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Medvedev, D. G. (1990). The Snow Leopard in the Eastern Sayan Mountains. International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards, 6, 17–19.
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Medvedev D.G. (2003). Distribution and migration of the snow leopard in Baikal region.
Abstract: It provided description of snow leopard distribution in Eastern Sayan, South Transbaikalia and mountains of Baikal lake as well as its migratory ways within the region.
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Matyushkin E.N. (1984). Snow leopard, or irbis Uncia uncia Scheber, 1775 (Vol. Vol.1.).
Abstract: Snow leopard Uncia uncia Scheber, 1775, was included in the Red Data Book of the USSR and given status III rare species with small habitat. It provides information about its distribution (from Pamir and West Tien Shan to East Sayans), habitat, biology, number, threats, and existing and required protection measures. Total number in the USSR is about 2,000 animals. There were 194 snow leopards in the zoos throughout the world at the beginning of 1980. In the USSR the species is under protection in nature reserves as follows: Ramit, Chatkal, Besh Aral, Aksu Jabagly, Sary Chelek, Almaty, Altai.
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Marma B.B.and Yunchis V.V. (1968). A contribution to biology of the Snow-leopard (Panthera uncia uncia) (by observations in captivity) (Vol. XLVII, issue 11.).
Abstract: The methods to obtain the progeny of the snow leopard (Panthera uncia uncia) in captivity were being elaborated in the zoological garden of Kaunas, Lithuanian SSR. The blood characteristics for snow leopards is given and compared to that for African lions and Sumatrian tigers. A series of internal, external and clinical indices is established. The rat lasts for 5-7 day, the duration of pregnancy equals 98 days. The duration of lactation varies from 3 to 4 months. Sexual maturity is attained on the 3rd-4th year. From 1960 to 1967 in zoological garden of the world about 29 snow leopards were born, 14 of them in the Kaunas zoological garden.
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Lukarevskiy V.S. (2003). Peculiarities of communicative behavior of leopard, irbis, lynx, and caracal.
Abstract: It gives the description of communicative behavioral system (visual, olfactory and vocal elements) for two groups of large Felidae species such as leopard-irbis and lynx-caracal. General and specific behavioral regularities are given.
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Loginov, O. (1997). Status and Conservation of Snow Leopard in Kazakstan. In R.Jackson, & A.Ahmad (Eds.), (pp. 39–41). Lahore, Pakistan: International Snow Leopard Trust.
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Loginov O. (1995). Status and Conservation of Snow Leopard in Kazakhstan.
Abstract: Snow leopards are to be found in the most extreme eastern, southeastern and southern mountainous regions, including the Altai. Saur, Tarbagatai. Dzhungarian, Alatau, Northern and Western Tian-Shan ranges. The snow leopard or irbis is the most rare in eastern Kazakstan in the ranges of Katunskie Belki, South Altai, Kurchumski, Sarymsakty, Saur and Tarbagatai. Total snow leopard population in Kazakstan is estimated at no more than 100-110 animals, including 20-25 in the central part of the Zailisky-Alatau. Although there are nine protected areas in Kazakstan, snow leopards are only regularly reported
from the Aksu-Dzhabagly and Almaty reserves and occasionally in Markakolsky Reserve. The major threats to the species include: Deliberate poaching with the aim of selling the valuable fur of the snow leopard; habitat loss resulting from the expansion of human activity in its mountain habitat, and deliberate or retaliatory killing by shepherds in response to predation upon livestock.
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Lesnyak A.P. (1984). Cats in Uzbekistan's fur trade.
Abstract: Data of distribution, food, and fur trade of Felidae (North Persian leopard, snow leopard, caracal, Turkestan lynx, manul, Turkestan steppe cat, jungle cat [chaus], sand cat) in Uzbekistan is given. Snow leopard is an object of illegal hunting.
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Lavrov N.P. (1985). Snow leopard, or irbis.
Abstract: Snow leopard Uncia uncia Scheber, 1775, has status I, that is rare, non-numerous and endangered species. Information about its distribution, habitats, biology, number, existing and required conservation measures in the RSFSR and USSR is provided. Total population in the USSR is 800 1,000 animals.
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Laptev M.K. (1936). The cats – Felidae (Vol. Issue V.).
Abstract: An identification table for genus and species of Felidae family of Turkmenistan is given. The following features are used: colour, pattern, teeth formula, skull measurements, and sizes of body, head, and tail. The presence of snow leopard for Kopet-Dag is indicated.
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