| Records |
| Author |
Sloane, A.; Kelly, C.; McDavitt, S.; Marples, N. |
| Title |
Big cats in captivity: a quantitative analysis of enrichment |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1998 |
Publication |
Adv.Etho |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
33 |
Issue |
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Pages |
43 |
| Keywords |
abnormal-behavior; behavior; captive-animal-care; endangered; threatened-species; zoos; enrichment; abnormal; captive; Animal; care; threatened; species; browse; 1280; study; big; big cats; Cats; cat; zoo; effects; Lions; lion; jaguar; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; behaviour; using; activity; activities; change; presence; enclosures; range; scent; cage; horse; hides; management |
| Abstract |
Studies on three species of big cats at Dublin Zoo have led to firm conclusions about the effects of certain forms of enrichment, some of which will be presented here. Lions, jaguars, and snow leopards were studied over two years and their behaviours quantified using focal animal sampling during selected hours during daylight. By comparison of these activity budgets with and without the enrichments being present, it was possible to identify the exact behavioural changes caused by each enrichment method, and to quantify these changes. In this contribution we present results showing that the presence of a platform in both lion and jaguar enclosures dramatically reduced stereotypic pacing behaviour. We will demonstrate that the effects of short term enrichment devices may have a wide range of effects on behaviours which outlast the presence of the stimulus. For instance scents added to the cage, or food/play items such as horse hides, hidden fish or ice-blocks often reduce pacing and increase resting later in the day, even after the cats have ceased using the enrichment items. This reduction in pacing and increase in resting time often meant that the amount of the enclosure used per hour was actually reduced with the presence of new stimuli, as result opposite to what might have been expected. The results of these studies will be discussed in relation to effective animal management. |
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WILDLIFE REVIEW ABSTRACTS (“Contributions to the International Symposium on Physiology and Ethology of Wild and Zoo Animals, Berlin, Germany, 7-10 October 1998”; Hofer, Heribert; Pitra, Christian; Hofmann, Reinhold R., editors). |
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SLN @ rana @ 349 |
Serial |
897 |
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| Author |
Stockley, G. |
| Title |
Big Game Shooting In the Indian Empire |
Type |
Book Whole |
| Year |
1928 |
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hunting; big-game; India; browse; big; game; 2000 |
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Constable |
Place of Publication |
London |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 12 |
Serial |
938 |
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| Author |
Stockley, G. |
| Title |
Stalking in the Himalayas and Northern India |
Type |
Book Whole |
| Year |
1936 |
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Himalaya; India; hunting; big-game; browse; big game; big; game; 2010 |
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| Publisher |
Herbert Jenkins |
Place of Publication |
London |
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SLN @ rana @ 13 |
Serial |
939 |
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| Author |
Taryannikov, V.I. |
| Title |
Distribution, biology and current state of the number of the rare predatory mammals in W. Gissar. The Ecology, Protection, and Acclimatization of Vertebrates in Uzbekistan |
Type |
Book Whole |
| Year |
1986 |
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Uzbekistan; Gissar; distribution; Russia; Soviet-Union; Ussr; browse; soviet union; soviet; union; 2600 |
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Tashkent |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 89 |
Serial |
958 |
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| Author |
Volozheninov, N.N. |
| Title |
Rare and vanishing mammals and birds in S Uzbekistan. Ecology and protection of the rare and vanishing vertebrates in Uzbekistan, Tashkent |
Type |
Book Whole |
| Year |
1985 |
Publication |
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Pages |
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Uzbekistan; Russia; Soviet-Union; Ussr; browse; soviet union; soviet; union; 2610; Russian |
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In Russian |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 90 |
Serial |
991 |
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| Author |
Wack, R.F.; Kramer, L.W. |
| Title |
Multifocal osteomyelitis in a young snow leopard (Panthera uncia) |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1995 |
Publication |
Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
26 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
553-563 |
| Keywords |
Antibacterial-Drug; Case-Study; diagnosis; Enrofloxacin; Pathophysiology; snow-leopard; veterinary; medical; osteomyelitis; snow leopard; antibacterial; drug; Case; study; snow; leopard; browse; 1370 |
| Abstract |
A 5-mo-old male snow leopard (Panthera uncia) was presented for mild rear leg lameness. Osteomyelitis was suspected on the basis of radiographic changes and confirmed by histopathology of a biopsy sample from the affected bone. Aerobic cultures of the biopsies repeatedly grew Klebsiella oxytoca. Repeated anaerobic and fungal cultures did not result in growth. The leopard was treated unsuccessfully with cefadroxil, chloramphenicol, and trimethoprim/sulfadiazine despite apparent in vitro sensitivity to these antibiotics. Successful resolution was eventually achieved with enrofloxacin, 7.5 mg/kg p.o. b.i.d. for 60 days. The number of bones involved (right humerus, right and left ulna, right and left radius, right and left femur, right and left tibia, mandible, right metatarsus) made this an unusual presentation of osteomyelitis. |
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Document Type: English |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 277 |
Serial |
997 |
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| Author |
Wajrak, A. |
| Title |
Snow Leopard Skins in Poland (Polowanie Na Sniezna Pantere) |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1994 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
Gazeta Wyborcza. |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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| Keywords |
Russia; Ussr; skins; furs; pelts; poaching; trade; browse; Soviet-Union; soviet union; soviet; union; 3160; information; 920; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; skin |
| Abstract |
Full Text: In 1991, Dr Andrzej Kruszewicz of the Institute of Ecology of the Polish Academy of Sciences saw a “quite fresh” snow leopard skin on sale by a Russian in a Warsaw market for three million Polish zlotys ($300). A few weeks later he saw another skin in a shop in the centre of Warsaw. In spring 1992, Marcin Waslawski from the Institute of Geography saw a snow leopard skin in the same market for the equivalent of $200. The seller was an Asian from a former Soviet Republic. In summer 1992, Wajrak himself saw a snow leopard skin in a hunters' shop in Warsaw and in winter saw one in the home of a Polish hunter, who said it was a gift from a Mongolian friend. In winter 1994, a student from Britain saw a Polish long coat of snow leopard skins in Bialowieza. Wajrak saw a skin in a Warsaw shop, which the owner said was 15-20 years old; he got it from a Polish diplomat who had been in Mongolia and had three snow leopard skins. The skin was priced at the equivalent of $1,000. Wajrak added that he had been told that it was possible to buy tiger skins from Russians in Poland and he was trying to find one; I have not heard from him since. |
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| Notes |
Information from Adam Wajrak of Gazeta Wyboracza (T: 48 2 416 920)
24/4/94. |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 268 |
Serial |
1002 |
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| Author |
Wang, X.; Schaller, G.B. |
| Title |
Status of large mammals in Western Inner Mongolia, China |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1996 |
Publication |
Journal of East China Normal University (Special Issue of Zoology) |
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Issue |
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Pages |
93-104 |
| Keywords |
China; Mongolia; Inner-Mongolia; snow leopards; browse; inner; 2930 |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 292 |
Serial |
1003 |
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| Author |
Wangchuk, T.R. |
| Title |
Snow Leopard: Its Management with Emphasis on Bhutan |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1992 |
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Bhutan; management; browse; 2440 |
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| Notes |
Unpublished report. Date of Copyright: 1992 |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 195 |
Serial |
1006 |
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| Author |
Wikramanayake, E.D. |
| Title |
Recommendations for Conservation Management of Jigme Dorji National Park |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1995 |
Publication |
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conservation; management; parks; park; reserves; reserve; refuge; Bhutan; protected-area; Jigme-Dorji; browse; protected; area; 2450 |
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Field Report submitted to Nature Conservation Section, RGOB, and WWF Bhutan Program.
Date of Copyright: 1995 |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 282 |
Serial |
1023 |
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| Author |
Zhenhuang, S. |
| Title |
Economic Fauna of China |
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Book Whole |
| Year |
1964 |
Publication |
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China; status; distribution; hunting; pelts; coats; bones; fur; browse; 3410 |
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Academia Sinica Press |
Place of Publication |
China |
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Chinese |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 19 |
Serial |
1077 |
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| Author |
Zhirnov, L.; Ilyinsky, V. |
| Title |
The Great Gobi National Park – a refuge for rare animals of the Central Asian deserts |
Type |
Book Whole |
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1986 |
Publication |
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gobi; Mongolia; parks; park; reserve; reserves; refuge; distribution; protected-area; browse; 2720 |
| Abstract |
Discusses snow leopard distribution in Great Gobi National Park |
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Centre for International Projects, GKNT |
Place of Publication |
Moscow |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 91 |
Serial |
1081 |
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| Author |
Ahmad, A.; Rawat, J.S.; Rai, S.C. |
| Title |
An Analysis of the Himalayan Environment and Guidelines for its Management and Ecologically Sustainable Development |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1990 |
Publication |
Environmentalist |
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10 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
281-298 |
| Keywords |
environmental-assessment; human-impact; sustainable-development; management-guideline; ecological-degradation; mountain-ecosystem; impact-assessment; developing-country; asia; Himalayas; snow-leopard; snow leopard; browse; environmental; assessment; Human; impact; sustainable; development; management; guidline; ecological; degradations; mountain; ecosystem; 830 |
| Abstract |
The impacts of human activities on the bio-geophysical and socio-economic environment of the Himalayas are analysed. The main man-induced activities which have accelerated ecological degradation and threatened the equilibrium of Himalayan mountain ecosystems are stated as: unplanned land use, cultivation on steep slopes, overgrazing, major engineering activities, over-exploitation of village or community forests, lopping of broad leaved plant species, shifting cultivation (short cycle) in north-east India, tourism and recreation. The geomorphological conditions are major factors responsible for landslides which cause major havoc every year in the area. Wild fauna, like musk deer and the snow leopard are now under threat partially due to changes in their habitat and the introduction of exotic plant species. Population pressure and migration are major factors responsible for poverty in the hills. The emigration of the working male population has resulted in the involvement of women as a major work-force. Guidelines, with special emphasis on the application of environmental impact assessments for the management of the Himalayas, are proposed. -from Authors |
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English |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 145 |
Serial |
38 |
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| Author |
Ali, S.M. |
| Title |
The Cats of India |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1990 |
Publication |
Myforest |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
26 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
275-291 |
| Keywords |
lion; clouded-leopard; cheetah; tiger; leopard; snow-leopard; India; Panthera-leo; Neofelis-nebylosa; Acinonyx-jubatus; Panthera-tigris; Panthera-pardus; Panthera-uncia; behavior; ecology; snow leopard; browse; panthera; uncia; pardus; clouded; leo; neofelis; nebylosa; ancinonyx; jubatus; 820 |
| Abstract |
Describes the range, behaviour and ecology of lion Panthera leo, tiger P. tigris, leopard P. pardus, snow leopard P. uncia, clouded leopard Neofelis nebylosa and cheetah Acinonyx jubatus. -P.J.Jarvis |
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SLN @ rana @ 144 |
Serial |
59 |
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| Author |
Anandakrishnan, M.B. |
| Title |
The snow leopard: Elusive and endangered |
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Journal Article |
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1998 |
Publication |
The Environmental Magazine |
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9 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
18-19 |
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Himalayan; poaching; tourism; development; Nepal; asia; snow-leopard; snow leopard; browse; 1070 |
| Abstract |
The snow leopard has never been common, but there may be fewer than 4,000 left in its Himalayan habitat, and poaching and tourism-related development in the region could drive its numbers down further. |
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Copyright Earth Action Network, Inc. Sep/Oct 1998
Document Type: English |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 352 |
Serial |
71 |
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| Author |
Andriuskevicius, A. |
| Title |
Occurrance of Snow Leopards in the Soviet Union |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1980 |
Publication |
International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards |
Abbreviated Journal |
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2 |
Issue |
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Pages |
59-69 |
| Keywords |
2290; area; areas; browse; distribution; park; parks; protected; protected-area; protected area; protected areas; refuge; reserve; reserves; Russia; snow-leopard; snow-leopards; snow leopard; snow leopards; soviet; Soviet-Union; soviet union; status; U.S.S.R.; union; Ussr |
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Outlines status and distribution of snow leopard in USSR, including comments on reserves created for the species. |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 51 |
Serial |
73 |
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| Author |
Berenstein, F. |
| Title |
The snow leopard. Fusion in an Elaborated Delusional Fantasy |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1984 |
Publication |
Am J Psychoanal |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
44 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
377-397 |
| Keywords |
Adolescence; Case; Report; Countertransference; Psychology; Divorce; Fantasy; Gender; Identity; Human; Male; Parent-Child; Relations; Professional-Patient; Psychoanalytic Interpretation; Psychoanalytic; therapy; Psychosexual; development; Transference; parent; child; professional; patient; interpretation; browse; 340 |
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0002-9548 |
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| Notes |
Document Type: eng |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 68 |
Serial |
130 |
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| Author |
Blomqvist, L. |
| Title |
The Snow Leopard, Panthera uncia, in Captivity and the 1977 World Register |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1978 |
Publication |
Int.Ped.Book of Snow Leopards |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
1 |
Issue |
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Pages |
22-34 |
| Keywords |
captivity; snow-leopard; pedigree; zoo; Dna; genetics; snow leopard; browse; 2910 |
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Expedition |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 41 |
Serial |
139 |
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| Author |
Blomqvist, L. |
| Title |
Distribution and Status of the Snow Leopard (Uncia uncia) |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1980 |
Publication |
Tiger Paper |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
Vii |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
115-120 |
| Keywords |
distribution; status; conservation; browse; 2140 |
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| Notes |
Document Type: English |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 49 |
Serial |
148 |
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| Author |
Blomqvist, L. |
| Title |
Conservation Measurements taken for the Captive Snow Leopard, Panthera uncia, Population and a Report of Fluctuations in Stock in 1983 |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1984 |
Publication |
Int.Ped Book of Snow Leopards |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
4 |
Issue |
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Pages |
55-71 |
| Keywords |
captivity; zoo; zoos; status; breeding; reproduction; conservation; browse; 2920 |
| Abstract |
Reports on conservation measures over the past 10 years. Notes current snow leopard exchange programs between zoos in the US and USSR and Europe. Describes status and reproductive success of the captive snow leopard population, list animals currently in captivity. |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 79 |
Serial |
160 |
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| Author |
Blomqvist, L. |
| Title |
Captive Snow Leopard Report for 1989 |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1989 |
Publication |
International Zoo News |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
265 |
Issue |
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Pages |
5-14 |
| Keywords |
browse; captivity; distribution; status; zoo; zoos |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 141 |
Serial |
162 |
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| Author |
Blomqvist, L. |
| Title |
Three decades of Snow Leopards Panthera uncia in Captivity |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1995 |
Publication |
Int.Zoo Yearbook |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
34 |
Issue |
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Pages |
178-185 |
| Keywords |
zoo; population; status; genetics; captive-animal-care; propogation; captivity; fertility; recruitment; mortality; browse; captive; Animal; care; 1360 |
| Abstract |
The author reports the status of the captive population of snow leopards over the last three decades. Genetic and demographic information is also provided. The captive population as of 1992 was 541 leopards. klf. I |
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| Notes |
Document Type: English |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 256 |
Serial |
165 |
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| Author |
Braden, K. |
| Title |
The Geographical Distribution of the Snow Leopard in the USSR: Maps of Areas of Snow Leopard Habitation in the USSR |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1982 |
Publication |
International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
3 |
Issue |
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Pages |
25-39 |
| Keywords |
Russia; Ussr; U.S.S.R.; Soviet-Union; status; distribution; maps; browse; soviet union; soviet; union; habitat; 2320 |
| Abstract |
Reviews published information from the USSR vs past status of the snow leopard in various parts of its range within that country. Maps provide locations in the USSR of evidence of snow leopard occurence from published records of the species over the last 100 yrs. |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 64 |
Serial |
189 |
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| Author |
Brown, J.L.; Wasser, S.K.; Wildt, D.E.; Graham, L.H. |
| Title |
Comparative Aspects of Steroid Hormone Metabolism and Ovarian Activity in Felids, Measured Noninvasively in Feces |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1994 |
Publication |
Biol Reprod |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
51 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
776-786 |
| Keywords |
Animal; Carbon; Radioisotopes; Carnivora; Cats; Chromatography; High; Pressure; Liquid; Comparative Study; Estradiol; metabolism; Estrone; feces; chemistry; Female; Ovary; physiology; Pregnancy; Progesterone; Pseudopregnancy; Support; Non-U.S.Gov't; browse; non; government; gov't; us; 170 |
| Abstract |
Noninvasive fecal assays were used to study steroid metabolism and ovarian activity in several felid species. Using the domestic cat (Felis catus) as model, the excretory products of injected [14C]estradiol (E2) and [14C]progesterone (P4) were determined. Within 2 days, 97.0 +/- 0.6% and 96.7 +/- 0.5% of recovered E2 and P4 radioactivity, respectively, was found in feces. E2 was excreted as unconjugated estradiol and estrone (40%) and as a non-enzyme- hydrolyzable conjugate (60%). P4 was excreted primarily as non-enzyme- hydrolyzable, conjugated metabolites (78%) and as unconjugated pregnenolone epimers. A simple method for extracting fecal steroid metabolites optimized extraction efficiencies of the E2 and P4 excretion products (90.1 +/- 0.8% and 87.2 +/- 1.4%, respectively). Analysis of HPLC fractions of extracted fecal samples from the radiolabel-injected domestic cats revealed that E2 immunoreactivity coincided primarily with the unconjugated metabolized [14C]E2 peak, whereas progestogen immunoreactivity coincided with a single conjugated epimer and multiple unconjugated pregnenolone epimers. After HPLC separation, similar immunoreactive E2 and P4 metabolite profiles were observed in the leopard cat (F. bengalensis), cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus), clouded leopard (Neofelis nebulosa), and snow leopard (Panthera uncia). Longitudinal analyses demonstrated that changes in fecal E2 and P4 metabolite concentrations reflected natural or artificially induced ovarian activity. For example, severalfold increases in E2 excretion were associated with overt estrus or exogenous gonadotropin treatment, and elevated fecal P4 metabolite concentrations occurred during pregnant and nonpregnant (pseudopregnant) luteal phases. Although overall concentrations were similar, the duration of elevated fecal P4 metabolites during pseudopregnancy was approximately half that observed during pregnancy. In summary, steroid metabolism mechanisms appear to be conserved among these physically diverse, taxonomically related species. Results indicate that this hormone-monitoring approach will be extremely useful for elucidating the hormonal regulatory mechanism associated with the reproductive cycle, pregnancy, and parturition of intractable and endangered felid species. |
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0006-3363 |
ISBN |
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| Notes |
Document Type: eng |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 251 |
Serial |
198 |
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| Author |
Brown, J.L.; Wasser, S.K.; Wildt, D.E.; Graham, L.H. |
| Title |
Steroid Metabolism and the Effectiveness of Fecal Assays for Assessing Reproductive Status in Felids |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1994 |
Publication |
Biology of Reproduction |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
50 |
Issue |
suppl 1 |
Pages |
185 |
| Keywords |
fecal-analysis; breeding; reproduction; medicine; medical; zoo; zoos; veterinary; snow-leopard; snow leopard; browse; fecal; analysis; 1420 |
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| Notes |
Twenty-seventh Annual Meeting of the Society for the Study of Reproduction, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA, July 24-27, 1994
Call Number: QP251 .B56 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 203 |
Serial |
197 |
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