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Author Hussain, I.
Title Conserving Biodiversity through Institutional Diversity: Concept Paper Type Miscellaneous
Year 1999 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume (up) Issue Pages
Keywords Iunc; status; distribution; Baltistan; Pakistan; herders; farmers; conservation; killing; poaching; conflict; livestock; predator; prey; retaliatory-killing; economy; corral; capture; trapping; Project-snow-leopard; ecotourism; tourism; compensation; markhor; trekking; browse; retaliatory; 3910
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Notes Full Text at URL Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 362 Serial 397
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Author Hussain, S.
Title Nature and Human Nature: Conservation, Values and Snow Leopard Type Conference Article
Year 2002 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume (up) Issue Pages
Keywords snow; leopard; nature; Human; environment; environmental; conservation; conserving; conserve; economic; incentives; cbc; 4940
Abstract The failure of top-down environmental conservation practices gave rise to the so-called

`Community Based Conservation' or CBC approach. CBC promises to achieve the dual goals of

conserving nature and improving peoples' livelihoods. CBC programs also aim to involve local

communities as active partners in conservation efforts, and to use traditional knowledge and

local values in management of resources (Adams & Hulme 2001; Agrawal & Gibson 1999).

There are variations between different CBC programs; however, the underlying rationale of the

approach, common to all programs, is that introducing or changing economic incentives into the

conservation calculus of local people will bring about the behavioural change necessary for

successful conservation (Kellert et al 2000). Thus, the major emphasis in CBC programs is

conserving nature based on its utilitarian value. Since utilitarian value is measured in terms of

economics, hence the emphasis of CBCs on economic incentives in promoting conservation.

Recent evaluation of the CBC approach has shown that while local people may have benefited in

economic terms from the use of nature, no tangible improvements in biodiversity conservation

have occurred (Kellert et al 2000; Terborgh 1999). The disappointing performance of CBC

programs, which promised so much and yet have failed in practice to deliver, has recently lead to

a resurgence of the protectionist approach, calling for a renewed separation between the

conservation and human development objectives (Redford & Sanderson 2000; Terborgh 1999;

Oats 1999). Others, however, believe that the CBC approach has enormous potential, and that a

return to protectionist strategies would be disastrous, like `reinventing the square wheel'

(Brechin 2001; Wilhusen 2001). It is crucial that the flaws in the CBC approach are remedied if

there is to be any hope of a conservation agenda that does not conflict with the needs, aspirations

and interests of local people, and that therefore has a chance of having a long term, sustainable

conservation outcome.
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Publisher Islt Place of Publication Islt Editor
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Notes Title, Monographic: Proceedings of the Snow Leopard Survival SummitPlace of Meeting: Seattle,WA Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 480 Serial 400
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Author Inayat, S.
Title Role of Women In Conservation of Snow Leopard In Pakistan Type Conference Article
Year 2002 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume (up) Issue Pages
Keywords snow; leopard; women; womens; conservation; conflict; herders; economic; loss; Pakistan; Female; 4950
Abstract Generally speaking, men and women are the two wheels of the same vehicle. Women's

participation and involvement in the conservation of snow leopards is as indispensable as it is to

any other discipline. Unfortunately, their dual role was not exploited and so the involvement of

women in nature conservation is considered almost inappropriate and not up to the mark.

Mountainous people still live with their centuries old traditions and culture. Although with the

passage of time they are leaning towards modernization, still most of them are associated with

the centuries-old tradition of keeping livestock. These people take their livestock to the pastures

and thus share in the snow leopard's habitat. A large number of livestock grazing in the snow

leopard's habitat attracts this opportunistic animal to attack domestic animals. This is the point

where the conflict between snow leopards and livestock owners starts, with the snow leopard

killed in retaliation. Snow leopard depredation causes economic losses to the herders and

women, being the managers of the house, take the maximum impact. Keeping this fact in view,

a study was undertaken in the two demonstration sites of the snow leopard project in Chitral and

Gilgit. A specific questionnaire was used and information was collected from all the women

herders in the two demo sites. The study revealed that women have positive attitudes toward and

feel love for this precious animal.
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Publisher Islt Place of Publication Islt Editor
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Area Expedition Conference
Notes Title, Monographic: Proceedings of the Snow Leopard Survival SummitPlace of Meeting: Seattle,WA Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 481 Serial 404
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Author Ishunin G.I.
Title Protected areas and waters of Uzbekistan Type Miscellaneous
Year 1979 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume (up) Issue Pages 49-63
Keywords Uzbekistan; protected areas; snow leopard; territorial protection.; 6900; Russian
Abstract In Uzbekistan, there is a network of protected areas of land and water, consisting of 11 nature reserves (163,780 ha) and nine sanctuaries (217,837 ha). Five or six new protected natural areas with a total area of 220,000 250,000 ha are recommended to be established. The further development of the network will help preserve typical natural complexes, having scientific, practical and cultural value. When selecting an area for protection it is needed to cover overall diversity of natural landscapes including relief, soils, waters, vegetation and animals. Snow leopard is protected in the Chatkal, Zaamin, Kizilsu, and Miraka nature reserves.
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Area Expedition Conference
Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Hunter and Fisherman of Uzbekistan. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 668 Serial 414
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Author Ishunin G.I.
Title A problem of original fauna conservation in Uzbekistan Type Miscellaneous
Year 1979 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume (up) Issue Pages 199-200
Keywords Uzbekistan; mammals; origin; game species; snow leopard.; 6910; Russian
Abstract Fauna of Uzbekistan is represented by species being common for south deserts (Indian honey badger, striped hyena, cheetah, caracal), tugai forest (riverine forest) (Bukhara deer, jackal, chaus, tiger), Palaearctic steppes (corsac, steppe polecat, marbled polecat, steppe cat, saiga), deserts of Africa and Middle East (sand cat, tridactylous African jerboa) and steppes of Central Asia (dhole, snow leopard, ibex). There are many foxes, large susliks, and muskrats there. Before hunting was prohibited a very few animals belonging to rare species such as bear, otter, leopard, snow leopard, lynx, roe deer, Bukhara deer, markhor, Asian moufflon, argali, Menzbier's marmot, and sometimes honey badger, caracal, manul, and cheetah, were shot.
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Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Proceedings of VII All-Union zoogeographical conference. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 669 Serial 415
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Author Ishunin G.I.
Title Snow leopard Type Miscellaneous
Year 1980 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume (up) Issue Pages 26-27
Keywords Uzbekistan; Red Data book; snow leopard; distribution; preys; biology; use.; 6920; Russian
Abstract In Uzbekistan, snow leopard is preserved along the Ugam, Pskem, Chatkal, Tirkestan, and Hissar ridges. Ibex is a main prey of the predator. It also preys on argali, wild boar, hares, roe-deers, rodents, kekliks (partridge), and rarely livestock. Catching the animals in the country is limited and exercised under special permissions.
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Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Wild animals of Uzbekistan included in the Red Data Book of the USSR. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 670 Serial 416
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Author Ishunin G.I.
Title Hunting and nature conservation in Uzbekistan (history and current status) Type Miscellaneous
Year 1984 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume (up) Issue Pages 9-21
Keywords Uzbekistan; origin; fauna; fossils; mesolite; late Stone Age; the Bronze Age; hunting; agriculture; stock-raising; natural calamity; conservation; hunting farm; snow leopard.; 6930; Russian
Abstract Origination of fauna complexes in Uzbekistan from the Mustier period to present time is described. The remains of brown bear, cave hyena, wolf, fox, corsac, stone marten, badger, and snow leopard were found in cave Amankutan (western extremities of the Zaravshan ridge). Cattle breeding and farming has begun since mesolite; cave bear, Stenon horse, Pleistocene donkey, camel and aurochs dropped from the region's fauna, while marchor and striped hyena moved to the Hissar ridge, Babatag and Kugitang mountains from south; jackal, chaus, tiger, and Iranian otter settled along the river valleys. In the Neolith and Bronze Age cattle breeding and farming continued to develop, while hunting was less important. Mass hinting for animals in the time of Alexander the Great, Chingiz Khan, and Babur, the ruler of Fergana, is described. Mass extermination of kulan, goitered gazelle, saiga, and other game species also took place later more than 12,000 saigas were killed during one hunt at the end of 19th century in the Volga region. Animals also die from natural disasters the “djut”. Data concerning a current status of goitered gazelle, saiga, Bukhara deer, marchor, Severtsev's sheep, and urial is given.
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Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Hunting and nature conservation in Uzbekistan. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 671 Serial 417
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Author Ishunin G.I.
Title Cats Type Miscellaneous
Year 1964 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume (up) Issue Pages 37-43
Keywords Uzbekistan; South Uzbekistan; Cats; distribution; fur-trade; snow leopard.; 6950; Russian
Abstract It provides information about the cat family species in Uzbekistan (steppe cat Felis libyca, reed cat Felis chaus, Turkistan lynx Felis lynx isabellina, manul Felis manul, sand cat Felis margarita, Turan tiger Felis tigris virgata, Middle Asia leopard Felis pardus tullianus, and snow leopard Felis uncia. Snow leopard is distributed over the Hissar ridge, and the mountains of Kuydytavak, Khoddjachilimakhram, Zardalyupaz, Khodjapiriyah and Belata. Trade significance of snow leopard is negligent. In the Sary-Asia district one skin was traded in 1934 and 1935, three in 1936, four in 1937, one in 1946, and two in 1947.
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Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Ecology and economic value of vertebrate animals in south Uzbekistan (the Syrdarya river basin). Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 673 Serial 419
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Author Ishunin G.I.
Title Nature reserves and sanctuaries in Uzbekistan Type Miscellaneous
Year 1978 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume (up) Issue Pages 55-61
Keywords Uzbekistan; protected areas; fauna; snow leopard.; 6960; Russian
Abstract The protected area network in Uzbekistan is represented by 12 nature reserves (with total area of 254,000 ha) and nine sanctuaries (with total area of 217,837 ha). Protected territories and waters are divided into three types: desert, mountain, and floodplain lakes. Snow leopard is met in the Chatkal, Kizilsu, Miraka, and Zaamin nature reserves and Akbulak sanctuary.
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Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Biosphere protection and use of natural resources in the Uzbek SSR. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 674 Serial 420
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Author Ishunin G.I.
Title Game mammals and birds of northern slopes of the Turkestan ridge Type Miscellaneous
Year 1963 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume (up) Issue Pages 5-19
Keywords Uzbekistan; Turkestan ridge; game species; endangered species; snow leopard.; 6970; Russian
Abstract There are 27 mammal species in the mountains of Turkestan ridge, 17 of which are good for trade or sport hunting. However, many of them have become non-numerous because of overhunting or destruction of their natural complexes (forest cutting, erosion, etc.). In Turkestan ridge of Uzbekistan, snow leopard is protected only in the Zaamin nature reserve.
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Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Game and commercial animals of Uzbekistan. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 675 Serial 421
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