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| Author | Filla, M., Lama, R. P., Filla, T., Heurich, M., Balkenhol, N., Waltert, M., Khorozyan, I. | ||||
| Title | Patterns of livestock depredation by snow leopards and effects of intervention strategies: lessons from the Nepalese Himalaya | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2022 | Publication | Wildlife Research | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
| Keywords | Annapurna, co-existence, conservation biology, highland communities, human–wildlife conflict, large carnivore, livestock depredation, Panthera uncia, prey selection, snow leopard. | ||||
| Abstract | Context: Large carnivores are increasingly threatened by anthropogenic activities, and their protection is among the main goals of biodiversity conservation. The snow leopard (Panthera uncia) inhabits high-mountain landscapes where livestock depredation drives it into conflicts with local people and poses an obstacle for its conservation. Aims: The aim of this study was to identify the livestock groups most vulnerable to depredation, target them in implementation of practical interventions, and assess the effectiveness of intervention strategies for conflict mitigation. We present a novel attempt to evaluate intervention strategies for particularly vulnerable species, age groups, time, and seasons. Methods: In 2020, we conducted questionnaire surveys in two regions of the Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal (Manang, n = 146 respondents and Upper Mustang, n = 183). We applied sample comparison testing, Jacobs’ selectivity index, and generalised linear models (GLMs) to assess rates and spatio-temporal heterogeneity of depredation, reveal vulnerable livestock groups, analyse potential effects of applied intervention strategies, and identify husbandry factors relevant to depredation. Key results: Snow leopard predation was a major cause of livestock mortality in both regions (25.4–39.8%), resulting in an estimated annual loss of 3.2–3.6% of all livestock. The main intervention strategies (e.g. corrals during night-time and herding during daytime) were applied inconsistently and not associated with decreases in reported livestock losses. In contrast, we found some evidence that dogs, deterrents (light, music playing, flapping tape, and dung burning), and the use of multiple interventions were associated with a reduction in reported night-time depredation of yaks. Conclusions and implications: We suggest conducting controlled randomised experiments for quantitative assessment of the effectiveness of dogs, deterrents, and the use of multiple interventions, and widely applying the most effective ones in local communities. This would benefit the long-term co-existence of snow leopards and humans in the Annapurna region and beyond. |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rakhee @ | Serial | 1684 | ||
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| Author | Zinchenko Yu.K. | ||||
| Title | About characteristic of mammal fauna in the Markakol nature reserve | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year | 1989 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Part. II. | Issue | Pages | 39-41 | |
| Keywords | Kazakhstan; Markakol nature reserve; mammals; snow leopard.; 8830; Russian | ||||
| Abstract | 50 mammal species permanently live in the nature reserve. There penetrate snow leopard, wolf, corsac, and wild boar on a relatively regular basis. Moral, roe deer, and elk migrate outside the Markakol depression in winter. Though mentioned in literature as species inhabiting the nature reserve, beaver, stone marten, and dhole are not met there today. | ||||
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| Notes | Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Proceedings of All-Union conference on cadastre and fauna counts. | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 860 | Serial | 1091 | ||
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| Author | Zhiryakov V.A. | ||||
| Title | Wolves' role in biocenosis of the Almaty nature reserve (North Tien Shan) | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year | 1990 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Vol. II. | Issue | Pages | 278-279 | |
| Keywords | Kazakhstan; Almaty nature reserve; ungulates; number; livestock; red deer; roe deer; ibex; wild boar; predators; brown bear; wolf; snow leopard.; 8780; Russian | ||||
| Abstract | The quantity of ungulates is high in the nature reserve: moral (100-120), roe deer (500-650), Siberian ibex (660-700), and wild boar (50-80). Moreover some 5,000 heads of livestock (mostly sheep) are grazed in a buffer zone in summer. Among big predators (snow leopard, bear, lynx) wolf kills about 40 percent of ungulates. | ||||
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| Notes | Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Proceedings of V all-Union congress of mammalogy society of the Academy of Science of the USSR. | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 855 | Serial | 1085 | ||
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| Author | Zhiryakov V.A. | ||||
| Title | Ecology and behavior of the Snow leopard in Kazakhstan | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year | 2002 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | N 1-4. | Issue | Pages | 184-199 | |
| Keywords | Kazakhstan; distribution; number; density; population size; habitats; marking; Migration; diet; prey species; hunting; faeces; Sex; Age; population dynamics; reproductive activity; competitors; mortality; snow leopard.; 8810; Russian | ||||
| Abstract | The data on spreading, numbers and population density of snow leopard in Kazakhstan are given in this article. The total number of the snow leopard in Kazakhstan is evaluated in 100-110 individuals. The everywhere occurred numbers' reduction under the influence of the anthropogenic factors is observed. The snow leopard' inhabitation area varies from 20 to 120 square kilometers depending on its regions. Sex and composition of the population and its aggregative behavior are given. The dynamics of numbers and mortality are estimated. | ||||
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| Notes | Full text available in Russian.Journal Title: Selevinia. The zoological journal of Kazakhstan. | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 858 | Serial | 1087 | ||
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| Author | Zhiryakov V.A. | ||||
| Title | The influence of the predators on population trend of the ungulates in the Almaty nature reserve | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year | 1989 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 199-201 | ||
| Keywords | Kazakhstan; predators; ungulates; dencity; population trend; snow leopard.; 8770; Russian | ||||
| Abstract | The data on predators and ungulates population dynamics in Almaty Nature reserve (Kazakhstan) in 1983-1987s are given. The number of snow leopard is stable (3-5 individuals), the density is 0.06 indi/1000 ha. An insignificant increase of Siberian ibex' number (660 to 700) with density of 36 indi/1000 ha is recorded. | ||||
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| Notes | Full text available in RussianJournal Title: All-Union Conference on cadastre and censusing of the animals. | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 854 | Serial | 1084 | ||
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| Author | Zhirnov L.V. | ||||
| Title | Extinct mammals of the USSR fauna and their distribution over natural zones | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year | 1975 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 83-84 | ||
| Keywords | rare species; extinct species; desert; semi desert; mountain; highly mountain; Forest; forest-steppe; riverine forests; aquatic zone; snow leopard.; 8730; Russian | ||||
| Abstract | 18 taxons of rare and endangered mammals of the USSR are distributed over natural zones such as deserts and semi-deserts including riverine forests and elevations; mountains and highlands; forests and forest-steppe; and offshore strips of closed seas. A majority of endangered species is associated with deserts and mountains of Central Asia and Kazakhstan. | ||||
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| Notes | Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Urgent issues of zoogeography. | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 850 | Serial | 1079 | ||
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| Author | Zheleznyakov D.F. | ||||
| Title | Order Predators | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year | 1958 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Edition 1. | Issue | Pages | 110-112 | |
| Keywords | Uzbekistan; Chatkal nature reserve; mammals; snow leopard.; 8720; Russian | ||||
| Abstract | Data about distribution of stone marten, ermine, weasel, badger, bear, wolf, fox, and snow leopard in the Chatkal nature reserve is provided. In Tien Shan, snow leopard is not a rare species, and even a rather common species in some places. In the nature reserve, snow leopard was observed near the mountain Kurgan-Tash in 1948. | ||||
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| Notes | Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Proceeding of the mountain-forest state nature reserve. | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 849 | Serial | 1076 | ||
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| Author | Zheengaziev A. | ||||
| Title | Geographical locaton, wild life and relief of Sary-Chelek state biosphere nature reserve and Besh-Aral state nature reserve | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year | 2002 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 7-10 | ||
| Keywords | Kyrgyzstan; Sary Chelek nature reserve; Besh Aral nature reserve; location; relief; flora; fauna; vertebrates; snow leopard.; 8710; Russian | ||||
| Abstract | The territorial description, floristic and faunistic characteristics of Sary-Chelek and Besh-Aral reserves and relief are given. There were registered about 40 species of mammals and 160 species of the birds in Sary-Chelek reserve. Ibex, roe deer, argali, wild boar, brown bear, snow leopard, lynx, porcupine, badger, marmot, hare etc. live here; muskrat, wood marten and American mink are acclimatized. Menzbier's marmot, fox, badger, wolf, brown bear, snow leopard, wild ibex and roe deer inhabited in Besh Aral reserve. | ||||
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| Notes | Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Biodiversity of Western Tien Shan. Planning of an effective using of the ground areas. | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 848 | Serial | 1075 | ||
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| Author | Zamoshnikov V.D. | ||||
| Title | Current status of biodiversity of Western Tien Shan | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year | 2002 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 101-108 | ||
| Keywords | Kyrgyzstan; biodiversity; Red Data book; snow leopard.; 8700; Russian | ||||
| Abstract | This paper deals with current status of biodiversity of Western Tien Shan. Just from mammals 6 species: Menzbier's marmot, dhole, Central Asian otter, snow leopard, Turkestan lynx, Tien Shan argali are included in Red dada Book of Kyrgyzstan. | ||||
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| Notes | Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Biodiversity of Western Tien Shan. Status and perspectives. | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 847 | Serial | 1072 | ||
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| Author | Zakirov A. | ||||
| Title | Rare and endangered predatory species in Uzbekistan | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year | 1982 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 47-48 | ||
| Keywords | Uzbekistan; carnivores; endangered species; snow leopard.; 8690; Russian | ||||
| Abstract | There are 20 predatory mammal species in Uzbekistan. Tien Shan brown bear, marbled polecat, lynx, and snow leopard are very rare species, while honey badger, manul and leopard are close to dying-away. | ||||
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| Notes | Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Ecology of mountain mammals. | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 846 | Serial | 1071 | ||
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