | Barnett, K.C.; Lewis, J.C.M. | ||||
| Title | Multiple ocular colobomas in the snow leopard (Uncia uncia) | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year | 2002 | Publication | Veterinary Ophthalmology | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume |
5 | Issue | Pages | 197-199 | |
| Keywords | captive; Coloboma; cub; eyelid; ocular fundus; snow leopard; Uncia uncia | ||||
| Abstract | Two singleton female snow leopard cubs are reported with bilateral central upper lid colobomas. In addition, one cub had a coloboma of the fundus in one eye extending from the lower optic disc region. Surgical treatment by wedge resection was successful in both cases. Details of ocular colobomas in the other snow leopards reported in the literature are described and it is suggested that the exact etiology of the condition in this species may be discovered by further study of similar colobomas in the domestic cat. | ||||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 913 | Serial | 119 | ||
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| Author | Vogt, P. | ||||
| Title | New enclosures for snow leopards (Uncia uncia) at Krefeld Zoo | Type | Book Chapter | ||
| Year | 1982 | Publication | International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards, Vol. 3 | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume |
3 | Issue | Pages | 67-70 | |
| Keywords | captive; enclosures; International; pedigree; snow-leopard; snow-leopards; snow leopard; snow leopards; uncia; Uncia-uncia; Uncia uncia; zoo | ||||
| Abstract | |||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Helsinki Zoo | Place of Publication | Helsinki | Editor | Blomqvist, L. |
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 1041 | Serial | 988 | ||
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| Author | Rieger, I. | ||||
| Title | Breeding ounces, Uncia uncia (Schreber, 1775) in zoological gardens | Type | Book Chapter | ||
| Year | 1982 | Publication | International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards, Vol. 3 | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume |
3 | Issue | Pages | 49-50 | |
| Keywords | breeding; captive; International; ounce; pedigree; snow-leopard; snow-leopards; snow leopard; uncia; Uncia-uncia; Uncia uncia; zoo; zoological; zoological-gardens; zoological gardens | ||||
| Abstract | |||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Helsinki Zoo | Place of Publication | Helsinki | Editor | Blomqvist, L. |
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 1038 | Serial | 822 | ||
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| Author | Phillips, L.; Simmons, L.; Newton Kelley, E. | ||||
| Title | Endodontics as a tool to compatibility in snow leopard pairings | Type | Book Chapter | ||
| Year | 1982 | Publication | International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards, Vol. 3 | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume |
3 | Issue | Pages | 127-128 | |
| Keywords | breeding; captive; International; pedigree; snow leopard; zoo | ||||
| Abstract | |||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Helsinki Zoo | Place of Publication | Helsinki | Editor | Blomqvist, L. |
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
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| ISSN | ISBN | Medium | |||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 1036 | Serial | 773 | ||
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