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	Author	Rode, J., Pelletier, A., Fumey, J., Rode, S., Cabanat, A. L., Ouvrard, A., Chaix, B., White, B., Harnden, M., Xuan, N. T., Vereshagin, A., Casane, D.
	Title	Diachronic monitoring of snow leopards at Sarychat-Ertash State Reserve (Kyrgyzstan) through scat genotyping: a pilot study			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2020	Publication	bioRxiv	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	1-21
	Keywords	snow leopard, noninvasive genotyping, population dynamics, microsatellite, relatedness, diachronic monitoring, citizen science, Central Asia
	Abstract	Snow leopards (Panthera uncia) are a keystone species of Central Asia’s high mountain ecosystem. The species is listed as vulnerable and is elusive, preventing accurate population assessments that could inform conservation actions. Non-invasive genetic monitoring conducted by citizen scientists offers avenues to provide key data on this species that would otherwise be inaccessible. From 2011 to 2015, OSI-Panthera citizen science expeditions tracked signs of presence of snow leopards along transects in the main valleys and crests of the Sarychat-Ertash State Reserve (Kyrgyzstan). Scat samples were genotyped at seven autosomal microsatellite loci and at a X/Y locus for sex identification, which allowed estimating a minimum of 11 individuals present in the reserve from 2011 to 2015. The genetic recapture of 7 of these individuals enabled diachronic monitoring, providing indications of individuals’ movements throughout the reserve. We found putative family relationships between several individuals. Our results demonstrate the potential of this citizen science program to get a precise description of a snow leopard population through time.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
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	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1602
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	Author	Zakhidov T.Z.Meklenburtsev R.N., B.O.P.
	Title	*Snow leopard Uncia uncia* Schreb. Distribution of fauna elements over Central Asia**			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1971	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	Vol. 2. Vertebrate animals.	Issue		Pages	234-235
	Keywords	Central Asia; snow leopard; distribution; preys; behavior; practical value.; 8670; Russian
	Abstract	Snow leopard inhabits the mountainous ecosystems from Tarbagatai to Hissar and Pamir. It feeds upon large animals such as ibex, argali, roe deer, and sometimes domestic sheep, rodents, and birds (most frequently snow cock). The skin of this animal is not of significant value and is rarely an item of trade. In many countries, zoos will readily buy snow leopards. There is no danger for a man to catch snow leopard since even being wounded during a hunt, the animal would never attack the man. An encounter with snow leopard in the mountains will always end safely for human being, as it is always first to spot a man and go away unnoticed.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Nature and fauna of Central Asia.			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 844			Serial	1069
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	Author	Vashetko E.V.
	Title	Snow Leopard bibliography in Central Asia			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	2004	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	358-383
	Keywords	Central Asia; bibliography; snow leopard.; 8470; Russian
	Abstract	Reference List of the Snow Leopard investigation included publications on the studying various questions of ecology and conservation of the Snow Leopard in Central Asia (355) for the period with 1851 for 2004. The most important work on this species in the region, as well as results of the analysis of timing of publications was described.
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	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
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	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Status and perspectives of the protected area network in Central Asia.			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 824			Serial	982
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	Author	Syroyechkovskiy E.E.
	Title	Kazakhstan and Central Asia			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1975	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	223-231
	Keywords	Central Asia; Kazakhstan; fauna; snow leopard; distribution.; 8370; Russian
	Abstract	Common features, origin, and landscape and zonal peculiarities of fauna in Kazakhstan and Central Asia are described. This region is part of the Mediterranean and Central Asia sub-zone of Golarctic, while north-eastern part of Kazakhstan is incorporated in the Round-boreal sub-zone. The main features of nature (sharply continental climate, vast valleys and well-marked zoning combined with a sophisticated system of vertical mountain zoning) stipulate the abundance and diversity of fauna. There are over 100 fish species, some 100 reptile and amphibian species, about 500 bird and 160 mammal species here. Snow leopard can be found in Kazakhstan's part of the Altai, in the Tien Shan and Pamir mountains.
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	Corporate Author				Thesis
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	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Fauna of the USSR.			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 815			Serial	954
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	Author	Riddell, Mand L.G.
	Title	Snow Leopard Expedition Kazakhstan 2004			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	2004	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Kazakhstan; snow leopard; expedition; Central Asia; ecotourism; map; 5730
	Abstract	This Newcastle University Expedition reviewed the conflict between man and snow leopard in the region east of Tekeli in the Dzhungarian Alatau range, Kazakhstan. After the soviet state breakup in 1991 snow leopards in Kazakhstan and in the other Asian republics were subjected to high levels of persecution. There are thought to be between 180-200 snow leopards in Kazakhstan, of which 37-40 individuals inhabit the Dzhungarian Mountains. No work has been done previously to review the present snow leopard-human conflicts in this region, and this project looked to update previous reports from Central Asia about predominant conflicts in these regions. The expedition team worked with the Institute of Zoology in Kazakhstan and two of the six person team were Kazakh students. Methods comparable to those used in previous studies were used to map and rank the threats in the western area of the range, over an eight week period. The expedition team lived in the mountains for periods of two-three weeks, carrying all their food and equipment and using local vehicles, horses and trekking to move from pasture to pasture. Semi-structured interviews, key informant interviews and prey counts were used to assess snow leopard-human conflicts including poaching of snow leopard, poaching of leopard wild prey, human disturbance and livestock overgrazing. The results from the report support much previous work from Kazakhstan and other areas in Central Asia, but serve as a useful update shedding light on an optimistic future for snow leopard conservation while highlighting what the expedition team perceives to be the major threats to snow leopards. The threats to snow leopards, in order of relevance from most to least, are loss of prey predominantly through hunting by local people (both legal and illegal), direct hunting of snowleopard for pelt/medicine, disturbance by herders on the pastures, snow leopard habitat fragmentation around the mountain bases, and least importantly overgrazing by domestic livestock. Retaliatory kills by herders are not a threat in the region and on livestock were killed by snow leopards. Levels of all hunting, legal and illegal, need to be reduced in the range until wildlife populations have recovered significantly from the mid-1990's over-hunting period. Levels of rural corruption among many stakeholders were high around the mountain region, and are thought to contribute negatively to wildlife conservation in the area. Ecotourism in the area, that incorporates local people around the mountain region, is proposed as a solution to offer local people's incentives to lower hunting levels. This report makes the following main recommendations: ÿStrengthening law enforcement capacity ÿIncreasing the number of ecological rangers ÿIncreasing incentives of ecological rangers to prevent poaching ÿEquipping the ecological rangers more sufficiently ÿMore effective communication between ranger and National Park administrative regions ÿThe involvement of all stakeholders in wildlife conservation including military officials and local herders ÿWhistle blower policies to prevent illegal trade in all animals in the region ÿMore geographic consistency between present and proposed protected areas in the region Accurate snow leopard monitoring to build on valuable information previously collected in Kazakhstan Provision of local incentives (ecotourism and community based hunting reserves) to reduce local hunting and local unemployment around the mountains Increased interest and technical assistance in Kazakhstan from conservation International Non-Governmental Organizations More government fund for the Institute of Zoology Stronger cross border (Kazakhstan-China) legislation implementation Further research could involve establishing an annual, standardized, snow leopard survey in the range, or could compare these findings of threats to snow leopards to other regions in Kazakhstan (eg. The Altai) or Central Asia. This report has been replicated for all the expedition sponsors, put on the internet, and distributed among contacts in the snow leopard conservation community. The expedition team also spent some time exploring and photographing some of the remoter valleys around the study pastures, and made a short video of the teams exploits. Links were made between KIMEP University in Almaty, and Newcastle University, registered a research centre with the Royal Geographical Society, and lectured about the Dzhungarian range and snow leopard conservation at; the Royal Geographical Society, Newcastle University, Royal Zoological Society for Scotland(Edinburgh Zoo), and Wilderness Lecturers (Bristol).
	Address
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	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 283			Serial	816
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	Author	Puzanov I.I.
	Title	Central Asia sub-area			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1938	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	240-244
	Keywords	Central Asia; fauna; snow leopard.; 8020; Russian
	Abstract	The author describes fauna of the Central Asia sub-area. Snow leopard is a typical inhabitant of the sub-area highlands.
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	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Zoogeography.			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 780			Serial	797
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	Author	Novikov G.A.
	Title	Sub-genus UNCIA Gray			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1956	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	274-277
	Keywords	Ussr; Central Asia; uncia; snow leopard; taxonomy; distribution; habitats; highly mountain; reproduction; Migration; use.; 7760; Russian
	Abstract	Identification features of the sub-genus Uncia (colour; length of body and tail; shoulder height, and skull measurements) are given. Distribution, habitat, way of life, reproduction biology, behavioural patterns, migration routes, commercial value of snow leopard in the USSR is described.
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	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Predatory mammals of the USSR fauna.			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 754			Serial	726
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	Author	Mishra, C.; Madhusudan, M.D.
	Title	An Incentive Scheme for Wildlife Conservation in the Indian Trans-Himalaya			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2002	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	snow; leopard; asia; south; central; uncia; depredation; livestock; India; Himalaya; Himalayan; conservation; prey; density; 5010
	Abstract	The habitat of the snow leopard Uncia uncia across South and Central Asia is subject to extensive pastoral use. Levels of livestock depredation by the snow leopard and other carnivores in the region are high, and often provokes retaliatory killing by the herders. This direct threat to large carnivores is further aggravated by a depletion of wild prey due to poaching and out-competition by livestock. In this paper, we describe a pilot project in the Indian Trans-Himalaya, which uses an incentive scheme to create areas free from livestock grazing on community-owned land, thereby fostering conservation commitment among local pastoralists, as well as contributing directly to an enhancement of wild prey density.
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	Publisher	Islt	Place of Publication	Islt	Editor
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	Notes	Title, Monographic: Proceedings of the Snow Leopard Survival SummitPlace of Meeting: Seattle,WA			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 487			Serial	692
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	Author	Laptev M.K.
	Title	The cats – Felidae			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1929	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	Issue I.	Issue		Pages	55-60
	Keywords	Central Asia; Felidae; snow leopard; taxonomy; distribution.; 7550; Russian
	Abstract	It describes identification features of the Felidae family species (ItŒ¤ŒlŒbus, A¤inŒn¢o, L¢no, Oigris, D…rdus, Uncia, r†m…†lurus, ¥…a…¤…l, ¥atolynx, Felis): colour, body size and skull length, length of limbs, presence or absence of ear-brushes, cheek-bones width, nasal bones, palatine bone, rapacious tooth, and acoustical capsules.
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	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Central Asia mammals Guide (insectivorous, bats, predators, and ungulates).			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 733			Serial	611
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	Author	Kuznetzov B.A.
	Title	Materials on mammal fauna in Central Asia. Central Asian mountainous province			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1963	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	116-121
	Keywords	Central Asia; mountains; fauna; snow leopard; distribution.; 7520; Russian
	Abstract	It provides a list of mammals of Central Asia (species and sub-species) indicating their main habitats, and undertakes an attempt to zone fauna of Central Asia based on data collected by the world science community concerning distribution of various mammal species over the country. Snow leopard Uncia uncia Schr. was indicated to inhabit the mountains of Central Asia.
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	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
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	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Biology, biogeography, and taxonomy of mammals in the USSR. Proceeding of MOIP.			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 730			Serial	604
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	Author	Kuznetsov B.A.
	Title	The mountainous province in Central Asia			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1950	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	Edition 20th. (XXXV). New series. Zoological secti	Issue		Pages	141-144
	Keywords	Central Asia; landscapes; biodiversity; mountain zone; fauna; snow leopard.; 7510; Russian
	Abstract	The landscape and biologic diversity of Central Asia's mountains are described. Different types of fauna complexes are segregated. Snow leopard, dhole, and ibex are referred to Central Asia's highland species.
	Address
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	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
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	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Essay on geographical zoning in the USSR.			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 729			Serial	600
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	Author	Krever V.
	Title	Ecosystems of the High Mountains Species of Special Interest in Uzbekistan			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1998	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	55-59
	Keywords	Central Asia; mountain ecosystem; fauna; vertebrates; endangered species; threats; protected areas network; snow leopard.; 7470; Russian
	Abstract	It gives description complexes of mountain ecosystems fauna of Central Asia, endangered vertebrates, main threats to biodiversity and existing protected areas network. Among the rare animal species of the alpine and subalpine meadows first of all should be listed the West Tien Shan endemic, the Menzbier's marmot (Marmota menzbien); the markhor wild goat which still inhabits the Vakhsh range in Tadjikistan; the dhole (Cyon alpinus) which is practically extinct; the Tien Shan bear (Ursus arctos isabellinus), and the snow leopard (Uncia uncia); among birds, the wlute-chested dove (Columba leuconota), sandgrouse (Syrrhaptes tibetanus, snowcocks (Tetraogallus tibetanus, T.altaicus) and bearded vulture (Gypaetus barbatus).
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	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Biodiversity Conservation in Central Asia. An Analysis of Biodiversity and Current Threats and Initial Investment Portfolio.			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 725			Serial	596
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	Author	Koshkarev E.
	Title	About snow leopard			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	2001	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	Vol. 8.	Issue		Pages	148-151
	Keywords	Central Asia; status; poaching; conservation measures; snow leopard.; 7290; Russian
	Abstract	In 1980-s, in Central Asia there were 1,500-1,700 snow leopards: 800-900 in Kyrgyzstan, 500 in Tajikistan, 200 in Kazakhstan, and 100 in Uzbekistan. During the last century the number of snow leopard was constantly decreasing, though a its drastic reduction was observed after the collapse of the Soviet Union because of increased poaching for snow leopard and its objects of prey. The highest level of poaching was observed to occur in Kyrgyzstan. Kyrgyzstan's population of snow leopard reduced to 200 animals. A decrease of snow leopard number in other parts of its habitat with less intense hunting (Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, south-west Kyrgyzstan) was mostly because of depletion of food resources (population of ungulates reduced five eight times). The reasons are corruption and unemployment. In order to improve the situation it is required to improve regulatory framework and replicate existing positive experience in economic motivation of nature protection activities.
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	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
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	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Biological diversity of the West Tien Shan (Kazakhstan part). Proceedings of the Aksu Jabagly state nature reserve.			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 707			Serial	557
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	Author	Koshkarev E.
	Title	What has happened to the snow leopard after the break-up of Soviet Union?			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	2000	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	4 (19)	Issue		Pages	72
	Keywords	Central Asia; status; poaching; conservation measures; snow leopard.; 7280; Russian
	Abstract	It describes status of snow leopard in republics of the former Soviet Union, main reasons for poaching and negative and positive experience on species conservation. The total number of snow leopard in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan in the 1980's was at least 1200-1400. In Kazakhstan the snow leopard population totaled 180-200, in Uzbekistan around 100, and in Russia 150-200. The number and natural habitat of the species were in universal decline. Losses in Kyrgyzstan from poaching alone were no less than 30 animals per year in 1960-1980's. During this period the population in this area decreased by half, and the natural habitat by one third. With the break-up of the Soviet Union, poaching of the snow leopard and its pray grew by at least a factor of 3-4. It was estimated that 500-600 animals reduced the Kyrgyz snow leopard population in the 1990's. The population that remains today can barely be more than 150-200 individual snow leopards. The population has been physically decimated. Number of snow leopard in existence today in the former Soviet Union does not exceed 700-900 individual animals.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
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	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Nature conservation Journal.			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 706			Serial	556
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	Author	Koshkarev E.
	Title	Critical Ranges as Centres of Biodiversity			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1998	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	N 14	Issue		Pages	37-38
	Keywords	Central Asia; biodiversity; rare species; species survival; snow leopard.; 7270; Russian
	Abstract	A high percentage of rare species in Central Asia experience limited conditions for distribution. Geographic centers with higher species diversity are generally constrained in terms of territory: they are formed when ranges overlap. But in Central Asia and along its borders with Russia, centers of biodiversity overlap at the very marginal edges of ranges. Central Asian species cross into Russian territory, where desert and steppe are replaced by thick forest. Here the northern borders of their ranges are sharply fragmented and isolated. Typical examples for Central Asia are the ranges of the cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus), Asian leopard (Panthera pardus caucasica), striped hyena (Hyaena hyaena), Bukhara deer (Census elaphus bactrianus), markhor (Capra falconeri), blue sheep (Pseudois nayauf) and argali (Ovis ammon). In Russia are the Altai subspecies of argali, the Siberian argali (O.a.ammon), the mountain goat (Capra sibirica), Mongolian gazelle (Procapra gutturosa), snow leopard (Uncia uncia), Pallas' cat (Felis manul), dhole (Cuon alpinus), grey marmot (Marmota baibacina), Mongolian marmot (M. sibirica) and tolai hare (Lepus tolai). Where the numbers o f individuals has fallen to extreme lows, the most effective mechanism for species survival may be supporting the integrity of ranges, in order to preserve population exchanges between neighboring groups. The geographic location of reserves and other protected territories is vitally important for the survival of Central Asian species, given the acute fragmentation of their ranges. These reserves should include significant, viable centers of population the key places. Wherever the creation of permanent protected territories is impossible, a new tactic must be found, such as introducing temporary limitations on the use of land for agriculture and hunting. But all protected territories, whether temporary or permanent, should be connected, forming a core and periphery. The marginal range areas must not be forgotten, if total protection of endangered populations is to be accomplished.
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	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Russian Conservation News.			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 705			Serial	555
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	Author	Kolosov A.M.
	Title	Central Asia			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1975	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	93-104
	Keywords	Central Asia; mountain system; species composition; distribution; number; habitats; rare species; endemics; game species; mammals; snow leopard.; 7190; Russian
	Abstract	It describes a mammal species composition in the mountain ecosystems of Central Asia Kopetdag, Hissaro-Alai and Pamir, Tien Shan, and Tarbagatai ridge. Data on distribution and population number is presented.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
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	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Protection and enrichment of the USSR fauna.			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 697			Serial	546
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	Author	Kogan M.I.
	Title	The Kazakh SSR. The Kyrgyz SSR. The Uzbek and Tajik SSR. The Turkmen SSR			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1931	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	47, 51-52,55-57, 59, 61-62.
	Keywords	Central Asia; game species; fur-trade; snow leopard.; 7160; Russian
	Abstract	It describes geographical, soil, climatic and hydrological features of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, and Tajikistan. Types of economic activities including fur-trade are described, too. Game preserves are classified, and list of game fauna species inhabiting these republics is given. Snow leopard lives in rocky mountains and is hunted very rarely.
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	Corporate Author				Thesis
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	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Soviet Asia as a fur-trade region.			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 694			Serial	540
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	Author	Henschel, P.; Ray, J.
	Title	Leopards in African Rainforests: Survey and Monitoring Techniques			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	2003	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	forest leopards; african rainforests; survey; monitoring techniques; lope reserve; gabon; central africa; congo; zaire; field testing; populations; wild meat; relative abundance; density; live-trapping; presence and absense surveys; ad-hoc survey; bushmeat; systematic survey; monitoring; individual identification; tracks; Discriminant Function Analysis; genotyping; scat; Hair; Dna; remote photography; camera trapping; capture rates; Trailmaster; Camtrakker; bait; duikers; pigs; elephant; bongo; okapi; human hunters; 5300
	Abstract	Monitoring Techniques Forest leopards have never been systematically surveyed in African forests, in spite of their potentially vital ecological role as the sole large mammalian predators in these systems. Because leopards are rarely seen in this habitat, and are difficult to survey using the most common techniques for assessing relative abundances of forest mammals, baseline knowledge of leopard ecology and responses to human disturbance in African forests remain largely unknown. This technical handbook sums up the experience gained during a two-year study of leopards by Philipp Henschel in the Lop‚ Reserve in Gabon, Central Africa, in 2001/2002, supplemented by additional experience from carnivore studies conducted by Justina Ray in southwestern Central African Republic and eastern Congo (Zaire) . The main focus of this effort has been to develop a protocol that can be used by fieldworkers across west and central Africa to estimate leopard densities in various forest types. In developing this manual, Henschel tested several indirect methods to assess leopard numbers in both logged and unlogged forests, with the main effort devoted to testing remote photography survey methods developed for tigers by Karanth (e.g., Karanth 1995, Karanth & Nichols 1998; 2000; 2002), and modifying them for the specific conditions characterizing African forest environments. This handbook summarizes the results of the field testing, and provides recommendations for techniques to assess leopard presence/absence, relative abundance, and densities in African forest sites. We briefly review the suitability of various methods for different study objectives and go into particular detail on remote photography survey methodology, adapting previously developed methods and sampling considerations specifically to the African forest environment. Finally, we briefly discuss how camera trapping may be used as a tool to survey other forest mammals. Developing a survey protocol for African leopards is a necessary first step towards a regional assessment and priority setting exercise targeted at forest leopards, similar to those carried out on large carnivores in Asian and South American forests.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor	Wildlife Conservation Society
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	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 515			Serial	382
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	Author	Gvozdetskiy N.A.
	Title	Altitudal landscape zones			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1970	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	142-151
	Keywords	Central Asia; geobotany; zoogeography; mountain zones; Animals; snow leopard.; 6840; Russian
	Abstract	It provides geobotanic and zoogeographic description of vertical landscape zoning. Particularly, in alpine meadows and meadow steppes and partially zone of mountain plateau (“syrt”) of highland, the common species are argali (Ovis ammon poloi), ibex (Capra sibirica sakeen), snow leopard (Felis uncia), Tien Shan bear (Ursus arctos leuconyx), and red pica; very numerous are marmots and vole (Microtus gregalis). The bird fauna includes Himalayan snow-cock (Tetraogallus himalayensis), Alpine chough (Pyrrhocorax graculus), chough (P. pyrrhocorax), horned lark (Eremophila alpestris), rosefinch species. There are many waterfowl birds on the lakes. There are many Central Asian, particularly Tibetan species among the animals inhabiting highlands of the Tien Shan.
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	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
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	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Physical geography of the USSR.			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 662			Serial	364
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	Author	Green, M.J.B.
	Title	Protected Areas and Snow Leopards: Their Distribution and Status			Type	Conference Article
	Year	1988	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	3-19
	Keywords	Central Asia; asia; status; distribution; protected-areas; parks; refuge; reserves; browse; 1620
	Abstract	Considerable efforts have been devoted to conserving the snow leopard Panthera uncia in recent years, but progress has inevitably been slow due to the difficulties of studying a sparsely distributed, secretive and endangered species in often isolated mountainous terrain. Although knowledge about the species overall distribution in the highlands of Central Asia still remains fragmenatry, it is important to briefly examine all the available information in order to review measures taken to date to conserve the species through the protected areas network. The purpose of this paper is to examine the distribution and status of protected areas inhabited or visited by snow leopard in relation to the species' distribution and highlight deficiences in the present network.
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	Publisher	International Snow Leopard Trust and Wildlife Institute of India	Place of Publication	India	Editor	H.Freeman
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	Notes	Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Fifth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Srinagar, India			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 116			Serial	348
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	Author	Koshkarev E.P.
	Title	Key areas of snow leopard's habitat as main conservation objects			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1990	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	Part. 1.	Issue		Pages	97-98
	Keywords	Kazakhstan; Southern Siberia; Central Asia; Talass ridge; Chatkal ridge; Zeravshan ridge; Hissar ridge; species range; key sites; snow leopard; nature reserves.; 7260; Russian
	Abstract	The most vulnerable key areas within the snow leopard habitat are East Kazakhstan (an area of 48,000 square km) with no protected areas network established, and South Siberia (131,000 square km), where snow leopard is protected in three nature reserves. These areas are distant from main part of the habitat, isolated and have more extreme conditions. In Central Asia's key area (213,000 square km) linked to a main Chinese-Afghani part of the habitat, snow leopard was found in 11 nature reserves and two national parks. For reliable protection of this species it would be expedient to strengthen the role of the mountain nature reserves by means of extension and amalgamation of the areas, and other measures.
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	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
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	Notes	Full text available in Russian Journal Title: Environmental problems of wildlife protection.			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 704			Serial	560
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	Author	Chumakova A.V.
	Title	The Kyzylsu, Miraki, and Markakol nature reserves			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1980	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	153-155
	Keywords	Central Asia; nature reserves; Kysylsu nature reserve; Miraki nature reserve; Markakol nature reserve; establishment; soil; climate; physiographic factors; researching; plants; Animals; snow leopard.; 6470; Russian
	Abstract	A description of the Kyzylsu, Miraki, and Markakol nature reserves is given and includes as follows: data of establishment, location, physic and geographic description, types of soils, climate, vegetation, altitude zones, and fauna. In the Kyzylsu nature reserve there are 28 mammal species; in Miraki 23, and in Mirkakol 39. Snow leopard can be found in all the three nature reserves.
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	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
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	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Nature reserves of the USSR.			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 625			Serial	220
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	Author	Bobrinskiy N.A.
	Title	The mountains of Central Asia			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1951	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	382
	Keywords	Central Asia; zoogeography; mountain fauna; snow leopard.; 6320; Russian
	Abstract	Given is a general characteristic of fauna complexes in the mountains of Central Asia (Jungar Ala-Tau, Tien Shan, Hissar Alai, Kopet-Dag), peculiarities of animal distribution in association with folded mountain relief, vertical zoning, anthropogenic influence and importance of mountain fauna for human beings. It provides a description of main animal groups and is an effort of zoning fauna of the mountains of Central Asia.
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	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Geography of animals (a course of zoogeography).			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 610			Serial	179
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	Author	Bobrinskiy N.A.
	Title	Mountains of Central Asia			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1946	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	417-427
	Keywords	Central Asia; mountains; hauna; snow leopard.; 6350; Russian
	Abstract	A general description of fauna complexes of Central Asia's mountains (Djungar Ala-Tau, Tien-Shan, Gissar, Pamir, Kopet-Dag, Greater Balkhans) is given. A review of main animal groups and an attempt to zone fauna of Central Asia's mountains are made. Fauna of Central Asia's highlands with its specific variety of species (snow leopard, ibex, argali, snow cock and others) is western outpost of Inner Asia's mountain fauna. Snow leopard inhabits highlands of Djungar Ala-Tau, East and West Tien Shan, Bukhara and East Pamir.
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	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
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	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Geography of animals.			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 613			Serial	182
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	Author	Bobrinskiy N.A.
	Title	Preditors (Carnivora). The mountains of Central Asia			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1938	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	233-234
	Keywords	Central Asia; mountain system; fauna; snow leopard; wild ibex.; 6340; Russian
	Abstract	It describes fauna of the Tien Shan, Pamir and Hissar mountains of Central Asia. The mountains of Central Asia. Ibex (Capra sibirica) and snow leopard (Uncia uncia) are listed among other inhabitants of highlands in Tien Shan and Pamir Hissar.
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	Publisher		Place of Publication	1938	Editor
	Language	Russian	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
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	Notes	Full text available in Russian Journal Title: A course of zoology.			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 612			Serial	181
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