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Snow Leopard Bibliography

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Author Novikov, G.A.   
  Title Carnivorous mammals of the fauna of the USSR Type (down) Book Whole
  Year 1962 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Ussr; Russia; ecology; distribution; skull-illustration; Soviet-Union; browse; soviet union; soviet; union; skull illustrations; skull; illustrations; 3140  
  Abstract Brief review of physical characteristics, (skull illustration) ecology and distribution  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Zool. Inst. Acad. Sci. Place of Publication Ussr Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Translated 1962, Isreali Program for Scientific Translations, Washington D.C. Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 16 Serial 728  
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Author Pokrovski, V.S.   
  Title The Snow Leopard Large Predators Type (down) Book Whole
  Year 1976 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Soviet-Union; Russia; Ussr; behavior; ecology; captivity; zoo; zoos; distribution; conservation; browse; soviet union; soviet; union; 2590  
  Abstract Detailed review of snow leopard distribution and abundance, behavior, ecology,captive population and conservation measures in the Soviet Union. Estimates a snow leopard population of 300 +/- 150.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Moscow Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 35 Serial 778  
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Author Roberts, T.J.   
  Title The Mammals of Pakistan Type (down) Book Whole
  Year 1977 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Pakistan; ecology; status; distribution; browse; 2200  
  Abstract Brief description of physical characteristics, ecology,status, and distribution of snow leopard in Pakistan  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Ernest Benn Place of Publication London and Tonbridge Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes 156-158 Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 38 Serial 825  
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Author Taryannikov, V.I.   
  Title Distribution, biology and current state of the number of the rare predatory mammals in W. Gissar. The Ecology, Protection, and Acclimatization of Vertebrates in Uzbekistan Type (down) Book Whole
  Year 1986 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Uzbekistan; Gissar; distribution; Russia; Soviet-Union; Ussr; browse; soviet union; soviet; union; 2600  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Tashkent Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 89 Serial 958  
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Author Volozheninov, N.N.   
  Title Rare and vanishing mammals and birds in S Uzbekistan. Ecology and protection of the rare and vanishing vertebrates in Uzbekistan, Tashkent Type (down) Book Whole
  Year 1985 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Uzbekistan; Russia; Soviet-Union; Ussr; browse; soviet union; soviet; union; 2610; Russian  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes In Russian Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 90 Serial 991  
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Author Zhenhuang, S.   
  Title Economic Fauna of China Type (down) Book Whole
  Year 1964 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords China; status; distribution; hunting; pelts; coats; bones; fur; browse; 3410  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Academia Sinica Press Place of Publication China Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Chinese Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 19 Serial 1077  
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Author Manati, A.R. url 
  Title Fur trade of large cats and the question of the subspecies status of leopards in Afghanistan (Der Handel mit Fellen von Grosskatzen und die Abklärung der Unterartenfrage beim Type (down) Book Whole
  Year 2008 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 125  
  Keywords fur trade, genetics, leopard, Panthera pardus, snow leopard, subspecies, Uncia uncia  
  Abstract Over a time of four years the bazars of Afghanistan were surveyed for furs of spotted wild cats, in particular leopards and snow leopards. In 2004 in Kabul a total of 28 furs of leopards were purchased by shopkeepers and 21 sold at an average price of 825 $. In the same year 25 furs of snow leopards were purchased and 19 sold to clients at an average price of 583 $. In 2006 at a single inspection double as many furs of leopards were found to be offered for sale in comparison to the whole year of 2004. Also prices had increased over the two years by 20 % to an average of 1037 $. Similarly the number of furs of snow leopards at 21 pieces was higher than in 2004, and the prices had increased to an average of 652 $. In 2007 investigations rendered more difficult, because the authorities had started to control the fur trade, and the results are not unequivocal. Clients were without any exception foreigners.

Surveys in 2004 in Mazar-e-Sharif, Kunduz, Takhar and Faiz Abad, in 2006 additionally in Baharak and Iskashem in the province of Badakhshan, revealed a regular trade in furs of spotted cats, however not as extensive as in Kabul. The most interesting finding was a fur of a cheetah in Mazar-e-Sharif, the first record of this species after 35 years.

From the surveys can be concluded that leopards still exist in the whole range of its distribution area in Afghanistan. However they don't allow any conclusion on the population size and its threat by hunting. In contrast to the leopard there exists a recent estimation of the population size of the snow leopard, saying that there are still 100 to 200 snow leopards living in Afghanistan. On the basis of these figures as well as the numbers of furs traded annually a Population and Habitat Viability Analysis was conducted. The result of this analysis is alarming. It has to be assumed that the snow leopard will be extinct in Afghanistan within the next ten years. To improve the protection of spotted cats in Afghanistan it needs both, a better implementation of the existing legislation as well as an awareness campaign among potential clients, i. e. foreigners living in Afghanistan.

The second part of this thesis deals with the question of subspecies of leopards in Afghanistan. Out of the 27 subspecies described four are believed to exist in Afghanistan. However, according to a molecularbiological revision of the species there occurs only one subspecies in Afghanistan, Panthera pardus saxicolor. To clarify the subspecies question various measures of furs had been taken in the bazars. The results revealed that the leopards in Afghanistan are the biggest of its species. However a further differentiation according to the area of origin within the country was not possible. Also the traditional differentiation on the basis of colours and patterns on the furs was not possible.

In contrast to the molecularbiological investigations published not only samples of zoo animals were available in this study but also samples from the wild. The own results confim that almost all leopards from Afghanistan and Iran belong to one and the same subspecies, P. p. saxicolor. Only in the most eastern part of Afghanistan, the Indian leopard, Panthera pardus fusca, can be found. The International Studbook for the Persian Leopard was analysed. The whole population derives from a few founder animals, which were imported in the midth fifties from Iran and in the late sixties from Afghanistan. To avoid inbreeding later on the Iranian and the Afghan lines were mixed. A female imported in 1968 from Kabul to Cologne is represented in each of the more than 100 today living animals.Mixing the two lines subsequently is justified by the genetic results of this study. Recently acquired animals from the Caucasus, however, should be tested genetically before integrating them into the zoo population.		  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher University of Köln Place of Publication Germany Editor  
  Language German Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ Serial 1123  
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Author Blomqvist, L. url 
  Title Distribution and status of the snow leopard Type (down) Book Chapter
  Year 1978 Publication International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 6-21  
  Keywords distribution; International; pedigree; snow leopard; status  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Helsinki Zoo, Finland Place of Publication Helsinki Editor Blomqvist, L.  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 952 Serial 140  
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Author Blomqvist, L. url 
  Title The status of the snow leopard in the EEP – program in 2007 Type (down) Book Chapter
  Year 2008 Publication International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 9 Issue 4 Pages 20-24  
  Keywords status; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; program; International; pedigree; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Helsinki Zoo Place of Publication Helsinki Editor Blomqvist, L.  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 1007 Serial 174  
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Author Green, M.J.B. url 
  Title Status, distribution and conservation of the Snow leopard in North India Type (down) Book Chapter
  Year 1982 Publication International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 7-10  
  Keywords status; India; conservation; distribution; browse; 2150  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Volume ID: 3 Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 62 Serial 346  
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