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	Author	Sapozhnikov G.N., G.O.N.
	Title	Ramit nature reserve		Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1990	Publication	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue	Pages	322-329
	Keywords	Tajikistan; Ramit nature reserve; flora; fauna; snow leopard.; 8080; Russian
	Abstract	The general information on Ramit nature reserve, Tajikistan as well as its physic-geographical, floristic and faunistic description is given. 7-15 snow leopards that make seasonal migrations following wild ibexes inhabit in nature reserve.
	Address
	Corporate Author			Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Editor
	Language		Summary Language	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title	Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue	Edition
	ISSN		ISBN	Medium
	Area		Expedition	Conference
	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Protected areas of Middle Asia and Kazakhstan.		Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 786		Serial	846
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	Author	Satimbekov R.
	Title	Nature reserves of Kazakhstan and protection of rare predatory animal species		Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1979	Publication	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue	Pages	64-65
	Keywords	Kazakhstan; protected areas; snow leopard.; 8090; Russian
	Abstract	There are 20 snow leopards in the Aksu-Djabagly nature reserve, and three four families in the Alma-Ata nature reserve. Single snow leopards are known to be met in the Markakol nature reserve.
	Address
	Corporate Author			Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Editor
	Language		Summary Language	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title	Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue	Edition
	ISSN		ISBN	Medium
	Area		Expedition	Conference
	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Ecologic fundamentals of protection and sustainable use of predatory mammals.		Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 787		Serial	847
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	Author	Schaller, G.
	Title	Mountain Mammals		Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1977	Publication	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue	Pages	146-159
	Keywords	snow leopard
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author			Thesis
	Publisher	University of Chicago Press	Place of Publication	Editor
	Language		Summary Language	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title	Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue	Edition
	ISSN		ISBN	Medium
	Area		Expedition	Conference
	Notes	Book chapter. University of Chicago Press.		Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 928		Serial	852
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	Author	Scheber
	Title	Snow Leopard in the south part of Gobi-Altai mountain range		Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1975	Publication	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue	Pages	17
	Keywords	Mongolia; asia; snow-leopard; herders; livestock; predators; prey; gobi; distribution; snow leopard; browse; 960
	Abstract	Accorfing to the information from Gurvan its rumored that the snow leopards grow in number and many times they attacked the livestock entering into the domestic area causing damage, we investigated theGurvan Tes sumon of Umnogobi aimag and also Noyon sumon todisplay the reserve review and spreading area of snow leopard from 22 of December of 1975 to 10th of January of 1976.
	Address
	Corporate Author			Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Editor
	Language		Summary Language	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title	Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue	Edition
	ISSN		ISBN	Medium
	Area		Expedition	Conference
	Notes	The Snow Leopard Trust has a hand copied form of this document translated from Russian,		Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 28		Serial	872
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	Author	Severtsov N.A.
	Title	Travel within Turkestan region and mountain country Tien Shan survey		Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1873	Publication	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue	Pages	152
	Keywords	tien shan; snow leopard; records.; 8110; Russian
	Abstract	Snow leopard Felis irbis Ehrb inhabits in Tien Shan. Irbis was recorded in around of Issykul lake.
	Address
	Corporate Author			Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Editor
	Language		Summary Language	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title	Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue	Edition
	ISSN		ISBN	Medium
	Area		Expedition	Conference
	Notes	Full text available in Russian		Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 789		Serial	877
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	Author	Severtsov N.A.
	Title	Animals. Mammalia. Typical mountain animals. Taxonomic tables of the Turkistan fauna		Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1953	Publication	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue	Pages	20, 29-38, 104-105
	Keywords	Centarl Asia; geographical zones; fauna; mammals; snow leopard.; 8120; Russian
	Abstract	Geo-botanic and zoogeographical description of altitude landscape zones of Central Asia is given. Snow leopard (Felis irbis), ibex (Capra sibirica), brown bear (Ursus leuconyx), dhole (Canis alpinus) and others (10 species in total) are vertically distributed (2,348 3,048 m) in the deciduous forest, fir forest and alpine meadow zones.
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	Corporate Author			Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Editor
	Language		Summary Language	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title	Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue	Edition
	ISSN		ISBN	Medium
	Area		Expedition	Conference
	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Vertical and horizontal distribution of Turkistan animals (printed according to the edition of 1873).		Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 790		Serial	878
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	Author	Sheikin A.O.
	Title	Fleas of the carnivores of Kazakhstan (preliminary results of the data 1970-1888)		Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1996	Publication	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue	Pages	353-361
	Keywords	Kazakhstan; carnivores; ectoparasites; fleas; snow leopard.; 8130; Russian
	Abstract	The analysis of the data of national collection of Parasitological museum of Kazakh Antiplague Institute on ectoparasites from 12 species of carnivores that can be found in Kazakhstan: caracal, snow leopard, ermine, mountain weasel etc. helped to determine the species of fleas and their hosts specialization. Fleas were found on 57 animals/ 50 species of fleas were found, which can be specified to 23 genera, the total number is 525. The specific ones for the carnivores are 6 species fleas. The very low density of ectoparasites was indicated for caracal and snow leopard.
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	Corporate Author			Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Editor
	Language		Summary Language	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title	Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue	Edition
	ISSN		ISBN	Medium
	Area		Expedition	Conference
	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Status of mammal fauna in Russian and adjoining states.		Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 791		Serial	882
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	Author	Shnitnikov V.N.
	Title	*Rocks and taluses. Snow leopard, Irbis Felis irbis* Shreb**		Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1936	Publication	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue	Pages	44-49
	Keywords	Kazakhstan; Semerechie; fauna; snow leopard.; 8150; Russian
	Abstract	In Semerechie, snow leopard is not a rare species. In 1931, 53 snow leopards were hunted in southern Semerechie. In the past, at the markets of Central Tien Shan one could buy skins or live snow leopards, which were in demand abroad. Probably, number of snow leopards in Semerechie has increased. Now, it can be found not only in remote areas but in the vicinity of settlements (snow leopards, for instance, were observed some 20 30 km from Almaty, and 60 km from Frunze). Snow leopard preys mainly on ibex (¥…dr… sibiri¤…), snow-cock (O†traogallus himalauenses), and numerous argali – in some areas. The animal will never attack a man, even if wounded.
	Address
	Corporate Author			Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Editor
	Language		Summary Language	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title	Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue	Edition
	ISSN		ISBN	Medium
	Area		Expedition	Conference
	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Mammals of Semerechie.		Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 793		Serial	886
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	Author	Shrestha, B.
	Title	*Prey Abundance and Prey Selection by Snow Leopard (uncia uncia) in the Sagarmatha (Mt. Everest) National Park, Nepal*		Type	Report
	Year	2008	Publication	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue	Pages	1-35
	Keywords	project; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; network; conservation; program; prey; abundance; selection; uncia; Uncia uncia; Uncia-uncia; Sagarmatha; national; national park; National-park; park; Nepal; resource; predators; predator; ecological; impact; region; community; structure; number; research; population; status; density; densities; wild; prey species; prey-species; species; Himalayan; tahr; musk; musk-deer; deer; game; birds; diet; livestock; livestock depredation; livestock-depredation; depredation; awareness; co-existence; ungulates; ungulate; Human; using; areas; area; monitoring; transect; Hair; identification; scat; attack; patterns; sighting; 1760; populations; birth; Male; Female; young; domestic; domestic livestock; 120; scats; yak; Dog; pika; wildlife; Seasons; winter; horse; study; cover; land; predation; Pressure; development; strategy; threatened; threatened species; threatened-species; conflicts; conflict; people; control; husbandry; compensation; reintroduction; blue; blue sheep; blue-sheep; sheep; free ranging
	Abstract	Predators have significant ecological impacts on the region's prey-predator dynamic and community structure through their numbers and prey selection. During April-December 2007, I conducted a research in Sagarmatha (Mt. Everest) National Park (SNP) to: i) explore population status and density of wild prey species; Himalayan tahr, musk deer and game birds, ii) investigate diet of the snow leopard and to estimate prey selection by snow leopard, iii) identify the pattern of livestock depredation by snow leopard, its mitigation, and raise awareness through outreach program, and identify the challenge and opportunities on conservation snow leopard and its co-existence with wild ungulates and the human using the areas of the SNP. Methodology of my research included vantage points and regular monitoring from trails for Himalayan tahr, fixed line transect with belt drive method for musk deer and game birds, and microscopic hair identification in snow leopard's scat to investigate diet of snow leopard and to estimate prey selection. Based on available evidence and witness accounts of snow leopard attack on livestock, the patterns of livestock depredation were assessed. I obtained 201 sighting of Himalayan tahr (1760 individuals) and estimated 293 populations in post-parturient period (April-June), 394 in birth period (July -October) and 195 November- December) in rutting period. In average, ratio of male to females was ranged from 0.34 to 0.79 and ratio of kid to female was 0.21-0.35, and yearling to kid was 0.21- 0.47. The encounter rate for musk deer was 1.06 and density was 17.28/km2. For Himalayan monal, the encounter rate was 2.14 and density was 35.66/km2. I obtained 12 sighting of snow cock comprising 69 individual in Gokyo. The ratio of male to female was 1.18 and young to female was 2.18. Twelve species (8 species of wild and 4 species of domestic livestock) were identified in the 120 snow leopard scats examined. In average, snow leopard predated most frequently on Himalayan tahr and it was detected in 26.5% relative frequency of occurrence while occurred in 36.66% of all scats, then it was followed by musk deer (19.87%), yak (12.65%), cow (12.04%), dog (10.24%), unidentified mammal (3.61%), woolly hare (3.01%), rat sp. (2.4%), unidentified bird sp. (1.8%), pika (1.2%), and shrew (0.6%) (Table 5.8 ). Wild species were present in 58.99% of scats whereas domestic livestock with dog were present in 40.95% of scats. Snow leopard predated most frequently on wildlife species in three seasons; spring (61.62%), autumn (61.11%) and winter (65.51%), and most frequently on domestic species including dog in summer season (54.54%). In term of relative biomass consumed, in average, Himalayan tahr was the most important prey species contributed 26.27% of the biomass consumed. This was followed by yak (22.13%), cow (21.06%), musk deer (11.32%), horse (10.53%), wooly hare (1.09%), rat (0.29%), pika (0.14%) and shrew (0.07%). In average, domestic livestock including dog were contributed more biomass in the diet of snow leopard comprising 60.8% of the biomass consumed whilst the wild life species comprising 39.19%. The annual prey consumption by a snow leopard (based on 2 kg/day) was estimated to be three Himalayan tahr, seven musk deer, five wooly hare, four rat sp., two pika, one shrew and four livestock. In the present study, the highest frequency of attack was found during April to June and lowest to July to November. The day of rainy and cloudy was the more vulnerable to livestock depredation. Snow leopard attacks occurred were the highest at near escape cover such as shrub land and cliff. Both predation pressure on tahr and that on livestock suggest that the development of effective conservation strategies for two threatened species (predator and prey) depends on resolving conflicts between people and predators. Recently, direct control of free – ranging livestock, good husbandry and compensation to shepherds may reduce snow leopard – human conflict. In long term solution, the reintroduction of blue sheep at the higher altitudes could also “buffer” predation on livestock.
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	Corporate Author			Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Editor
	Language		Summary Language	Original Title
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	Series Volume		Series Issue	Edition
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	Notes	Project funded by Snow Leopard Network's Snow Leopard Conservation Grant Program. Forum of Natural Resource Managers, Nepal.		Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 1076		Serial	887
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	Author	Shukurov E.J.
	Title	List of of species included in Red data Book of Republic of Kyrgyzstan		Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	2004	Publication	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue	Pages	83
	Keywords	Kyrgyzstan; Red Data book; list of species; snow leopard.; 8160; Russian
	Abstract	It gives List of species included in Red data Book of Republic of Kyrgyzstan (1984). Totally 13 mammals including snow leopard listed in Kyrgyz Red data book.
	Address
	Corporate Author			Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Editor
	Language		Summary Language	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title	Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue	Edition
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	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Annals of nature in protected areas of Kyrgyz Republic. Metodical guide.		Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 794		Serial	892
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