| Records |
| Author |
Zheleznyakov D.F. |
| Title |
Order Predators |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1958 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume  |
Edition 1. |
Issue |
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Pages |
110-112 |
| Keywords |
Uzbekistan; Chatkal nature reserve; mammals; snow leopard.; 8720; Russian |
| Abstract |
Data about distribution of stone marten, ermine, weasel, badger, bear, wolf, fox, and snow leopard in the Chatkal nature reserve is provided. In Tien Shan, snow leopard is not a rare species, and even a rather common species in some places. In the nature reserve, snow leopard was observed near the mountain Kurgan-Tash in 1948. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Proceeding of the mountain-forest state nature reserve. |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 849 |
Serial |
1076 |
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| Author |
Zhiryakov V.A. |
| Title |
Ecology and behavior of the Snow leopard in Kazakhstan |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
N 1-4. |
Issue |
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Pages |
184-199 |
| Keywords |
Kazakhstan; distribution; number; density; population size; habitats; marking; Migration; diet; prey species; hunting; faeces; Sex; Age; population dynamics; reproductive activity; competitors; mortality; snow leopard.; 8810; Russian |
| Abstract |
The data on spreading, numbers and population density of snow leopard in Kazakhstan are given in this article. The total number of the snow leopard in Kazakhstan is evaluated in 100-110 individuals. The everywhere occurred numbers' reduction under the influence of the anthropogenic factors is observed. The snow leopard' inhabitation area varies from 20 to 120 square kilometers depending on its regions. Sex and composition of the population and its aggregative behavior are given. The dynamics of numbers and mortality are estimated. |
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Full text available in Russian.Journal Title: Selevinia. The zoological journal of Kazakhstan. |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 858 |
Serial |
1087 |
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| Author |
Abdusalamov I.A. |
| Title |
Required protection measures for rare and endangered vertebrate species in Tajikistan |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
2001 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
N 2 (143) |
Issue |
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Pages |
40-48 |
| Keywords |
Tajikistan; vertebrates; protected areas; endangered species; snow leopard.; 5840; Russian |
| Abstract |
The network of Tajikistan's protected areas (four nature reserves, 14 national and 18 regional sanctuaries, one national park) is described. The establishment of `Shakhristan state complex nature reserve' and `Sarykamish state complex reserve', and interstate nature complex park on northern slope of the Turkestan ridge is recommended to improve conservation practices for a number of endangered vertebrate animal species in Northern Tajikistan (such as brown bear, snow leopard, wild sheep, and others). |
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Russian |
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| Notes |
Full text available in RussianJournal Title: News of the Academy of Science of Tajikistan. |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 563 |
Serial |
29 |
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| Author |
Geptner V.G. |
| Title |
Genus snow leopard or irbis |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1972 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
Vol. 2, Part 2. |
Issue |
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Pages |
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| Keywords |
Ussr; snow leopard; identification; phylogeny; distribution; number; life history; use.; 6760; Russian |
| Abstract |
It describes genus and species features of snow leopard such as appearance, skull, sizes, phylogenetic links, distribution, geographic variability, biology including number, habitat, refuges, activity in daylight and night, behavioral patterns, reproduction, enemies and rivals, and practical use of the species. |
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| Notes |
Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Mammals of the Soviet Union. |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 654 |
Serial |
336 |
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| Author |
Gromov I.M. |
| Title |
Felis (Uncia) uncia Schreber (1776) leopard or irbis |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1963 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
Part.2. |
Issue |
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Pages |
890-892 |
| Keywords |
Ussr; taxonomy; morphology; distribution; biology; value; snow leopard.; 6820; Russian |
| Abstract |
An identification table for genus and species of mammals of USSR is given. The taxonomy, morphology, distribution and life history are described. The features of snow leopard Felis (Uncia) uncia, distribution, biology and practical value are described. |
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| Notes |
Full text available in RussianJournal Title: The mammals of USSR. |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 660 |
Serial |
356 |
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| Author |
Kashkarov D.N. |
| Title |
Living conditions and living in various parts of the mountainous Turkestan. Central Asian snow leopard, irbis |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1923 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
Issue 2. The animals of mountainous Turkistan. |
Issue |
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Pages |
3-6 |
| Keywords |
Turkestan; fauna; mammals; snow leopard; distribution; biology; preys.; 7070; Russian |
| Abstract |
It describes fauna of the mountainous Turkestan. Irbis is met in Tien Shan, Pamir, Bukhara and Kopet-Dag. Apart from Turkistan, it lives in the Altai, Tibet and on northern slopes of the Himalayas. In Kopet-Dag, this species is met with another panther Caucasian leopard. It preys on ibex, wild sheep, roe deer, keklik (partridge), snow-cock and porcupine. It also attacks small livestock. Normally this species would never attack the man though hunters mentioned some cases that evidence otherwise. |
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| Notes |
Full text available in RussianJournal Title: The animals of Turkestan, their life and importance for man. Popular essays. |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 685 |
Serial |
518 |
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| Author |
Sludsky A.A. |
| Title |
Genus Snow leopard Uncia Gray, 1854. Snow leopard Uncia uncia Schreber, 1775 |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1982 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
Vol. III, Part 2. |
Issue |
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Pages |
222-240 |
| Keywords |
Kazakhstan; taxonomy; distribution; number; biology; use; snow leopard.; 8190; Russian |
| Abstract |
Snow leopard is rare and extinctive species that have scientific and aesthetic significance. The features of genus Uncia and species Uncia uncia are described. Also distribution, habitat, way of life, reproduction biology, behavioural patterns, migration routes, infections and parasites, enemies and competitors, number and number fluctuation, practical value of snow leopard in the Kazakhstan are given. |
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| Notes |
Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Mammals of Kazakhstan. Carnivora (Mustelidae, Felidae). |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 797 |
Serial |
900 |
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| Author |
Zakhidov T.Z.Meklenburtsev R.N., B.O.P. |
| Title |
Snow leopard Uncia uncia Schreb. Distribution of fauna elements over Central Asia |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1971 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
Vol. 2. Vertebrate animals. |
Issue |
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Pages |
234-235 |
| Keywords |
Central Asia; snow leopard; distribution; preys; behavior; practical value.; 8670; Russian |
| Abstract |
Snow leopard inhabits the mountainous ecosystems from Tarbagatai to Hissar and Pamir. It feeds upon large animals such as ibex, argali, roe deer, and sometimes domestic sheep, rodents, and birds (most frequently snow cock). The skin of this animal is not of significant value and is rarely an item of trade. In many countries, zoos will readily buy snow leopards. There is no danger for a man to catch snow leopard since even being wounded during a hunt, the animal would never attack the man. An encounter with snow leopard in the mountains will always end safely for human being, as it is always first to spot a man and go away unnoticed. |
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| Notes |
Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Nature and fauna of Central Asia. |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 844 |
Serial |
1069 |
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| Author |
Aromov, B. |
| Title |
Snow Leopard (Uncia uncia) in Hissar Nature Reserve |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
2001 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
Issue 3 |
Issue |
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Pages |
121-125 |
| Keywords |
Uzbekistan; snow leopard; Hissar ridge; Hissar nature reserve; number; population estimate; diet; wild ibex; livestock; rut; cubs; competitors.; 6080; Russian |
| Abstract |
Data on distribution, number, diet and breeding of snow leopard in NW spurs of the Hissar Ridge were collected over long-term studies in the span from 1981 to 1994. An increase in the number of this animal from 4 to 17 individuals has been recorded in the Hissar Nature Reserve (Uzbekistan). |
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| Notes |
Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Proceeding of Nature Reserves in Uzbekistan. |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 587 |
Serial |
100 |
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| Author |
Heiz A.V. |
| Title |
Snow leopard in Kyrgyzstan and its protection |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1983 |
Publication |
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| Volume |
3 |
Issue |
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Pages |
92-93 |
| Keywords |
Kyrgyzstan; snow leopard; number; decline; mountain ungulates; livestock; hunting; propaganda; protection.; 6870; Russian |
| Abstract |
In the year 1970, the quantity of snow leopards in Kyrgyzstan was defined as 1,300 animals, while in the years to follow 1,600 animals were recorded. A snow leopard population has significantly decreased since recently because of intense extermination of snow leopard's prey ungulates, particularly ibex. In some areas of the Kyrgyz ridge livestock is growing in number thus affecting snow leopard population. It is extremely rare that snow leopard would attack livestock. Snow leopards can be caught under special license. Educational and awareness work among shepherds and hunters residing in the mountainous area of the country needs to be improved. |
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| Notes |
Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Rare mammal species of the USSR and their protection. |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 665 |
Serial |
380 |
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| Author |
Ishunin G.I. |
| Title |
Irbis, or snow leopard Felis (Uncia) uncia S¤hr†b†a 1778 |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1961 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
Vol. 3. |
Issue |
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Pages |
127-131 |
| Keywords |
Uzbekistan; snow leopard; taxonomy; distribution; behavior; practical use.; 6880; Russian |
| Abstract |
It describes diagnostic signs and taxonomy of snow leopard as well as its distribution, behavioral patterns and use in Uzbekistan. This predator inhabits the Ugam, Pskem, Chatkal, Turkistan, and Gissar ridges. It mainly preys on ibex, and marmots, vole-mouse, and snow-cocks. Sometimes it attacks domestic sheep. Snow leopard is of low commercial value. The cost of skin is 4 roubles 70 kopecks. Only a few skins are purchased. |
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| Notes |
Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Fauna of the Uzbek SSR. Mammals (predators and ungulates). |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 666 |
Serial |
412 |
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| Author |
Kolbintsev V.G. |
| Title |
The role of the Aksu-Djabagly nature reserve in the vertebrate animals gene pool conservation |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1990 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
Part 3. |
Issue |
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Pages |
254-256 |
| Keywords |
Kazakhstan; Aksu-Jabagly nature reserve; gene pool; fauna; rare species; mammals; birds; snow leopard.; 7170; Russian |
| Abstract |
The Aksu-Djabagly nature reserve is a real guarantor for conservation of gene pool of five species Tien Shan bear, golden eagle, bearded vulture, Blue whistling thrush, and probably Central Asia stone marten. To strengthen the role of the nature reserve in the rare species conservation it is necessary to extend its area to a number of additional land plots belonging to forestries. |
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| Notes |
Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Nature reserves of the USSR future and present. |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 695 |
Serial |
543 |
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| Author |
Kovalev A.K. |
| Title |
Markhor in the Ramit nature reserve, Tajikistan |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1990 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
Vol.3. |
Issue |
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Pages |
247-248 |
| Keywords |
Tajikistan; Khazratishok ridge; Darvaza ridge; markhor; number; nature conservation; zakaznik; Ramit nature reserve; captive breeding; prey species; snow leopard.; 7320; Russian |
| Abstract |
The marchor habitat in Tajikistan is fragmented. The animals are reproduced in enclosures of the Ramit nature reserve and released into wildlife in Khel canyon. Two females were killed by snow leopard. |
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| Notes |
Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Nature reserves of the USSR present and future. |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 710 |
Serial |
577 |
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| Author |
Kuznetsov B.A. |
| Title |
The cats – Felidae |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1975 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
Part 3. |
Issue |
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Pages |
161, 164-165 |
| Keywords |
Ussr; Felidae; taxonomy; distribution; snow leopard.; 7530; Russian |
| Abstract |
An identification table for genus and species of Felidae family of USSR is given. Snow leopard Panthera uncia (Schreher) described for Pamir, Tien Shan, Altai and mountains of Tuva. |
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| Notes |
Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Guide of vertebrate species of USSR. Mammals. |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 731 |
Serial |
601 |
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| Author |
Ognev S.I. |
| Title |
Uncia uncia Sch., 1778. Irbis or snow leopard |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1935 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
Vol.3. |
Issue |
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Pages |
263-270 |
| Keywords |
Ussr; snow leopard; taxonomy; biology; distribution.; 7790; Russian |
| Abstract |
It describes identification signs and taxonomy of genus Uncia Gray and the only representative of genus Uncia uncia Sch., 1778, distribution and some features of the species' biology. A habitat of snow leopard includes the mountains of Central Asia from Kopet-Dag and northern Iran to the east along the mountain systems of Pamir, Turkestan, Gilgit, Tibet, Himalayas before the country Kam. On the north, snow leopard is met in Tarbagatai, Altai, Sayans, and further eastward to the Yablonoviy and Stanovoy ridges reaching the confluence of the Shilka and Argun rivers. |
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| Notes |
Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Animals of the USSR and neighboring countries. |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 757 |
Serial |
737 |
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| Author |
Sokov A.I. |
| Title |
Environmental prerequisites for protection and sustainable use of predatory mammals in Tajikistan |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1986 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
Vol. 3. |
Issue |
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Pages |
27-29 |
| Keywords |
Tajikistan; Red Data book; rare species; carnivores; large predators; brown bear; hyena; tiger; leopard; Lynx; snow leopard; decline; protection; sustainable use.; 8220; Russian |
| Abstract |
In Tajikistan it is necessary to preserve big predators listed in the Red Book, such as Uncia uncia, Ursus arctos isabellinus, Hyaena hyaena, Felis lynx isabellina, Panthera pardus ciscaucasica. An anthropogenic influence has resulted in the species' habitat shrinkage, deficit of food, disturbance of trophic interactions. It is necessary to restore a tiger population in the Tigrovaya Balka nature reserve, and resolve the issue of protection and sustainable use of commercial predatory species. |
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| Notes |
Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Proceedings of IV Congress of all-Union mammalists' society. |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 800 |
Serial |
913 |
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| Author |
Koshkarev E. |
| Title |
What has happened to the snow leopard after the break-up of Soviet Union? |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
2000 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
4 (19) |
Issue |
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Pages |
72 |
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Central Asia; status; poaching; conservation measures; snow leopard.; 7280; Russian |
| Abstract |
It describes status of snow leopard in republics of the former Soviet Union, main reasons for poaching and negative and positive experience on species conservation. The total number of snow leopard in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan in the 1980's was at least 1200-1400. In Kazakhstan the snow leopard population totaled 180-200, in Uzbekistan around 100, and in Russia 150-200. The number and natural habitat of the species were in universal decline. Losses in Kyrgyzstan from poaching alone were no less than 30 animals per year in 1960-1980's. During this period the population in this area decreased by half, and the natural habitat by one third. With the break-up of the Soviet Union, poaching of the snow leopard and its pray grew by at least a factor of 3-4. It was estimated that 500-600 animals reduced the Kyrgyz snow leopard population in the 1990's. The population that remains today can barely be more than 150-200 individual snow leopards. The population has been physically decimated. Number of snow leopard in existence today in the former Soviet Union does not exceed 700-900 individual animals. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Nature conservation Journal. |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 706 |
Serial |
556 |
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| Author |
Esipov V.M. |
| Title |
The nature reserve in the spurs of Tien Shan |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1978 |
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Vol.8. |
Issue |
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Pages |
8 |
| Keywords |
Uzbekistan; Chatkal nature reserve; location; Animals; snow leopard.; 6560; Russian |
| Abstract |
The Chatkal state mountain forest nature reserve is located in western spurs of the Chatkal ridge. The permanent inhabitants of the nature reserve are ibex, wild boar, roe-deer, bear, badger, porcupine, stone marten, fox, ermine, Menzbier's marmot, and relict suslik (gopher), and bird species such as gray partridge, snow-cock, black vulture, griffon vulture, etc. Under special protection are rare animal and bird species such as snow leopard, Menzbier's marmot, bearded vulture, golden eagle, etc. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Journal `Soviet Uzbekistan Today' |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 634 |
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263 |
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| Author |
Kolbintsev V.G. |
| Title |
Modern status of endangered vertebrates in Aksu Jabagly nature reserve |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
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2001 |
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Vol.8. |
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139-140 |
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Kazakhstan; Aksu Jabagly nature reserve; endangered vertebrates; number; snow leopard.; 7180; Russian |
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Data on number of several endangered vertebrates inhabiting in Aksu Jabagly nature reserve in 1990-2000 are given. Number of snow leopard is rather stable and evaluated as 2-3 pairs. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Biodiversity of W Tien Shan (Kazakhstan). Proceedings of Aksu Jabagly State nature reserve. |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 696 |
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544 |
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| Author |
Koshkarev E. |
| Title |
About snow leopard |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
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2001 |
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Vol. 8. |
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148-151 |
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Central Asia; status; poaching; conservation measures; snow leopard.; 7290; Russian |
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In 1980-s, in Central Asia there were 1,500-1,700 snow leopards: 800-900 in Kyrgyzstan, 500 in Tajikistan, 200 in Kazakhstan, and 100 in Uzbekistan. During the last century the number of snow leopard was constantly decreasing, though a its drastic reduction was observed after the collapse of the Soviet Union because of increased poaching for snow leopard and its objects of prey. The highest level of poaching was observed to occur in Kyrgyzstan. Kyrgyzstan's population of snow leopard reduced to 200 animals. A decrease of snow leopard number in other parts of its habitat with less intense hunting (Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, south-west Kyrgyzstan) was mostly because of depletion of food resources (population of ungulates reduced five eight times). The reasons are corruption and unemployment. In order to improve the situation it is required to improve regulatory framework and replicate existing positive experience in economic motivation of nature protection activities. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Biological diversity of the West Tien Shan (Kazakhstan part). Proceedings of the Aksu Jabagly state nature reserve. |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 707 |
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557 |
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| Author |
Kovshar A.F. |
| Title |
About representativeness of terrain vertebrate fauna in the Aksu Jabagly nature reserve for the whole West Tien Shan region |
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Miscellaneous |
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2001 |
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Vol.8. |
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Pages |
97-99 |
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Kazakhstan; Aksu Jabagly nature reserve; mammals; endangered species; snow leopard.; 7380; Russian |
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Mammals inhabiting the Aksu Jabagly nature reserve make up 79.6 percent of the whole mammal fauna of the West Tien Shan. The following endangered species live in the area: argali, brown bear, dhole, Turkistan lynx, snow leopard, stone marten, porcupine, and free-toiled bat. Snow leopard deserves a special attention. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Biological diversity of the West Tien Shan (the Kazakhstan part). Proceedings of the Aksu Jabagly state nature reserve. |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 716 |
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583 |
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Kovshar A.F. |
| Title |
About the necessity to alter the border of Aksu Jabagly nature reserve |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
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2001 |
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Vol. 8. |
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Pages |
15-23 |
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Kazakhstan; Aksu Jabagly nature reserve; endemics; endangered species; widening; improvement of protection.; 7430; Russian |
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An extension of the Aksu Jabagly nature reserve is suggested in order to improve effectiveness of rare and endemic species conservation in the West Tien Shan. The existing area of the nature reserve is large enough for conservation and reproduction of most of the large mammal species such as ibex, bear, wild boar, snow leopard; the area is however insufficient for species such as Tien Shan argali, roe-deer, whose seasonal migrations extend beyond the area of the nature reserve, as well as Menzbier's marmot a rare endemic to the West Tien Shan, whose habitat is situated 10 15 km from the nature reserve. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Biological diversity of the West Tien Shan (the Kazakhstan part). Proceedings of the Aksu Jabagly state nature reserve. |
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SLN @ rana @ 721 |
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587 |
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| Author |
Mitropolskiy O.V. |
| Title |
Biodiversity of mammals in Uzbekistan: results of the studies; conservation, use and monitoring projects |
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Miscellaneous |
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2004 |
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N 8. |
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18-25 |
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Western Tien Shan; rare species; status; threats; conservation measures; snow leopard; brown bear; Tien Shan argali; Karatau argali; Menzbier's marmot.; 7660; Russian |
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The article reviews conservation projects regarding valuable species of the West Tien Shan such as snow leopard, Tien Shan brown bear, Tien Shan and Karatau argali, Menzbier's marmot. The questioning revealed three cases of poaching snow leopard in the West Tien Shan in Kazakhstan, and 11 in Uzbekistan. A necessity to severely suppress any acts of poaching or skin trade is emphasized. A number of measures is suggested to preserve the species. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Information bulletin/digest of Central Asia transboundary biodiversity project. |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 744 |
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699 |
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| Author |
Bold, A.; Dorzhzunduy, S. |
| Title |
Report on Snow Leopards in the Southern Spurs of the Gobi Altai |
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Conference Article |
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1976 |
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11 |
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27-43 |
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gobi; Altai; Altay; status; distribution; browse; 2690; Russian |
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Estimates a population of 170-230 snow leopard within an area of 6600 km2 in Southern Gobi |
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In Russian
Title, Monographic: Proceedings of Institute of General and Experimental Biology
Place of Meeting: Ulaanbaator
Date of Copyright: 1976 |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 30 |
Serial |
186 |
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| Author |
Kaletskiy A. |
| Title |
They must live |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
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1978 |
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N 11. |
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Ussr; Red Data book; endangeres species; threats; conservation measures; snow leopard.; 7050; Russian |
| Abstract |
Among large predators included in the Red Data Book of the USSR and Red List of IUCN the author describes snow leopard. A population of snow leopard in the USSR is estimated to be 500 animals, and no more than 1,000 in the world. In the past, irbis was believed to be a harmful animal and hunting for this species was encouraged. Today, population of the predator is reducing because of poaching and decreasing number of species it preys on such as ibex, wild sheep, wild boar, and marmots. The situation is exacerbated by biological features of this species first of all its slow rate of reproduction. It is concluded that snow leopard needs urgent protection measures since the species is on the verge of disappearance. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Man and nature. |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 683 |
Serial |
510 |
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