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	Author	Woodland Park Zoo
	Title	Snow leopard exhibit plan			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year		Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	snow leopard, captivity, Woodland Park Zoo, Seattle
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @			Serial	1273
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	Author	Bagchi, S., Mishra, C., Bhatnagar, Y.V., McCarthy, T.
	Title	Out of Steppe? Pastoralism and ibex conservation in Spiti.			Type	Report
	Year	2002	Publication	CERC Technical Report No. 7	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	steppe, snow leopard, pastoral, conservation, ibex, Spiti, India
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author	Nature Conservation Foundation, India; Wildlife Institute of India, International Snow Leopard Trust, Seattle			Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @			Serial	1274
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	Author	Woodland Park Zoological Gardens
	Title	Symposium held on snow leopard			Type	Magazine Article
	Year	1982	Publication	Woodland Park Zoological Gardens Newsletter	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	1-3
	Keywords	captive, zoo, snow leopard
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author	Woodland Park Zoological Gardens			Thesis
	Publisher	Woodland Park Zoological Gardens	Place of Publication	Seattle, Washington	Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @			Serial	1286
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	Author	Freeman, H.
	Title	Phantom cat			Type	Magazine Article
	Year	1979	Publication	Puget Soundings	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	8-13
	Keywords	captive, zoo, Woodland Park Zoo, snow leopard
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Junior League of Seattle	Place of Publication	Seattle, Washington	Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @			Serial	1288
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	Author	Richardson, N.
	Title	The snow leopard: ghost of the mountains			Type	Newspaper Article
	Year	2010	Publication	The telegraph	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue	16 Dec 2010	Pages
	Keywords	Mongolia, Snow Leopard Trust, Panthera, snow leopard, research
	Abstract	Snow leopards face the threats of poaching, habitat loss and diminishing prey. In remotest Mongolia, a research team is keeping tabs on this iconic and elusive species.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	http://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/wildlife/8207266/The-snow-leopard-ghost-of-the-mountains.html			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @			Serial	1292
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Gronberg, E.
	Title	Movement patterns of snow leopard (Panthera uncia) around kills based on GPS location clusters			Type	Report
	Year	2011	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	snow leopard, Panthera, Mongolia, Snow Leopard Trust, predator, prey, kill, behavior
	Abstract	Research concerning movement patterns of wild animals has been advancing since GPS technology arrived. But studying the snow leopard (Panthera uncia) is still difficult because of the harsh territory it inhabits in Central Asia. This study took place in south Gobi, Mongolia, and aimed to estimate the time spent at kills and the maximum distance away from kills between visits. Snow leopards were monitored with GPS collars that took a location every five or seven hours. Potential kill sites were established by identifying clusters of GPS-locations in ArcGIS and visited in the field for confirmation. ArcGIS was used to calculate the distance between cluster and GPS-locations. I used two buffer zones (100 m and 500 m radius) to define the time snow leopards spent at kills. It was found that snow leopard age and prey category affected time spent at kills and also that snow leopard sex together with prey category affected the maximum distance moved away from kills between visits. Season had no significant effect on either time at kills or distance moved away from kills between visits. Snow leopards spent on average 3.2 days at their kills in the 100 m buffer zone and 3.5 days at their kills in the 500 m buffer zone. Subadults stayed longer at kills than adults and animals of both age categories spent longer time on larger prey. The mean maximum distance moved away from kills between visits was 179 m in the 100 m buffer zone and 252 m in the 500 m buffer zone. Female snow leopards moved further away from kills between visits than male snow leopards. Both the number of days spent on kills and maximum distance moved away from kills between visits increased when kills consisted of more than one animal. This study has provided some basic information on snow leopard behaviors around their kills but also highlights the need to monitor more snow leopards before more solid conclusions can be drawn as this study was based on based on a relatively small sample.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis	Master's thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources and Agricultural Sciences, Department of Ecology, Grimsö Wildlife Research Station			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @			Serial	1301
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	Author	WWF Russia & Mongolia
	Title	WWF Newsletter Altai-Sayan Ecoregion January – March 2011			Type	Report
	Year	2011	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue	15	Pages	13
	Keywords	snow leopard, Mongolia, hunting
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author	WWF Russia & Mongolia			Thesis
	Publisher	WWF Russia & Mongolia	Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @			Serial	1309
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	Author	Mazoomdaar, J.
	Title	Cat Among the People			Type	Magazine Article
	Year	2011	Publication	Open	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue	8 August	Pages	40-45
	Keywords	snow leopard, India, Bhatnagar, Chundawat, Nature Conservation Foundation, Hemis, Kibber, Himmel
	Abstract
	Address	www.openthemagazine.com
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	http://openthemagazine.com/article/nation/cat-among-the-people			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @			Serial	1358
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	Author	Suryawanshi, K., K.
	Title	Sunshine and the Shadow			Type	Magazine Article
	Year	2011	Publication	Hornbill	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue	April-June	Pages	34-37
	Keywords	Spiti, Himachal Pradesh, India, snow leopard, sighting, observation, blue sheep, Pseudois nayaur
	Abstract	Kulbhushansingh Suryawanshi shares an update on his blog which describes snow leopard sightings in Spiti, Himachal Pradesh, while studying the foraging behavior and eating habits of blue sheep (Pseudois nayaur).
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @			Serial	1360
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	Author	WWF Russia & Mongolia
	Title	WWF Newsletter Altai-Sayan Ecoregion July – September 2011			Type	Report
	Year	2011	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue	17	Pages	1-22
	Keywords	snow leopard, Mongolia, hunting, argali, Land of the Snow Leopard, Altai-Sayan, Russia, poaching, reserve,
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @			Serial	1363
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	Author	Chalise, M.K.
	Title	Snow Leopard (Uncia uncia), Prey Species and Outreach in Langtang National, Park, Nepal			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2011	Publication	Our Nature	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue	9	Pages	138-145
	Keywords	Snow leopard, Langtang, prey species, threats, outreach.
	Abstract	Presence of snow leopard (Uncia uncia) in Langtang National Park was obscure till 2003. It was confirmed by a research team trained for the wildlife biology in the field. Along with the study of ecology and behavior of snow leopard sufficient effort were made to generate data on pre species. The study also dealt with threat perceived for the leopard survival while basic unit of conservation- local outreach programs were also initiated.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rakhee @			Serial	1388
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	Author	MaMing, R . Feng, Xu. Yun, Cheng et al.
	Title	Snow Leopards in Xinjiang			Type	Book Whole
	Year	2013	Publication	Science Press	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	1-588
	Keywords	Snow Leopards, China
	Abstract	The snow leopard Uncia uncia is a globally endangered species, occurring in China and 11 neighboring countries, with a total population of 3500-7000 individuals. China is very important for Snow Leopards, as it contains both the more than half of the distribution area and the largest remaining population. However, like other big cats, the density is very low, perhaps less than 1 individual per 100 square kilometers in the western mountains of China. This book first reviewed ten years of research by Xinjiang Snow Leopard Team (XSLT), and it contains over 300 figures including maps, illustrations, pictures and photos, 46 tables as well as more than a thousand references and 1100 key words in the index. In the past ten years, XSLT has received much support and funding from the Snow Leopard Trust (SLT) and the Xinjiang Conservation Fund (XCF). In this regard, the Chinese government has not yet given one cent to support the Xinjiang Snow Leopard Project. Our situation is very difficult indeed, and it is hoped that this book will inspire future government support. There are many topics discussed in this work including a decade of successes or failures with the Snow Leopard Survival Strategy (SLSS from 2002 to 2012). The authors also present findings from every International Snow Leopard Conference (1978-2008), the stories of 14 experts, the big events of conservation and research (1776-2012), and many questions for future research in the appendix. This is the first work about snow leopards in China. It is a popular scientific book that covers snow leopard monitoring, research, conservation and management, and it could also be very helpful to nature reserve staff and scientists as well as students, teachers, outdoor explorers, volunteers and cat lovers. The book contains the following: preface, table of contents (in English), and chapters on the ancient records of snow leopards; their place in the family of big cats; research methods and field logs for snow leopards; their population size and distribution in China; biological knowledge, conservation and management of snow leopards; their presence in zoos; Nature Reserves in Xinjiang, the experiences of snow leopard conservation in other countries; appendix; index; and afterword (ISBN 978-7-03-036723-5, the book was published in March 2013 with total of 616 pages and approximately 0.77 million Chinese words, price: RMB 145.00 Yuan).
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rakhee @			Serial	1390
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	Author	Ming, M. Feng, Xu. Yun, Cheng et al.
	Title	Snow Leopards in Xinjiang			Type	Book Whole
	Year	2013	Publication	Science Press	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	1-588
	Keywords	Snow Leopards, China
	Abstract	The snow leopard Uncia uncia is a globally endangered species, occurring in China and 11 neighboring countries, with a total population of 3500-7000 individuals. China is very important for Snow Leopards, as it contains both the more than half of the distribution area and the largest remaining population. However, like other big cats, the density is very low, perhaps less than 1 individual per 100 square kilometers in the western mountains of China. This book first reviewed ten years of research by Xinjiang Snow Leopard Team (XSLT), and it contains over 300 figures including maps, illustrations, pictures and photos, 46 tables as well as more than a thousand references and 1100 key words in the index. In the past ten years, XSLT has received much support and funding from the Snow Leopard Trust (SLT) and the Xinjiang Conservation Fund (XCF). In this regard, the Chinese government has not yet given one cent to support the Xinjiang Snow Leopard Project. Our situation is very difficult indeed, and it is hoped that this book will inspire future government support. There are many topics discussed in this work including a decade of successes or failures with the Snow Leopard Survival Strategy (SLSS from 2002 to 2012). The authors also present findings from every International Snow Leopard Conference (1978-2008), the stories of 14 experts, the big events of conservation and research (1776-2012), and many questions for future research in the appendix. This is the first work about snow leopards in China. It is a popular scientific book that covers snow leopard monitoring, research, conservation and management, and it could also be very helpful to nature reserve staff and scientists as well as students, teachers, outdoor explorers, volunteers and cat lovers. The book contains the following: preface, table of contents (in English), and chapters on the ancient records of snow leopards; their place in the family of big cats; research methods and field logs for snow leopards; their population size and distribution in China; biological knowledge, conservation and management of snow leopards; their presence in zoos; Nature Reserves in Xinjiang, the experiences of snow leopard conservation in other countries; appendix; index; and afterword (ISBN 978-7-03-036723-5, the book was published in March 2013 with total of 616 pages and approximately 0.77 million Chinese words, price: RMB 145.00 Yuan).
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rakhee @			Serial	1391
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	Author	Underwood, R.
	Title	The snow leopard, and its association with the dawn of wildlife management in India			Type	Book Chapter
	Year	2013	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	1-10
	Keywords	Snow Leopard,wildlife management,colonial forestry,forest and land management
	Abstract	As part of a project looking at the history of ‘colonial forestry’ I have been studying forest and land management in India during the period from about 1860 to 1920. The subject is of interest because the forest conservation policies and management practices developed in India at that time later became a template for early forest policies and practices in Australia (where I have worked nearly all of my life as a forester), New Zealand, South Africa and the United States of America. An unexpected outcome of my research was to find that 19th and early 20th century Indian foresters were also deeply concerned about Indian wildlife, and that in their published writings on this issue can be discerned some of the earliest concepts of professional wildlife management. The outcome was unexpected because a notable aspect of forestry in India in the 19th century was the widespread love of hunting wild animals, or shikar, amongst officers of the Indian Forest Service. Sometimes this was done in the line of duty, a forester being called out to dispatch a rogue elephant or a man-eating tiger. But hunting was also regarded by many (especially those who had transferred from the Army into the Forest Service) as a sport, a contest between man and beast. And despite his firepower, it was a contest in which 19th century man did not always come out on top.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rakhee @			Serial	1392
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	Author	Thapa, K., Pradhan, N, M, B., Barker, J., Dhakal, M., Bhandari, A, R., Gurung, G, S., Rai, D, P., Thapa, G, J., Shrestha, S., Singh, G, R.
	Title	High elevation record of a leopard cat in the Kangchenjunga Conservation Area, Nepal			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2013	Publication	Cat News	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue	No 58	Pages	26-27
	Keywords	leopard cat, camera trapping survey, Nepal
	Abstract	During a camera trapping survey in Khambachen valley of Kangchenjunga Conservation Area KCA from 24 April to 26 May 2012 we camera trapped one leopard cat Prionailurus bengalensis at an altitude of 4,474 meter. This is probably the highest altitudinal record for the species in its range. Additionally, one melanistic leopard Panthera pardus was captured at an altitude of 4,300 m, which is probably as well the highest documented record in the country. Yet at this stage, no obvious reason can explain these unusual high records for both species, thus more surveys are recommended for this region.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rakhee @			Serial	1394
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	Author	Maming, R.
	Title	Market prices for the tissues and organs of snow leopards in China			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2012	Publication	Selevinia	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue	20	Pages	119-122
	Keywords	trade; cases; products; prices; bazaars; snow leopards; extinction; Xinjiang
	Abstract	The population of snow leopard (Uncia uncia) is plummeting as waterfall in the last ten years. The illegal trade of snow leopard products is one of the fatal factors. The biggest range and the biggest population of snow leopard both are in China, and the largest trade is also in the country. Through questionnaires and investigation with informants from 2002 to 2012, a lot of data were collected through variety ways in different regions. In this paper 387 cases of snow leopard poaching including smuggling routes, product list, price system and product usages from Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region were collected for analysis and discussion. In the face of rapid development in the west of China, the results showed that our government did not try to protect the snow leopards, and the text of law was practically useless. International organizations such as WWF, WCS, IUCN, PANTHERA, SLT & SLN with SLSS were also powerless and helpless to stop snow leopard poaching and trading. As a result, the fate of the snow leopard is very bad, and this is worrying.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rakhee @			Serial	1395
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	Author	Ale, S., Shrestha, B., and Jackson, R.
	Title	On the status of Snow Leopard Panthera Uncia (Schreber 1775) in Annapurna, Nepal			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2014	Publication	Journal of Threatened Taxa	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue	6(3)	Pages	5534-5543
	Keywords	Annapurna, Blue Sheep, Buddhism, camera-trapping, Himalayas, Mustang, sign-survey, Snow Leopard.
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rakhee @			Serial	1407
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	Author	Ferretti, F., Lovari, S., Minder, I., Pellizzi, B.
	Title	Recovery of the snow leopard in Sagarmatha (Mt.Everest) National Park: effects on main prey			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2014	Publication	European Journal of Wildlife Research	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue	60	Pages	559-562
	Keywords	Predator–prey relationships . Small populations . Snow leopard . Himalayan tahr
	Abstract	Consequences of predation may be particularly heavy on small populations of herbivores, especially if they are threatened with extinction. Over the 2006–2010 period, we documented the effects of the spontaneous return of the endangered snow leopard on the population of the vulnerable Himalayan tahr. The study area was an area of central Himalaya where this cat disappeared c. 40 years before, because of persecution by man. Snow leopards occurred mainly in areas close to the core area of tahr distribution. Tahr was the staple (56.3 %) of snow leopards. After the arrival of this cat, tahr decreased by more than 2/3 from 2003 to 2010 (mainly through predation on kids). Subsequently, the density of snow leopards decreased by 60%from2007 to 2010. The main prey of snow leopards in Asia (bharal, marmots) were absent in our study area, forcing snow leopards to specialize on tahr. The restoration of a complete prey spectrum should be favoured through reintroductions, to conserve large carnivores and to reduce exploitation of small populations of herbivores, especially if threatened.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rakhee @			Serial	1408
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	Author	Mishra, C., Suryawanshi, K.
	Title	Managing conflicts over livestock depradation by Large Carnivores			Type	Book Chapter
	Year	2014	Publication	SOUTH ASIAN ASSOCIATION FOR REGIONAL COOPERATION – Human-Wildlife Conflict in the Mountains of SAARC Region – Compilation of Successful Management Strategies and Practices	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	27-47
	Keywords	Snow leopard Panthera uncia, wolf Canis lupus, Himalayas, Central Asia
	Abstract	Managing wildlife-caused damage to human interests has become an important aspect of contemporary conservation management. Conflicts between pastoralism and carnivore conservation over livestock depredation pose a serious challenge to endangered carnivores worldwide, and have become an important livelihood concern locally. Here, we first review the primary causes of these conflicts, their socio-ecological correlates, and commonly employed mitigation measures. We then describe a community-based program to manage conflicts over livestock depredation by snow leopards Panthera uncia and wolves Canis lupus. A threats-based conceptual model of conflict management is presented. Conflicts over livestock depredation are characterized by complex, multi-scale interactions between carnivore and livestock behavioral ecology, animal husbandry, human psyche, culture, world-views, and socio-economic and education levels of affected peoples. A diversity of commonly employed conflict-mitigation measures is available. They aim at (i) reducing livestock depredation through better livestock herding, use of physical, chemical or psychological barriers, removal of carnivores, and use of livestock guard animals, (ii) offsetting economic losses through damage compensation and insurance programmes, and (iii) increasing peoples’ tolerance of carnivores through indirect approaches such as conservation education and economic incentives. For effective management, conflicts need to be understood along two important dimensions, viz., the reality of damage caused to humans, and the psyche and perceptions of humans who suffer wildlife caused damage. The efficacy of commonly used mitigation measures is variable. A combination of measures that reduce the level of livestock depredation, share or offset economic losses, and improve the social carrying capacity for carnivores will be more effective in managing conflicts than standalone measures
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rakhee @			Serial	1424
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Tumursukh, L., Suryawanshi, K. R., Mishra, C., McCarthy, T. M., Boldgiv, B.
	Title	Status of the mountain ungulate prey of the Endangered snow leopard Panthera uncia in the Tost Local Protected Area, South Gobi, Mongolia			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2015	Publication	Oryx	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	1-6
	Keywords	Argali, Central Asia, double-observer survey, ibex, Panthera uncia, snow leopard, ungulate prey
	Abstract	The availability of wild prey is a critical predictor of carnivore density. However, few conservation pro- grammes have focused on the estimation and monitoring of wild ungulate populations and their trends, especially in the remote mountains of Central Asia. We conducted double-observer surveys to estimate the populations of ibex Capra sibirica and argali Ovis ammon in the mountain- ous regions of Tost Local Protected Area, South Gobi prov- ince, Mongolia, which is being considered for designation as a Nature Reserve. We also conducted demographic surveys of the more abundant ibex to examine their sex-ratio and the survival of young during –. The estimated ibex population remained stable in  and  and the es- timated argali population increased from  in  to  in . The biomass of wild ungulates was c. % that of live- stock. Mortality in young ibex appeared to increase after weaning, at the age of  months. We estimated the popula- tion of wild ungulates was sufficient to support – adult snow leopards Panthera uncia. The adult snow leopard population in our study area during –, estimated independently using camera-trap-based mark–recapture methods, was –. Based on our results we identify the Tost Local Protected Area as an important habitat for the conservation of these ungulates and their predator, the Endangered snow leopard, and recommend elevation of its status to a Nature Reserve.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rakhee @			Serial	1425
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	Author	Alexander, J. S., Gopalswamy, A. M., Shi, K., Riordan, P.
	Title	Face Value: Towards Robust Estimates of Snow Leopard Densities			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2015	Publication	Plos One	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Densities, Snow Leopard, Camera traps, Spatial Capture Recapture models
	Abstract	When densities of large carnivores fall below certain thresholds, dramatic ecological effects can follow, leading to oversimplified ecosystems. Understanding the population status of such species remains a major challenge as they occur in low densities and their ranges are wide. This paper describes the use of non-invasive data collection techniques combined with recent spatial capture-recapture methods to estimate the density of snow leopards Panthera uncia. It also investigates the influence of environmental and human activity indicators on their spatial distribution. A total of 60 camera traps were systematically set up during a three-month period over a 480 km2 study area in Qilianshan National Nature Reserve, Gansu Province, China. We recorded 76 separate snow leopard captures over 2,906 trapdays, representing an average capture success of 2.62 captures/100 trap-days. We identified a total number of 20 unique individuals from photographs and estimated snow leopard density at 3.31 (SE = 1.01) individuals per 100 km2. Results of our simulation exercise indicate that our estimates from the Spatial Capture Recapture models were not optimal to respect to bias and precision (RMSEs for density parameters less or equal to 0.87). Our results underline the critical challenge in achieving sufficient sample sizes of snow leopard captures and recaptures. Possible performance improvements are discussed, principally by optimising effective camera capture and photographic data quality.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rakhee @			Serial	1431
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	Author	Alexander, J. S., Shi, K., Tallents, L. A., Riordan, P.
	Title	On the high trail: examining determinants of site use by the Endangered snow leopard Panthera uncia in Qilianshan, China			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2015	Publication	Oryx	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue	Fauna & Flora International	Pages	1-8
	Keywords	Camera Trap, China, Detection Probability, Occupancy Modelling, Panthera Uncia, Site use, Snow Leopard
	Abstract	Abstract There is a need for simple and robust techniques for assessment and monitoring of populations of the Endangered snow leopard Panthera uncia to inform the de- velopment of action plans for snow leopard conservation. We explored the use of occupancy modelling to evaluate the influence of environmental and anthropogenic features on snow leopard site-use patterns. We conducted a camera trap survey across  km in Gansu Province, China, and used data from  camera traps to estimate probabilities of site use and detection using the single season occupancy model. We assessed the influence of three covariates on site use by snow leopards: elevation, the presence of blue sheep Pseudois nayaur and the presence of human disturb- ance (distance to roads). We recorded  captures of snow leopards over , trap-days, representing a mean capture success of . captures per  trap-days. Elevation had the strongest influence on site use, with the probability of site use increasing with altitude, whereas the influence of presence of prey and distance to roads was relatively weak. Our findings indicate the need for practical and robust tech- niques to appraise determinants of site use by snow leo- pards, especially in the context of the limited resources available for such work.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rakhee @			Serial	1433
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	Author	Alexander, J. S., Cusack, J. J., Pengju, C, Kun, S., Riordan, P.
	Title	Conservation of snow leopards: spill-over benefits for other carnivores?			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2015	Publication	Oryx	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue	Fauna & Flora International	Pages	1-5
	Keywords	China, conservation, Eurasian lynx, grey wolf, red fox, snow leopard
	Abstract	In high-altitude settings of Central Asia the Endangered snow leopard Panthera uncia has been recognized as a potential umbrella species. As a first step in assessing the potential benefits of snow leopard conservation for other carnivores, we sought a better understanding of the presence of other carnivores in areas occupied by snow leopards in China’s Qilianshan National Nature Reserve. We used camera-trap and sign surveys to examine whether other carnivores were using the same travel routes as snow leopards at two spatial scales. We also considered temporal interactions between species. Our results confirm that other carnivores, including the red fox Vulpes vulpes, grey wolf Canis lupus, Eurasian lynx Lynx lynx and dhole Cuon alpinus, occur along snow leopard travel routes, albeit with low detection rates. Even at the smaller scale of our camera trap survey all five carnivores (snow leopard, lynx, wolf, red fox and dhole) were observed. Kernel density estimates suggested a high degree of temporal overlap between the snow leopard and the fox, and the snow leopard and the lynx, as indicated by high overlap coefficient estimates. There is an opportunity to consider protective measures at the local scale that would benefit various species simultaneously. However, it should also be recognized that snow leopard conservation efforts could exacerbate human–wildlife conflicts through their protective effect on other carnivore species.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rakhee @			Serial	1434
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	Author	Alexander, S., A., Zhang, C., Shi, K., Riordan, P.
	Title	A granular view of a snow leopard population using camera traps in Central China			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2016	Publication	Biological Conservation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue	197	Pages	27-31
	Keywords	Snow leopard Camera trap China Density Monitoring
	Abstract	Successful conservation of the endangered snow leopard (Panthera uncia) relies on the effectiveness of monitoring programmes. We present the results of a 19-month camera trap survey effort, conducted as part of a longterm study of the snow leopard population in Qilianshan National Nature Reserve of Gansu Province, China. Weassessed the minimumnumber of individual snowleopards and population density across different sampling periods using spatial capture–recapture methods. Between 2013–2014, we deployed 34 camera traps across an area of 375 km2, investing a total of 7133 trap-days effort. Weidentified a total number of 17–19 unique individuals from photographs (10–12 adults, five sub-adults and two cubs). The total number of individuals identified and estimated density varied across sampling periods, between 10–15 individuals and 1.46–3.29 snow leopards per 100 km2 respectively. We demonstrate that snow leopard surveys of limited scale and conducted over short sampling periods only present partial views of a dynamic and transient system.We also underline the challenges in achieving a sufficient sample size of captures and recaptures to assess trends in snow leopard population size and/or density for policy and conservation decision-making
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rakhee @			Serial	1436
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	Author	Wu, D., Maming, R., Xu, G., Zhu X., Buzzard, P.
	Title	Relationship between ibex and snow leopard about food chain and population density in Tian Shan			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2015	Publication	Selevinia	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	186-190
	Keywords	diet, ibex, snow leopard
	Abstract	Many studies have demonstrated that ibex (Capra sibirica) are the most frequently eaten prey of snow leopards (Panthera uncia) in Xinjiang, the west of China. Thus, an understanding of interactions between these species may have significant management and conservation of implications for both. In this study, we provide information on ibex grouping and density over a 24 month period in the Tian Shan of Xinjiang, China. We then use ibex density to estimate the density of snow leopards. We observed ibex primarily in ewe-lamb groups (N=880), but ibex sexual segregation and grouping changed seasonally with more mixed-sex groups during the winter rut. We observed the most ibex in April 2014 and 2015 with an average of (2422 ± 119 ibex). Over the 1643 km2 study area we then estimated an ibex density of 154 ± 23 ibex /100 km2 from which we estimated a density of 1.31~2.58 snow leopards/100 km2.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rakhee @			Serial	1439
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