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Author Anonymous
Title Animal Kingdom in North Gansu Type Miscellaneous
Year 1996 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords China; gansu; herder; livestock; protection; park; reserve; refuge; herders; protected-area; browse; protected; area; 1120
Abstract A corner of northwest China's Gansu province has become a haven for hundreds of wild and rare animals. They are being helped by the 10,000 strong population who are doing their best to help preserve their neighbors from the animal kingdom. The natural environment in the northern part of the province is said to be well suited to wild animals. Inside the Mongolia Autonomous County of Northern Gansu has become home to 174 various kinds of wild animals, 32 of them under state protection. The animal inhabitants include white lipped deer, wild yak, snow leopard, lynx, brown bear, argali sheep, snow pheasant and Tibetan Gazelle, and they are often found roaming the county's mountainous pasture areas.
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Copyright (c) 1996 Xinhua News Agency Journal Title: Xinhua News Agency Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 293 Serial 84
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Author Berger, J., Buuveibaatar, B., Mishra, C.
Title Globalization of the Cashmere Market and the Decline of Large Mammals in Central Asia Type Journal Article
Year Publication Conservation Biology Abbreviated Journal
Volume 27 Issue 4 Pages 679-689
Keywords fashion, herders, India, Mongolia, saiga, trade
Abstract As drivers of terrestrial ecosystems, humans have replaced large carnivores in most areas, and

human influence not only exerts striking ecological pressures on biodiversity at local scales but also has

indirect effects in distant corners of the world. We suggest that the multibillion dollar cashmere industry

creates economic motivations that link western fashion preferences for cashmere to land use in Central

Asia. This penchant for stylish clothing, in turn, encourages herders to increase livestock production which

affects persistence of over 6 endangered large mammals in these remote, arid ecosystems. We hypothesized

that global trade in cashmere has strong negative effects on native large mammals of deserts and grassland

where cashmere-producing goats are raised. We used time series data, ecological snapshots of the biomass

of native and domestic ungulates, and ecologically and behaviorally based fieldwork to test our hypothesis.

In Mongolia increases in domestic goat production were associated with a 3-fold increase in local profits for

herders coexisting with endangered saiga (Saiga tatarica). That increasing domestic grazing pressure carries

fitness consequences was inferred on the basis of an approximately 4-fold difference in juvenile recruitment among blue sheep (Pseudois nayaur) in trans-Himalayan India. Across 7 study areas in Mongolia, India, and China’s Tibetan Plateau, native ungulate biomass is now <5% that of domestic species. Such trends suggest ecosystem degradation and decreased capacity for the persistence of native species, including at least 8 Asian endemic species: saiga, chiru (Pantholops hodgsoni), Bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus), snow leopard (Panthera uncia), khulan (Equus hemionus), kiang (E. kiang), takhi (E. przewalski), and wild yak (Bos mutus). Our results suggest striking yet indirect and unintended actions that link trophic-level effects to markets induced by the trade for cashmere.
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
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ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rakhee @ Serial 1398
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Author Bhatnagar, Y.V.; Stakrey, R.W.; Jackson, R.
Title A Survey of Depredation and Related Wildlife-Human Conflicts in Hemis National Park, Ladakh (India) Type Miscellaneous
Year 2000 Publication Snow Line Abbreviated Journal
Volume xvi Issue Pages 3
Keywords Jammu; Kashmir; Ladakh; conflicts; herders; livestock; predator; prey; grazing; ungulates; economics; Hemis; browse; 4430
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Islt Place of Publication Seattle Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Full Text at URLJournal Title: Snowline Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 431 Serial 136
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Author Ikeda, N.
Title Economic impacts of livestock depredation by snow leopard Uncia uncia in the Kanchenjunga Conservation Area, Nepal Himalaya Type Miscellaneous
Year 2004 Publication Environmental Conservation Abbreviated Journal
Volume 31 Issue Pages 322-330
Keywords herder; Kanchenjunga Conservation Area; local resident; park people conflict; wildlife conservation; yak.; snow leopard
Abstract It is necessary to fully understand the economic conditions of local herders in order to find solutions to the conflicts between wildlife conservation and livestock rearing in remote areas of low-income countries. In the Kanchenjunga Conservation Area (KCA), Nepal, livestock depredation by snow leopards impacts on yak herders' livelihoods. Retaliatory killings of snow leopard by the herders have been reported and the concerned authorities recently initiated snow leopard conservation programmes. In 2001, interviews with the yak herders who used the pastures in the Ghunsa valley in the preceding year collected data on the incidence of livestock death caused by snow leopards. The annual net cash income of the yak herders was estimated by obtaining baseline values of sales and expenditure per livestock head through field measurement of dairy products and interviews with a sample of herders. As yet, the average annual damage does not appear to have adversely affected fundamental livelihoods in households with an average herd size (36.6 head). However, in the worst scenario of livestock depredation, households with medium or small-sized herds (<40 head) might risk their living conditions becoming unsustainable or having to withdraw from yak pastoralism. A supplementary interview showed that the majority of the herders, except those who took completely neutral attitudes towards the regional conservation and development programme, had negative views of the snow leopard conservation policy. For the snow leopard conservation programme in the KCA to be a success, there must be a system to compensate the herders' households for livestock damage.
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Full article not available on SLN bibliography due to copyright concerns. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 906 Serial 402
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Author Mallon, D.
Title The snow leopard in Ladakh Type Journal Article
Year 1984 Publication International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards Abbreviated Journal
Volume 4 Issue Pages 23-37
Keywords Ladakh; India; livestock; herders; tracking; tracks; surveys; sign; distribution; predator; prey; herder; mortality; conservation; status; browse; 2380
Abstract Reports on 1 summer survey and four winter surveys covering some 3100 km in Ladakh, India. Reports on snow leopard sign commonly found, distribution, prey, attacks on livestock and peoples reaction, mortality factors and conservation status. Suggest recomendations for preventing unnecessary killing of snow leopards and estimates population of 100 to 200 snow leopards in Ladakh
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Full text available at URL Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 78 Serial 642
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Author Tuyatsatsral, T.; Ganbold, B.; Ganbat, O.; Enkhee, C.; Nyambat, N.
Title Buy Sheep Program and Environmental Planning of Herder Communities Assessment Report Type Report
Year 2009 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 77
Keywords Mongolia, herder, livestock, compensation, insurance
Abstract Apparently with the decrease of number of globally endangered snow leopard due to reduction of prey species and loss of habitat, new approaches have been initiated to mitigate conflicts between herders and wildlife, ensuring local participation and building up stakeholders’ responsibility in nature conservation through supporting and guiding of local communities in participation and implementation of collaborative management in sustainable natural resource use. Actually, herder communities, aimed to protect the nature become one of that approaches and made it common consideration, especially in the buffer zones of the Turgen mountain SPA, Tsagaanshuvuut SPA and Gulzat local protected areas of Uvs aimag, where WWF MPO, UNDP and MNET are performing projects, such as “Community based conservation of biodiversity in the mountain landscapes of the Mongolia’s Altai Sayan ecoregion”. Since 2007, in Uvs aimag, particularly in Khaliunbulag bag of Khovd soum, WWF MPO initiated the compensation scheme for herders, aimed to mitigate conflicts between herders and snow leopard, reducing their loss caused by snow leopard and to support them mentally as well.

Current assessment focused on performance evaluation of “Buy sheep” program in Khaliunbulag bag and capability of herder communities , that are established around protected areas, in developing their yearly environmental workplan, including its implementation process.
Address
Corporate Author WWF Mongolia Thesis
Publisher WWF Mongolia Place of Publication Mongolia Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Report is also available in Mongolian in this bibliography Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ Serial 1096
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Author Tuyatsatsral, T., Ganbold, B., Ganbat, O., Enkhee, C., Nyambat, N.
Title Buy Sheep Program and Environmental Planning of Herder Communities Assessment Report Type Report
Year 2009 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Mongolia, herder, livestock, compensation, insurance
Abstract Apparently with the decrease of number of globally endangered snow leopard due to reduction of prey species and loss of habitat, new approaches have been initiated to mitigate conflicts between herders and wildlife, ensuring local participation and building up stakeholders’ responsibility in nature conservation through supporting and guiding of local communities in participation and implementation of collaborative management in sustainable natural resource use. Actually, herder communities, aimed to protect the nature become one of that approaches and made it common consideration, especially in the buffer zones of the Turgen mountain SPA, Tsagaanshuvuut SPA and Gulzat local protected areas of Uvs aimag, where WWF MPO, UNDP and MNET are performing projects, such as “Community based conservation of biodiversity in the mountain landscapes of the Mongolia’s Altai Sayan ecoregion”. Since 2007, in Uvs aimag, particularly in Khaliunbulag bag of Khovd soum, WWF MPO initiated the compensation scheme for herders, aimed to mitigate conflicts between herders and snow leopard, reducing their loss caused by snow leopard and to support them mentally as well.

Current assessment focused on performance evaluation of “Buy sheep” program in Khaliunbulag bag and capability of herder communities , that are established around protected areas, in developing their yearly environmental workplan, including its implementation process.
Address
Corporate Author WWF Mongolia Thesis
Publisher WWF Mongolia Place of Publication Mongolia Editor
Language Mongolian Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Report is also available in English in this bibliography Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ Serial 1097
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Author Tuya, T.
Title Short report on basic and intermediate level training on wool processing/Tsagaangol project Type Report
Year 2007 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 1-2
Keywords WWF Mongolia, wool processing, community, herder, Tsagaangol
Abstract During 21-28 December of 2007 in a framework of the ‘Tsagaangol’ project wool processing training for one week was held in Ulaangom city.

Totally, 6 people, of which 2 herders from Uureg community, 3 herders from Argaltkharig community and 1 ranger have participated.

In accordance to the curricula of the training had held 4 hours of theoretical lectures and 94 hours of practical exercises. The intermediate level course was provided for two people Mrs. Yanjinlham and Odontuya who previously involved in basic level training. Mrs. Yanjilham also was trained as trainer during this session as following the guidelines came from the trainers. During this she taught on how to design, cut out and color. During the training herders obtained the following skills:

- Clean, sort, lay out and color wool;

- 14 -16 skills on felting and tighten wool accepted internationally;

- Drawing on felt or paper with different scales;

- 4 different technology on drawing and coloring felt (color felt evenly, adsorbing, coloring

through knit and color using dry colors);

- Laying out the picture on felt using wet or dry methods and perforate using a felt needle;

- Draw picture ion felt using the wool colors;

- Design Hunnu relief patterns, draw and knit;

- Design and cut out, estimation and evaluation of resources, and different type of embroidery as dog’s teeth, triple fifths, seven spin of edges, crossing, string piping,classic khalkha stitching, quilt stitching, bottom stitching, knitting relief stitching edges,spinning different edges, terme etc.

During week long training herders learnt how to cut out 8-9 designs and produced 44 products. The training was well organized in terms of its facilitation and organization. We are grateful for herders who were very active and worked for extended hours voluntary. Willing of herders to learn and to practice has increased comparing to the previous activities.
Address
Corporate Author WWF Mongolia Thesis
Publisher WWF Mongolia Place of Publication Mongolia Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Tsagaangol project, Uvs aimag 21-28 December 2007 Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ Serial 1101
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Author Ahmad, A.
Title Protection of Snow Leopards through Grazier Communities:Some Examples from WWF-Pakistan's Projects in the Northern Areas Type Conference Article
Year 1994 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 265-272
Keywords conservation; Pakistan; Wwf; world-wildlife-fund; livestock; herders; herder; status; parks; park; reserve; refuge; protected-area; Dir; chitral; predator; prey; grazier; pelt; fur; coat; skin; poaching; Khunjerab; Marco-Polo-sheep; ibex; markhor; hunting; browse; protected; area; sheep; Marco-Polo; 2040
Abstract Snow leopards occur near the snow line in northern Pakistan in the districts of Swat, Dir and Chitral of the Northwest Frontier Province (NWFP), Muzaffarabad district in Azad Kashmir and Gilgit and Baltistan districts in the Northern Areas. Although a number of protected areas are present in the form of national parks, wildlife sanctuaries and game reserves (Table 1) where legal protection is available to all wildlife species, including snow leopards, the status of this endangered species is not improving satisfactorily. The reasons are many and range from direct persecution by livestock owners to the less than strict management of protected areas.

Because of remote and inaccessible locations and lack of proper communication with local communities, government officials and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) concerned with conservation find it difficult to obtain statistics on mortality of snow leopards. However, the killing of snow leopards is not uncommon. Because of the close and long-term association between local villagers and snow leopards, it is only through the support and cooperation of these peoples that protection of this endangered species can be assured against most of the existing threats. The effects of such cooperation has been clearly shown through some of the conservation projects of World Wildlife Fund (WWF) – Pakistan. Details of such projects and certain lessons that can be learned from these and similar projects are discussed in this paper.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher International Snow Leopard Trust Place of Publication Usa Editor J.L.Fox; D.Jizeng
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Full text available at URLTitle, Monographic: Proceedings of the Seventh International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 209 Serial 40
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Author Ahmad, A.
Title Community-Based Natural Resources Management in Northern Pakistan Type Conference Article
Year 1997 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 148-154
Keywords conservation; livestock; Wwf; Pakistan; herders; herder; snow-leopard; management; Marco-Polo-sheep; grazing; ibex; park; parks; reserve; reserves; refuge; Khunjerab; hunting; hunter; skin; pelt; fur; coat; protected-area; snow leopard; browse; 2950
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Islt Place of Publication Lahore, Pakistan Editor R.Jackson and A.Ahmad
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Full text at URLTitle, Monographic: Eighth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Islamabad, IndiaDate of Copyright: 1997 Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 299 Serial 41
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