Records |
Author |
Roth, T.L.; Howard, J.G.; Donoghue, A.M.; Swanson, W.F.; Wildt, D.E. |
Title |
Function and culture requirements of snow leopard (Panthera uncia) spermatozoa in vitro |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1994 |
Publication |
J Reprod Fertil |
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Volume ![sorted by Volume (numeric) field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
101 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
563-569 |
Keywords |
Animal; Carnivora; physiology; Cell; survival; Cells; Cultured; Comparative; study; Culture; Media; Female; Male; Pentoxifylline; Sperm; Motility; Ovum; Interactions; Spermatozoa; cytology; Support; Non-U.S.Gov't; U.S.Gov't; P.H.S.; browse; non; us; gov't; government; 190 |
Abstract |
Electroejaculates from eight snow leopards were used to determine how the motility of spermatozoa was influenced by (i) type of media (Ham's F10, PBS, human tubal fluid or RPMI-1640); (ii) holding temperature (23 degrees C versus 37 degrees C); (iii) washing of spermatozoa and (iv) a sperm metabolic enhancer, pentoxifylline. The duration of sperm motility was assessed by evaluating samples in each treatment every hour for 6 h and a sperm motility index (a value combining percentage sperm motility and rate of forward progression) calculated. Spermatozoa from the Ham's F10, PBS and PBS plus pentoxifylline treatments were also co-incubated with zona-intact, domestic cat eggs that were fixed and evaluated for spermatozoa bound to the zona pellucida, penetrating the outer and inner layers of the zona pellucida and within the perivitelline space. During the 6 h co-incubation, the sperm motility index in PBS with pentoxifylline was greater (P < 0.05) than in PBS alone which, in turn, was greater (P < 0.05) than in the other three test media. Washing the spermatozoa enhanced (P < 0.05) motility in both PBS and PBS plus pentoxifylline relative to unwashed samples, but there was no effect (P > 0.05) of holding temperature. Pentoxifylline supplementation enhanced (P < 0.05) the proportion of cat eggs with bound, but not penetrated, snow leopard spermatozoa in the inner layer of the zona pellucida, and there were no spermatozoa in the perivitelline space.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) |
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0022-4251 |
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Document Type: eng |
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SLN @ rana @ 253 |
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828 |
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Author |
Johnston, L.A.; Armstrong, D.L.; Brown, J.L. |
Title |
Seasonal effects on seminal and endocrine traits in the captive snow leopard (Panthera uncia) |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1994 |
Publication |
J Reprod Fertil |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume ![sorted by Volume (numeric) field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
102 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
229-236 |
Keywords |
Animal; Carnivora; physiology; Comparative; study; Fsh; Blood; Gonadotropins; Pituitary; Lh; Male; Seasons; Semen; Sperm; Motility; Spermatozoa; cytology; Testosterone; browse; 180 |
Abstract |
The annual reproductive cycle of the male snow leopard (Panthera uncia) was characterized by evaluating seminal and endocrine traits monthly. Testicular volume was greatest (P < 0.05) during the winter months when the quality of ejaculate was optimal. Ejaculate volume, total sperm concentration ml-1, motile sperm concentration per ejaculate, sperm morphology and sperm motility index were lowest during the summer and autumn months compared with the winter and spring. Peripheral LH, FSH and testosterone concentrations were also lowest during the summer months, increasing during the autumn just before the increase in semen quality, and were maximal during the winter months. There was a direct relationship (P < 0.01) between: (1) testosterone and testicular volume, total sperm concentration ml-1, motile sperm concentration per ejaculate and ejaculate volume, and (2) LH and testicular volume and motile sperm concentration per ejaculate. In summary, although spermatozoa were recovered throughout the year, optimal gamete quality was observed during the winter and spring. Although previous studies in felids have demonstrated seasonal effects on either seminal or endocrine traits, this is the first study to demonstrate a distinct effect of season on both pituitary and testicular function. |
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0022-4251 |
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Document Type: eng |
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SLN @ rana @ 252 |
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504 |
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Namgail, T., Bagchi, S. Bhatnagar, Y.V., Wangchuk, R. |
Title |
Occurrence of the Tibetan Sand Fox Vulpes Ferrilata Hodgson in Ladakh: A new record for the Indian subcontinent |
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Journal Article |
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2005 |
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Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society |
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102 |
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2 |
Pages |
217-219 |
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SLN @ rana @ |
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1312 |
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Gripenberg, U.; Blomqvist, L.; Pamilo, P.; Soderlnd, V.; Tarkkanene, A.; Whalberg, C.; Varvio-Aho, S.L.; Virtaranta-Knowles, K. |
Title |
Multiple Ocular Colomboma (MOC) in Snow Leopards |
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Conference Article |
Year |
1988 |
Publication |
Hereditas |
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103 |
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221-229 |
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medical; veterinary; medicine; colombomas; browse; 4120 |
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Internation Snow Leopard Trust and The Wildlife Institute of India |
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H.Freeman |
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Full text available at URLTitle, Monographic: Fifth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Srinigar, IndiaDate of Copyright: 1988 |
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SLN @ rana @ 414 |
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355 |
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Hochstrasser, K.; Wachter, E.; Reisinger, P.W.; Greim, M.; Albrecht, G.J.; Gebhard, W. |
Title |
Amino acid sequences of mammalian kazal-type proteinase inhibitors from salivary glands |
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Journal Article |
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1993 |
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Comp Biochem Physiol B |
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Volume ![sorted by Volume (numeric) field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
106 |
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1 |
Pages |
103-108 |
Keywords |
Amino; Acid; Sequence; Animal; Carnivora; Comparative; study; Cysteine; chemistry; Glycosylation; Mink; Molecular; Data; Protease; Inhibitors; Salivary; Proteins; species; Specificity; Submandibular; Gland; Trypsin; Inhibitor; Kazal; Pancreatic; browse; 200 |
Abstract |
1. The amino acid sequences of bikazins (the double-headed Kazal-type proteinase inhibitors from submandibular glands) isolated from the snow leopard (Unica unica), the European mink (Mustela lutreola), and the European pine marten (Martes martes) were determined. 2. N-terminal domains of bikazins are characterized by a cysteine residue spacing that differs from that of C-terminal domains of bikazins and other Kazal-type proteinase inhibitor domains. 3. N-terminal sequences of bikazins seem to be specific for, and highly conserved within, each Carnivora family. |
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0305-0491 |
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Document Type: eng |
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SLN @ rana @ 202 |
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385 |
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Author |
Keen, B. |
Title |
The snow leopard (illicit furs) |
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Journal Article |
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1984 |
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New Statesman |
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107 |
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20 |
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fur; coat; poaching; conservation; browse; 1200 |
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SLN @ rana @ 72 |
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528 |
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Dickman, A., Macdonald, E., Macdonald, D. |
Title |
A review of financial instruments to pay for predator conservation and encourage human–carnivore coexistence |
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Journal Article |
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2011 |
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PNAS |
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108 |
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34 |
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13937–13944 |
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human-carnivore conflict, payments for ecosystem services |
Abstract |
One of the greatest challenges in biodiversity conservation today is how to facilitate protection of species that are highly valued at a global scale but have little or even negative value at a local scale. Imperiled species such as large predators can impose significant economic costs at a local level, often in poverty-stricken rural areas where households are least able to tolerate such costs, and impede efforts of local people, especially traditional pastoralists, to escape from poverty. Furthermore, the costs and benefits involved in predator conservation often include diverse dimensions, which are hard to quantify and nearly impossible to reconcile with one another. The best chance of effective conservation relies upon translating the global value of carnivores into tangible local benefits large enough to drive conservation “on the ground.” Although human–carnivore coexistence involves significant noneconomic values, providing financial incentives to those affected negatively by carnivore presence is a common strategy for encouraging such coexistence, and this can also have important benefits in terms of reducing poverty. Here, we provide a critical overview of such financial instruments, which we term “payments to encourage coexistence”; assess the pitfalls and potentials of these methods, particularly compensation and insurance, revenuesharing, and conservation payments; and discuss how existing strategies of payment to encourage coexistence could be combined to facilitate carnivore conservation and alleviate local poverty. |
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http://www.pnas.org/content/108/34/13937 |
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1362 |
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Author |
Pal, R., Bhattacharya, T., Sathyakumar, S. |
Title |
Woolly flying squirrel Eupetaurus Cinereus: A new addition to the diet of snow leopard Panthera Uncia |
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Short Note |
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2020 |
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Journal Bombay Natural History Society |
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Volume ![sorted by Volume (numeric) field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
117 |
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1606 |
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McCarthy, T.; Fuller, T.; Munkhtsog, B. |
Title |
Movements and activities of snow leopards in Southwestern Mongolia |
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Miscellaneous |
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2005 |
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124 |
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527-537 |
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snow leopard; Uncia uncia; Mongolia; satellite radio-telemetry; home range; activity patterns; 6310 |
Abstract |
Four adult (2M:2F) snow leopards (Uncia uncia) were radio-monitored (VHF; one also via satellite) year-round during 1994-1997 in the Altai Mountains of southwestern Mongolia where prey densities (i.e., ibex, Capra siberica) were relatively low (0.9/km2). Marked animals were more active at night (51%) than during the day (35%). Within the study area, marked leopards showed strong a.nity for steep and rugged terrain, high use of areas rich in ungulate prey, and a.nity for habitat edges. The satellite-monitored leopard moved more than 12 km on 14% of consecutive days monitored. Home ranges determined by standard telemetry techniques overlapped substantially and were at least 13-141 km2in size. However, the satellite-monitored individual apparently ranged over an area of at least 1590 km2, and perhaps over as much as 4500 km2. Since telemetry attempts from the ground were
frequently unsuccessful dx¬ 72%_, we suspect all marked animals likely had large home ranges. Relatively low prey abundance in the area also suggested that home ranges of >500 km2were not unreasonable to expect, though these are >10-fold larger than measured in any other part of snow leopard range. Home ranges of snow leopards may be larger than we suspect in many areas, and thus estimation of snow leopard conservation status must rigorously consider logistical constraints inherent in telemetry studies, and the relative abundance of prey. |
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Journal Title: Biological Conservation |
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SLN @ rana @ 609 |
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665 |
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Golla, T. R., Tensen, L., Vipin, Kumar, K., Kumar, S., Gaur, A. |
Title |
Neutral and adaptive genetic variation in Indian snow leopards, Panthera uncia |
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Journal Article |
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2023 |
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Current Science |
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Volume ![sorted by Volume (numeric) field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
125 |
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2 |
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204-209 |
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Adaptive evolution, balancing selection, cap- tive breeding, genetic diversity, major histocompatibility complex. |
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In this study, we reveal patterns of genetic variation in snow leopards (Panthera uncia) by combining neutral (mtDNA, microsatellites) and adaptive (MHC II-DRB) genes. We collected 56 faecal samples from three locations in India. We observed moderate levels of microsatellite diversity (N = 30; A = 5.6; HO = 0.559). Nine unique MHC II-DRB sequences were identified in four snow leopard samples, of which 8 were novel. We found low levels of polymorphism in MHC class II-DRB exon, which was higher in captive (VA = 9.4%) compared to wild individuals (VA = 7.8%), likely as a result of a population bottleneck. |
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SLN @ rakhee @ |
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1722 |
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