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Author |
Tytar, V.; Hammer, M. |
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Title |
Expedition report: Mountain ghosts: snow leopards and other animals in the mountains of the Altai Republic, Central Asia |
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Year |
2009 |
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86 |
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Altai |
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Abstract |
This study was part of an expedition to the Altai mountains in the Kosh Agach region of the Altai Republic, run by Biosphere Expeditions from 30 June to 23 August 2008. The aim was to continue a survey of snow leopard (Uncia uncia) in this area, as well as surveying the snow leopard's primary prey species, argali (Ovis ammon) and Siberian ibex (Capra sibirica), together with secondary prey species.
Using the Snow Leopard Information Management System (SLIMS) developed by the International Snow Leopard Trust (ISLT), presence/absence surveys (SLIMS form 1) of snow leopard and prey species were conducted throughout the study period across the entire survey area (approximately 200 square kilometers). In 2007 surveys were extended to areas away from the Tapduair massif site to the valley and surrounding ridges of Irbistu Mountain, Tara Valley and Karaghem Mountain Pass. Interviews with local, semi-nomadic herders also formed an important part of the research procedure. The expedition also collected data for extended mammal, bird and plant inventories.
The fluctuations in numbers of the primary prey species observed recently could make it very likely that food availability is not in favour of the snow leopard in the study area. In addition human disturbance is considered to be a severe threat. This is supported by the fact that in 2006 there were no records of snow leopard sign in the core area, in 2007 only a few were found, and in 2008 no records whatever. Nevertheless, the study area still retains its importance as a habitat for snow leopard and as a corridor for snow leopard dispersal. The survey area urgently needs protection, but involving the local community and raising public awareness is vital if conservation initiatives are to succeed. Today work on establishing four additional nature parks in the Republic of Tuva and the Sailugem Nature Reserve in the Republic of Altai that will protect the biggest Russian population of the snow leopard is in progress. |
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Biosphere Expeditions |
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Expedition dates: 30 June – 23 August 2008 |
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SLN @ rana @ |
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1144 |
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Author |
Tytar, V.; Hammer, M. |
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Title |
Expedition report: Mountain ghosts: snow leopards and other animals in the mountains of the Altai Republic, Central Asia |
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2008 |
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Altai |
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Abstract |
This study was part of an expedition to the Altai mountains in the Kosh Agach region of the Altai Republic, run by Biosphere Expeditions from 8 July to 17 August 2007. The aim was to continue a survey of snow leopard (Uncia uncia) in this area, as well as surveying the snow leopard's primary prey species, argali (Ovis ammon) and Siberian ibex (Capra sibirica), together with secondary prey species.
Using the Snow Leopard Information Management System (SLIMS) developed by the International Snow Leopard Trust (ISLT), presence/absence surveys (SLIMS form 1) of snow leopard and prey species were conducted throughout the study period across the entire survey area (approximately 200 square kilometers). In 2007 surveys were extended to areas away from the Tapduair massif site to the valley and surrounding ridges of Irbistu mountain. Interviews with local, semi-nomadic herders also formed an important part of the research procedure. The expedition also collected data for extended mammal, bird and plant inventories.
The decrease in numbers of the primary prey species observed recently makes it very likely that food availability is not in favour of the snow leopard in the study area. This is supported by the fact that in 2006 there were no records of snow leopard sign in the core area and in 2007 only a few were found.
Nevertheless, the study area retains its importance as a habitat for snow leopard and as a corridor for snow leopard dispersal. Unfortunately, privatisation of formerly common land is on the increase as is a lack of respect traditional land management practices, so the survey area urgently needs protection, but involving the local community and raising public awareness is vital if conservation initiatives are to succeed. |
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Expedition dates: 8 July – 17 August 2007 |
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1143 |
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Author |
Tytar, V.; Hammer, M. |
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Title |
Expedition report: Surveying snow leopards and other animals in the mountains of the Altai Republic, central Asia |
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Year |
2007 |
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90 |
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Altai |
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Abstract |
This study was part of an expedition to the Altai mountains in the Kosh Agach region of the Altai Republic, run by Biosphere Expeditions from 2 July to 13 August 2006. The aim was to continue a survey of snow leopard (Uncia uncia) in this area, as well as surveying the snow leopard's primary prey species, argali (Ovis ammon) and Siberian ibex (Capra sibirica), together with secondary prey species.
Using the Snow Leopard Information Management System (SLIMS) developed by the International Snow Leopard Trust (ISLT), presence/absence surveys (SLIMS form 1) of snow leopard and prey species, as well as relative abundance studies (SLIMS form 2), were conducted throughout the study period across the entire survey area (approximately 200 square kilometers). Interviews with local, semi-nomadic herders also formed an important part of the research procedure. The expedition also collected data for extended mammal, bird and plant inventories.
In 2006 there were no records of snow leopard sign in the core area, but outside of it to the northwest. Presuming an increase in numbers of the primary prey species (particularly the Siberian ibex), it is very likely that other factors (perhaps poaching and other sorts of human disturbance) are gaining an overwhelming impact on snow leopard presence in the study area. Nevertheless, the study area retains its importance as a habitat for snow leopard and as a corridor for snow leopard dispersal. The survey area urgently needs protection, but involving the local community is vital if conservation initiatives are to succeed. |
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Biosphere Expeditions |
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SLN @ rana @ |
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1142 |
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Author |
Tytar, V.; McGregor, T.; Hammer; M. |
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Title |
Expedition report: Surveying snow leopards and other animals in the mountains of the Altai Republic, central Asia |
Type |
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Year |
2007 |
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68 |
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Altai |
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This study was part of an expedition to the Altai mountains in the Kosh Agach region of the Altai Republic, run by Biosphere Expeditions from 3 July to 26 August 2005. The aim was to continue a survey of snow leopard (Uncia uncia) in this area, as well as surveying the snow leopard's primary prey species, argali (Ovis ammon) and Siberian ibex (Capra sibirica), together with secondary prey species.
Using the Snow Leopard Information Management System (SLIMS) developed by the International Snow Leopard Trust (ISLT), presence/absence surveys (SLIMS form 1) of snow leopard and prey species, as well as relative abundance studies (SLIMS form 2), were conducted throughout the study period across the entire survey area (approximately 200 square kilometres). Interviews with local, semi-nomadic herders also formed an important part of the research procedure. The expedition also collected data for extended mammal, bird and plant inventories.
Fresh signs of snow leopard presence recorded this year are an indication that the core area is being repeatedly used, due, perhaps, to the tentative increase in the pool numbers of the primary prey species, particularly Siberian ibex. Continued surveys show that the habitat is varied and capable of sustaining a healthy prey base for snow leopard. This, together with evidence from local people, confirmed the importance of the study area as a habitat for snow leopard and as a corridor for snow leopard dispersal. The survey area urgently needs protection, but involving the local community is vital if conservation initiatives are to succeed. |
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Biosphere Expeditions |
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SLN @ rana @ |
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1141 |
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Author |
Tytar, V.; Hammer, M. |
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Title |
Expedition report: Surveying snow leopards and other animals in the mountains of the Altai Republic, central Asia |
Type |
Report |
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Year |
2006 |
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68 |
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Altai |
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This study was part of an expedition to the Altai mountains in the Kosh Agach region of the Altai Republic, run by Biosphere Expeditions from 20 June to 13 August 2004. The aim was to conduct a continuing survey of snow leopard (Uncia uncia) in this area, as well as surveying the snow leopard's primary prey species, argali (Ovis ammon) and Siberian ibex (Capra sibirica), together with secondary prey species.
Using the Snow Leopard Information Management System (SLIMS) developed by the International Snow Leopard Trust (ISLT), presence/absence surveys (SLIMS form 1) of snow leopard and prey species, as well as relative abundance studies (SLIMS form 2), were conducted throughout the study period across the entire survey area (approximately 200 sq km). Interviews with local, semi-nomadic herders also formed an important part of the research procedure. The expedition also collected data for extended mammal, bird and plant inventories.
No evidence was found implying a resident animal and/or more than one snow leopard in the research area. The only finding of one rather old scat sample (very likely belonging to the species), shows that snow leopards recorded in the year before may have left the area, been poached or visit it only sporadically. However, surveys show that the habitat is varied and capable of sustaining a healthy prey base for snow leopard, This, together with evidence from local people, confirmed the importance of the study area as a habitat for snow leopard and as a corridor for snow leopard dispersal. The survey area urgently needs protection but involving the local community is vital if conservation initiatives are to succeed.
Abstract also available in Russian. |
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Biosphere Expeditions |
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SLN @ rana @ |
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1140 |
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Author |
McGregor, T..; Hammer, M. |
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Title |
Expedition report: Surveying snow leopards and other animals in the mountains of the Altai Republic, central Asia |
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2005 |
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60 |
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Keywords |
Altai, snow leopard |
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This study was part of an expedition to the Altai mountains in the Kosh Agach region of the Altai Republic, run by Biosphere Expeditions from 6 July to 29 August 2003. The aim was to conduct the first survey of snow leopard (Uncia uncia) in this area, as well as surveying the snow leopard’s main prey species; in this case argali (Ovis amon) and Siberian ibex (Capra ibex sibirica) together with secondary prey species.
Using the Snow Leopard Information Management System (SLIMS) developed by the International Snow Leopard Trust (ISLT), presence/absence surveys (SLIMS form 1) of snow leopard and prey species were conducted throughout the study period across the entire survey area (approximately 200 sq km). Interviews with local, semi-nomadic herders also formed an important part of the research procedure. cat collected in the field was sent to Brunel University where it is awaiting DNA analysis. The expedition also collected data on local geology and generated mammal, bird and plant inventories.
Surveying a very large study area without snow cover made it difficult to find signs of snow leopard and primary prey species. Despite these constraints, snow leopard sign was found in each of the four two-week slots of the expedition. The field evidence indicated there was at least one resident adult. This, together with evidence from local people, confirmed the importance of the study area as a habitat for snow leopard and as a corridor for snow leopard dispersal. The survey area urgently needs protection but involving the local community is vital if conservation initiatives are to succeed. |
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Biosphere Expeditions |
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Expedition dates: 6 July – 29 August 2003 |
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SLN @ rana @ |
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1147 |
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Author |
Allen, P., McCarthy, T., Bayarjargal, A. |
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Title |
Conservation de la panthere des neiges (Uncia uncia) avec les eleveurs de Mongolie |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2002 |
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48-53 |
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La panthère des neiges (Uncia uncia) est un grand félin des régions montagneuses d’Asie Centrale. Elle est menacée par le braconnage et la fragmentation de son habitat. L’impact de la prédation des panthères des neiges sur le bétail a été
étudié en Mongolie. Les recherches ont porté sur la dynamique des troupeaux domestiques, l’importance numérique et financière des pertes ainsi que la perception des panthères par les éleveurs. Les panthères s’attaquent le plus souvent à des animaux de grande taille mais les éleveurs restent en majorité favorables à leur protection. Pour concilier conservation de ce prédateur et attente des communautés pastorales, un projet dénommé IRBIS ENTERPRISES a été créé. Un mécanisme assure des revenus supplémentaires aux éleveurs par la vente de produits issus du bétail en échange d’une protection total des panthères et
de leurs proies. |
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French |
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Notes |
Translated by G. Chapron |
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SLN @ rana @ |
Serial |
1134 |
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Author |
Ale, S., Thapa, K., Jackson, R., Smith, J.L.D. |
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Title |
The fate of snow leopards in and around Mt. Everest |
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Journal Article |
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2010 |
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Cat News |
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53 |
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Autumn |
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19-21 |
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Mt. Everest, Everest, Rolwaling, snow leopard, re-colonize, Nepal |
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Abstract |
Since the early 2000s snow leopards Panthera uncia have re-colonized the southern slopes of Mt. Everest after several decades of extirpation. Are they now beginning to disperse to the adjoining valleys that may serve as habitat corridors linking the Everest region to other protected areas in Nepal? We conducted a cursory survey in autumn 2009 in Rolwaling lying west of Mt. Everest and detected snow leopard presence. We conclude that in these remote valleys snow leopards must rely upon livestock given the low abundance of natural prey, Himalayan tahr. Livestock-rearing is unfortunately declining in the region. Rolwaling requires immediate conservation attention for the continued survival of the endangered snow leopard and other high altitude flora and fauna. |
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SLN @ rana @ |
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1181 |
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Author |
Ale, S., Shrestha, B., and Jackson, R. |
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Title |
On the status of Snow Leopard Panthera Uncia (Schreber 1775) in Annapurna, Nepal |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
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Journal of Threatened Taxa |
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6(3) |
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5534-5543 |
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Annapurna, Blue Sheep, Buddhism, camera-trapping, Himalayas, Mustang, sign-survey, Snow Leopard. |
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SLN @ rakhee @ |
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1407 |
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Author |
Ale, S.B., Brown, J.S. |
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Prey behavior leads to predator: a case study of the Himalayan tahr and the snow leopard in Sagarmatha (Mt. Everest) National Park, Nepal |
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Journal Article |
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2009 |
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Israel Journal of Ecology & Evolution |
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55 |
Issue |
4 |
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315-327 |
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vigilance, fear, behavioral indicator, predator, prey, snow leopard, Himalayan tahr, Mount Everest |
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Rare, elusive predators offer few sightings, hindering research with small sample sizes and lack of experimentation. While predators may be elusive, their prey are more readily observed. Prey respond to the presence of a predator, and these fear responses may have population- and community-level consequences. Anti-predator behaviors, such as vigilance, allow us to sidestep the difficulty of direct field studies of large predators by studying them indirectly. Here we used a behavioral indicator, the vigilance behavior of the Himalayan tahr, the snow leopard’s main local prey, to reveal the distribution and habitat use of snow leopards in the Mt. Everest region of Nepal. We combined techniques of conventional field biology with concepts of foraging theory to study prey behavior in order to obtain insights into the predator’s ecology. The Himalayan tahr’s vigilance behavior correlates with the distribution of snow leopard signs. Tahr actually led us to six sightings of snow leopards. We conclude that behavioral indicators provided by prey offer a valuable tool for studying and monitoring stealthy and rare carnivores. |
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Science from Israel, a division of LPPLtd. |
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Israel |
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English |
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English |
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1109 |
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