Snow Leopard Bibliography -- Query Results

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Author	Alexander, J. S., Bijoor, A., Gurmet, K., Murali, R., Mishra, C., Suryawanshi, K. R.
Title	Engaging women brings conservation benefits to snow leopard landscapes			Type	Journal Article
Year	2022	Publication	Environmental Conservation	Abbreviated Journal
Volume		Issue		Pages	1 - 7
Keywords	community conservation; gender; large carnivores; snow leopard; women
Abstract	Protection of biodiversity requires inclusive and gender-responsive programming. Evidence of success in engaging women in large carnivore conservation remains scarce, however, although women play an important role in caring for livestock at risk of predation and could contribute to large-carnivore conservation. We aimed to assess the performance of an income-generation and skills-building programme for women in Spiti Valley (India) that sought to engage women in local conservation action. Annual programme monitoring together with a one-time survey of attitudes, perceptions and social norms in eight communities exposed to the conservation programme and seven ‘control’ communities revealed: a keen interest and increasing levels of women’s participation over 7 years of programme operation; participant reports of multiple programme benefits including additional personal income, social networking and travel opportunities; and more positive attitudes towards snow leopards among programme participants than among non-participants in the control communities. Women from programme communities recorded in their diaries 33 self-directed conservation actions including improving livestock protection and preventing wildlife poaching. These results show a way forward to purposively engage women in conservation programming towards achieving sustainable and equitable outcomes in efforts to promote carnivore–human coexistence.
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language		Summary Language		Original Title
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN		ISBN		Medium
Area		Expedition		Conference
Notes				Approved	no
Call Number	SLN @ rakhee @			Serial	1689
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Author	Hanson, J. H., Schutgens, M., Baral, N., Leader-Williams, N.
Title	Assessing the potential of snow leopard tourism-related products and services in the Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal			Type	Journal Article
Year	2022	Publication	Tourism Planning & Development	Abbreviated Journal
Volume		Issue		Pages	1-20
Keywords	Eco-certified products; ecotourism; conservation enterprise; large carnivores; tourism impacts; South Asia
Abstract	Conservation Enterprise is increasingly promoted to support the conservation of species and landscapes through incentives, such as ecotourism, including in the Annapurna Conservation Area (ACA), Nepal. Yet the elusive behaviour of snow leopards here limits opportunities for conservation enterprise, particularly those linked to conventional ecotourism forms. Furthermore, the potential to explicitly link local snow leopard-friendly livestock production systems with the tourist market in the area, via eco-certified livestock products, has not been investigated. Therefore, this paper aims to explore the interest, from supply and demand perspectives, in introducing snow leopard ecotourism services and eco-certified products into the ACA tourist market. Questionnaire data were gathered from 406 tourists and 403 local residents. Our results, of interest to managers and researchers alike, show that there is potential to generate funds and support for both snow leopard conservation and community development, and add to the literature on utilising enterprise initiatives as conservation tools.
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language		Summary Language		Original Title
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN		ISBN		Medium
Area		Expedition		Conference
Notes				Approved	no
Call Number	SLN @ rakhee @			Serial	1696
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Author	Vipin, Golla, T. R., Sharma, V., Kumar, B. K., Gaur, A.
Title	Kleptoparasitic interaction between Snow Leopard Panthera uncia and Red Fox Vulpes vulpes suggested by circumstantial evidence in Pin Valley National Park, India			Type	Journal Article
Year	2022	Publication	Journal of Threatened Taxa	Abbreviated Journal
Volume	14	Issue	10	Pages	21928-21935
Keywords	Animal interaction, carnivore, mammals, prey, Trans-Himalaya.
Abstract	In the present study, we describe an interspecific kleptoparasitic interaction between two sympatric mammalian carnivores in the high altitudinal Trans-Himalaya region of Himachal Pradesh, India. The study was based on the inferences drawn from the circumstantial evidence (direct and indirect) noticed in the study area in Pin Valley National Park. The inferences from the analysis of the evidence suggested the interaction between a Snow Leopard Panthera uncia, a Red Fox Vulpes vulpes, and a donkey. The arrangement of evidence in a sequential manner suggested that a donkey was killed by a Snow Leopard and a Red Fox stole the food from the carrion of the Snow Leopard’s prey. The Red Fox was killed by the Snow Leopard, which was caught while stealing. The present study represents an example of kleptoparasitic interaction between the Snow Leopard and the Red Fox. This study also proves that such interactions may cost the life of a kleptoparasite and supports the retaliation behaviour of Snow Leopards.
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Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language		Summary Language		Original Title
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN		ISBN		Medium
Area		Expedition		Conference
Notes				Approved	no
Call Number	SLN @ rakhee @			Serial	1702
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Author	Rosen, T. Hussain, S. Mohammad, G. Jackson, R. Janecka, J, E. Michel, S.
Title	Reconciling Sustainable Development of Mountain Communities With Large Carnivore Conservation			Type	Journal Article
Year	2012	Publication	Mountain Research and Development	Abbreviated Journal
Volume		Issue	32(3)	Pages	286-293
Keywords	Carnivores; conflict; conservation; incentives; livestock; insurance scheme; community empowerment; Pakistan
Abstract	While the world is becoming increasingly interconnected and interdependent, physically and culturally, the wildlife of remote mountain regions is being affected both positively and negatively by such interconnectedness. In the case of snow leopards, the conservation impact has been largely, and rather unexpectedly, positive: Species-focused conservation projects, such as Project Snow Leopard (PSL) in Gilgit-Baltistan, remain mainly externally driven initiatives. PSL, initiated as a small pilot project in 1998, has relied on an approach that includes the use of an insurance scheme, the deployment of mitigation measures, and the empowerment of local governance. This approach has been successful in reducing the conflict with snow leopards and has built greater tolerance toward them. PSL is managed by local communities and cofinanced by them. PSL communities throughout the region are bearing the burden of carnivore conservation, and they are unwittingly subsidizing their populations by ‘‘feeding’’ them their livestock even though they are an economic threat to them. In this article, we argue that external intervention in the form of efforts that help alleviate the consequences of conflict through local empowerment have had a positive impact on the local mountain societies. We also show that such interventions have resulted in tangible conservation results, with the number of snow leopards staying at least stable. Our experience also shows that while the incentive component is critical, it is also part of a larger approach—one that includes developing and supporting local governance structures, improving access to education, and offering a range of tools to reduce the conflict that can be implemented locally. Finally, we suggest that investing in this approach— one that recognizes the species and local-context complexities surrounding the implementation of conservation incentives—can continue to inform international practices and guidelines for reducing human–wildlife conflicts worldwide.
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language		Summary Language		Original Title
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN		ISBN		Medium
Area		Expedition		Conference
Notes				Approved	no
Call Number	SLN @ rakhee @			Serial	1387
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Author	Linnell, J.; Swenson, J.; Landa A.; and Kvam, T.
Title	Methods for monitoring European large carnivores – A worldwide review of relevant experience			Type	Journal Article
Year	1998	Publication	NINA Oppdragsmelding	Abbreviated Journal
Volume	549	Issue		Pages	1-38
Keywords	carnivore; monitoring; census; bear; Lynx; wolf; wolverine; 5310
Abstract	Against a background of recovering large carnivore populations in Norway, and many other areas of Europe, it is becoming increasingly important to develop methods to monitor their populations. A variety of parameters can monitored depending on objectives. These parameters include: presence/absense, distribution, population trend indices, minimum counts, statistical estimates of population size, reproductive parameters and health/condition. Three broad categories of monitoring techniques can be recognised each with increasing levels of fieldwork required. The first category includes those techniques that do not require original fieldwork. The second category involves fieldwork, but where individually recognisable carnivores are not available. The third category includes methods where fieldwork has recognisable individuals available. Different mehtods tend to have been used for different species, mainly because of limitations imposed by the different species' ecology. The most precise estimates of population size have been obtained in research projects with relatively small study sites and with the help of radio-telemetry. However, it may be difficult, or impossible, to apply these methods over large monitoring areas. Therefore, in terms of practical management, a combination of minimum counts, supported by an independent index may be more useful than statistical population estimates. All methods should be subject to a careful design process, and power analysis should be conducted to determine the sensitivity of the method to detect changes. Based on the review of over 200 papers and reports we recommend a package of complementary monitoring methods for brown bear, wolverine, lynx and wolf in Norway. These include the use of observations from the public and reports of predation on livestock to determine broad patterns of distribution, and an index based on hunter observations per hunting day, for all four species. Minimum counts of reproductive units, natal dens, family groups, and packs, should be obtained from snow-tracking for wolverines, lynx and wolves respectively. In addition a track-count index should be obtained for wolverines and lynx. As much data as possible should be obtained of lynx and wolvereines killed in the annual harvest. Brown bears will be difficult to monitor without the use of radio-telemetry, therfore they may require periodic telemetry based, mark-recapture studies. Such a program can easily be constructed within existing central and regional wildlife management structures, but will require extensive involvement from hunters.
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Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language		Summary Language		Original Title
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN		ISBN		Medium
Area		Expedition		Conference
Notes	Document Type: English			Approved	no
Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 516			Serial	622
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Author	Mishra, C.
Title	Livestock depredation by large carnivores in the Indian trans-Himalaya: Conflict perceptions and conservation prospects			Type	Journal Article
Year	1997	Publication	Environmental Conservation	Abbreviated Journal
Volume	24	Issue	4	Pages	338-343
Keywords	canis lupis; carnivore; conflict; human-wildlife conflict; India; livestock; livestock depredation; snow leopard; trans-himalaya; Uncia uncia; wolf
Abstract	Livestock depredation by the snow leopard, Uncia uncia, and the wolf, Canis lupus, has resulted in a human-wildlife conflict that hinders the conservation of these globally-threatened species throughout their range. This paper analyses the alleged economic loss due to livestock depredation by these carnivores, and the retaliatory responses of an agro-pastoral community around Kibber Wildlife Sanctuary in the Indian trans-Himalaya. The three villages studied (80 households) attributed a total of 189 livestock deaths (18% of the livestock holding) over a period of 18 months to wild predators, and this would amount to a loss per household equivalent to half the average annual per capita income. The financial compensation received by the villagers from the Government amounted to 3% of the perceived annual loss. Recent intensification of the conflict seems related to a 37.7% increase in livestock holding in the last decade. Villagers have been killing the wolf, though apparently not the snow leopard. A self-financed compensation scheme, and modification of existing livestock pens are suggested as area-specific short-term measures to reduce the conflict. The need to address the problem of increasing livestock holding in the long run is emphasized.
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Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language		Summary Language		Original Title
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Notes	Document Type: English			Approved	no
Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 333			Serial	689
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Author	Mishra, C.; Bagchi, S.
Title	Living with large carnivores: predation on livestock by the snow leopard (Uncia uncia)			Type	Journal Article
Year	2006	Publication	Journal of Zoology	Abbreviated Journal
Volume		Issue		Pages	1-8
Keywords	large; carnivores; carnivore; predation; livestock; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; uncia
Abstract	Livestock predation by large carnivores and their retaliatory persecution by pastoralists are worldwide conservation concerns. Poor understanding of the ecological and social underpinnings of this human-wildlife conflict hampers effective conflict management programs. The endangered snow leopard Uncia uncia is involved in conflict with people across its mountainous range in South and Central Asia, where pastoralism is the predominant land use, and is widely persecuted in retaliation. We examined human-snow leopard conflict at two sites in the Spiti region of the Indian Trans-Himalaya, where livestock outnumber wild ungulates, and the conflict is acute. We quantified the snow leopard's dependence on livestock by assessing its diet in two sites that differed in the relative abundance of livestock and wild ungulates. We also surveyed the indigenous Buddhist community's attitudes towards the snow leopard in these two sites. Our results show a relatively high dependence of snow leopards on livestock. A higher proportion of the snow leopard's diet (58%) was livestock in the area with higher livestock (29.7 animals km^2) and lower wild ungulate abundance (2.1-3.1 bharal Pseudois nayaurkm^2), compared with 40% of diet in the area with relatively lower livestock (13.9km^2) and higher wild ungulate abundance (4.5-7.8 ibex Capra ibexkm^2). We found that the community experiencing greater levels of livestock losses was comparatively more tolerant towards the snow leopard. This discrepancy is explained by the presence of a conservation-incentive program at the site, and by differences in economic roles of livestock between these two communities. The former is more dependent on cash crops as a source of income while the latter is more dependent on livestock, and thereby less tolerant of the snow leopard. These data have implications for conflict management strategies. They indicate that the relative densities of livestock and wild prey may be reasonable predictors of the extent of predation by the snow leopard. However, this by itself is not an adequate measure of the intensity of conflict even in apparently similar cultural settings.
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Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language		Summary Language		Original Title
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Notes				Approved	no
Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 862			Serial	696
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Author	Chapron, G.
Title	Re-wilding: other projects help carnivores stay wild			Type	Journal Article
Year	2005	Publication	Nature	Abbreviated Journal
Volume	437	Issue		Pages	318
Keywords	Acinonyx jubatus, carnivore, coexistence, conservation, damage prevention, Panthera leo, snow leopard, survival, Uncia uncia
Abstract	Letter to Nature Editor, in response to: In their plea for bringing Pleistocene wildlife to the New World (“Re-wilding North America” Nature 436, 913–914; 2005), Josh Donlan and colleagues do not discuss successful efforts to ensure long-term survival of large carnivores in Africa and Asia. A few examples are given.
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Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language		Summary Language		Original Title
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
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ISSN		ISBN		Medium
Area		Expedition		Conference
Notes				Approved	no
Call Number	SLN @ rana @			Serial	1114
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Author	Suryawanshi, K.R., Bhatnagar, Y. V. B., Redpath, S., Mishra, C.
Title	People, predators and perceptions: patterns of livestock depredation by snow leopards and wolves			Type	Journal Article
Year	2013	Publication	Journal of Applied Ecology	Abbreviated Journal
Volume	50	Issue		Pages	550-560
Keywords	Canis lupus, Capra ibex, human–wildlife conflict, large carnivores, Panthera uncia, Pseudois nayaur, trans-Himalaya
Abstract	1. Livestock depredation by large carnivores is an important conservation and economic concern and conservation management would benefit from a better understanding of spatial variation and underlying causes of depredation events. Focusing on the endangered snow leopard Panthera uncia and the wolf Canis lupus, we identify the ecological factors that predispose areas within a landscape to livestock depredation. We also examine the potential mismatch between reality and human perceptions of livestock depredation by these carnivores whose survival is threatened due to persecution by pastoralists. 2. We assessed the distribution of the snow leopard, wolf and wild ungulate prey through field surveys in the 4000 km2 Upper Spiti Landscape of trans-Himalayan India. We interviewed local people in all 25 villages to assess the distribution of livestock and peoples’ perceptions of the risk to livestock from these carnivores. We monitored village-level livestock mortality over a 2-year period to assess the actual level of livestock depredation. We quantified several possibly influential independent variables that together captured variation in topography, carnivore abundance and abundance and other attributes of livestock. We identified the key variables influencing livestock depredation using multiple logistic regressions and hierarchical partitioning. 3. Our results revealed notable differences in livestock selectivity and ecological correlates of livestock depredation – both perceived and actual – by snow leopards and wolves. Stocking density of large-bodied free-ranging livestock (yaks and horses) best explained people’s threat perception of livestock depredation by snow leopards, while actual livestock depredation was explained by the relative abundance of snow leopards and wild prey. In the case of wolves, peoples’ perception was best explained by abundance of wolves, while actual depredation by wolves was explained by habitat structure. 4. Synthesis and applications. Our results show that (i) human perceptions can be at odds with actual patterns of livestock depredation, (ii) increases in wild prey populations will intensify livestock depredation by snow leopards, and prey recovery programmes must be accompanied by measures to protect livestock, (iii) compensation or insurance programmes should target large-bodied livestock in snow leopard habitats and (iv) sustained awareness programmes are much needed, especially for the wolf.
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Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language		Summary Language		Original Title
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN		ISBN		Medium
Area		Expedition		Conference
Notes				Approved	no
Call Number	SLN @ rakhee @			Serial	1396
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Author	Dickman, A., Macdonald, E., Macdonald, D.
Title	A review of financial instruments to pay for predator conservation and encourage human–carnivore coexistence			Type	Journal Article
Year	2011	Publication	PNAS	Abbreviated Journal
Volume	108	Issue	34	Pages	13937–13944
Keywords	human-carnivore conflict, payments for ecosystem services
Abstract	One of the greatest challenges in biodiversity conservation today is how to facilitate protection of species that are highly valued at a global scale but have little or even negative value at a local scale. Imperiled species such as large predators can impose significant economic costs at a local level, often in poverty-stricken rural areas where households are least able to tolerate such costs, and impede efforts of local people, especially traditional pastoralists, to escape from poverty. Furthermore, the costs and benefits involved in predator conservation often include diverse dimensions, which are hard to quantify and nearly impossible to reconcile with one another. The best chance of effective conservation relies upon translating the global value of carnivores into tangible local benefits large enough to drive conservation “on the ground.” Although human–carnivore coexistence involves significant noneconomic values, providing financial incentives to those affected negatively by carnivore presence is a common strategy for encouraging such coexistence, and this can also have important benefits in terms of reducing poverty. Here, we provide a critical overview of such financial instruments, which we term “payments to encourage coexistence”; assess the pitfalls and potentials of these methods, particularly compensation and insurance, revenuesharing, and conservation payments; and discuss how existing strategies of payment to encourage coexistence could be combined to facilitate carnivore conservation and alleviate local poverty.
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Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
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Notes	http://www.pnas.org/content/108/34/13937			Approved	no
Call Number	SLN @ rana @			Serial	1362
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Author	Cherkasova M.V.
Title	Predators			Type	Miscellaneous
Year	1982	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
Volume		Issue		Pages	15
Keywords	Ussr; Red Data book; mammals; carnivores; Cats; snow leopard.; 6420; Russian
Abstract	Among species included in the Red Data Book of the USSR, predators occupy the first place; of them, unconditional leadership belongs the cat family species. Nine of eleven species of the family are referred to as rare and endangered ones. In the past snow leopard (Uncia uncia) inhabited all mountains on the south of the USSR from Tien Shan and Pamir to Transbaikalia. Now it no longer inhabits many of its previous habitats and has become rare, everywhere. Its total population in the USSR is no more than 1000 animals. At the beginning of XX century there were cases that such an amount of snow leopard (i.e. 1,000) was hunted during one year. Until recently, hunting the species was allowed all year round and even encouraged.
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Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
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Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
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Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: They must live. Mammals.			Approved	no
Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 620			Serial	215
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Author	Dementiev G.P.
Title	Quadrupeds inhabitants of the mountains			Type	Miscellaneous
Year	1967	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
Volume		Issue		Pages	110-116
Keywords	asia; mountain fauna; endemics; species range; rodents; ungulates; carnivores; marmots; pikas; voles; ibex; mountain sheep; snow leopard.; 6480; Russian
Abstract	All species inhabiting the highlands of Asia are normally referred to as herbivorous or predators. A majority of alpine land species (rodents and ungulates) feeds upon leaves, stalks, and roots of plants. Among widely distributed highland species the most interesting are marmots, red pica, grey vole, argali, and ibex. Argali and ibex are preyed on by snow leopards. There are reasons to believe that these mountain animal species are more ancient than their cognates in a plain. All the way from Central Asia to Europe, species belonging to the eastern and western fauna complexes are observed to interpenetrate.
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Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language		Summary Language		Original Title
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Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: In severe cold and heat. (Animal and landscape).			Approved	no
Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 626			Serial	235
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Author	Elkin K.F.
Title	Predatory mammals in the Eastern Kazakhstan			Type	Miscellaneous
Year	1979	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
Volume		Issue		Pages	34-36
Keywords	Kazakhstan; carnivores; snow leopard.; 6530; Russian
Abstract	There are 20 predatory mammal species in eastern Kazakhstan, three of which disappeared (tiger, dhole, raccoon), five are endangered (snow leopard, wild cat, manul, marbled polecat, and stone marten). Snow leopard is not met in the South Altai and Tarbagatai each year.
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Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language		Summary Language		Original Title
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
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Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Ecologic fundamentals of protection and sustainable use of predatory mammals.			Approved	no
Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 631			Serial	252
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Author	Filonov K.F.
Title	Large terrestrial mammals in the reserves of Russia: their status and prospects of conservation			Type	Miscellaneous
Year	1996	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
Volume		Issue		Pages	343-348
Keywords	Russia; nature reserves; large mammals; carnivores; ungulates; distribution; number; snow leopard.; 6680; Russian
Abstract	The authors make an analysis of fauna of large mammals in 68 nature reserves. There are 10 carnivores and 17 ungulates. Wolf, brown bear, wolverine and lynx appeared to be more widely spread. Dhole, snow leopard, tiger, Himalayan bear have limited distribution and low density. Hey have recorded in a few nature reserves. Among the ungulates wild boar, musk deer, red deer, roe deer, moose, reindeer and aurochs are more widely spread.
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Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Status of mammal fauna in Russian and adjoining states.			Approved	no
Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 646			Serial	276
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Author	Formozov A.N.
Title	Seasonal migrations of mammals due to snow cover. Distribution of the Felidae family species			Type	Miscellaneous
Year	1990	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
Volume		Issue		Pages	83-84
Keywords	Migration; ungulates; carnivores; snow leopard.; 6740; Russian
Abstract	It describes vertical migrations of ungulates (ibex, wild sheep) in the Semerechie, Altai, Sayans, Tuva, seasonal migrations of steppe ungulates (kulan and saiga), and migrations of predators (lynx, leopard, irbis, tiger, dhole, wolf, glutton) following ungulates during winters with thick snow cover. Shorter local migrations related to uneven snow cover are typical for corsac, fox, and wolf. An analysis of the Felidae family species distribution showed that northern border of the cat family species habitat is connected with borders of 20 30 cm thick snow cover rather than with landscape contours or typical habitats. With the exception of lynx, this can be referred to the large cat family species such as irbis, leopard, and tiger.
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Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language		Summary Language		Original Title
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
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Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Snow cover in life of mammals and birds.			Approved	no
Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 652			Serial	283
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Author	Ismagilov M.I.
Title	Protection of rare mammals in Kazakhstan			Type	Miscellaneous
Year	1983	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
Volume		Issue		Pages	230-232
Keywords	Kazakhstan; nature reserves; mammals; rare species; ungulates; carnivores; rodents; insectivores; bats; snow leopard.; 6990; Russian
Abstract	The following rare mammals can be found in nature reserves of Kazakhstan: argali, goitered gazelle, kulan, snow leopard, stone marten, Tien Shan brown bear, manul, Turkistan lynx, Menzbier's marmot, and porcupine. The rest of rare mammal species (three insectivorous species, seven rodent, eight predator, and two ungulate species) are outside of protected areas and require special protection measures.
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Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language		Summary Language		Original Title
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
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Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Population variability of species, and mammal gene bank conservation problems.			Approved	no
Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 677			Serial	424
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Author	Johnson, W.E.; Eizirik, E.; Pecon-Slattery, J.; Murphy, W.J.; Antunes, A.; Teeling, E.; O'Brien, S.J.
Title	The Late Miocene Radiation of Modern Felidae: A Genetic Assessment			Type	Miscellaneous
Year	2006	Publication	Science	Abbreviated Journal
Volume	311	Issue		Pages	74-77
Keywords	carnivore; classification; divergence; Dna; Felidae; fossil; lineages; Miocene; mitochondrial; Molecular; phylogeny; radiation; taxonomic
Abstract	Modern felid species descend from relatively recent (G11 million years ago) divergence and speciation events that produced successful predatory carnivores worldwide but that have confounded taxonomic classifications. A highly resolved molecular phylogeny with divergence dates for all living cat species, derived from autosomal, X-linked, Y-linked, and mitochondrial gene segments (22,789 base pairs) and 16 fossil calibrations define eight principal lineages produced through at least 10 intercontinental migrations facilitated by sea-level fluctuations. A ghost lineage analysis indicates that available felid fossils underestimate (i.e., unrepresented basal branch length) first occurrence by an average of 76%, revealing a low representation of felid lineages in paleontological remains. The phylogenetic performance of distinct gene classes showed that Y-chromosome segments are appreciably more informative than mitochondrial DNA, X-linked, or autosomal genes in resolving the rapid Felidae species radiation.
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Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language		Summary Language		Original Title
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
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Notes				Approved	no
Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 908			Serial	502
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Author	Kashkarov D.N.
Title	Order Carnivora- Carnivores. Family Felidae-Cats			Type	Miscellaneous
Year	1932	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
Volume		Issue		Pages	392-393
Keywords	Turkestan; carnivores; Cats; snow leopard; distribution; biology; preys.; 7090; Russian
Abstract	Snow leopard inhabits Tien Shan, Pamir, Bukhara and possibly Kopet-dag, as well as the Altai, Tibet, and northern slopes of the Himalayas. It preys on ibex, wild sheep, roe deer, hare, keklik (partridge), snow-cock and porcupine and sometimes attacks livestock. Snow leopard is not considered a dangerous animal since even being wounded, it would escape from men and could only rush to the attack when deadlocked.
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Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Animals of Turkestan.			Approved	no
Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 687			Serial	520
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Author	Kovshar A.F.
Title	Preservation of gene pool of rare and endangered animal species			Type	Miscellaneous
Year	1982	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
Volume		Issue		Pages	100-107
Keywords	Kazakhstan; gene pool; rare species; mammals; ungulates; carnivores; snow leopard; rodents; birds; reptiles; amphibians; fishes.; 7360; Russian
Abstract	The rare species are protected in six nature reserves in Kazakhstan, including 9 mammals, 29 birds, and one reptile species. More than 20 rare and endangered species inhabiting Kazakhstan cannot be met within the nature reserves. The point is to establish a network of state nature reserves, particularly in steppe and desert area of the country.
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Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: The nature conservation in Kazakhstan.			Approved	no
Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 714			Serial	581
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Author	Aristov A.A.
Title	Genus Irbises Uncia Gray, 1854. Irbis or snow leopard Uncia uncia (Schreber, 1775)			Type	Miscellaneous
Year	2001	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
Volume		Issue		Pages	329-336
Keywords	Russia and adjacent areas; carnivores; snow leopard; taxonomy; morphology; distribution; biology.; 6050; Russian
Abstract	An identification table for genus and species of mammals of Russia and adjacent areas is given. The taxonomy, morphology, distribution and life history of carnivores are described. The features of genus Uncia and species Uncia uncia, geographical variability, distribution, biology and value are described in detail.
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Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: The mammals of Russia and adjacent territories. Carnivores and Pinnipeds.			Approved	no
Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 584			Serial	97
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Author	Mishra, C.; Madhusudan, M.D.; Datta, A.
Title	Mammals of the high altitudes of western Arunachal Pradesh, eastern Himalaya: an assessment of threats and conservation needs			Type	Miscellaneous
Year	2006	Publication	Oryx	Abbreviated Journal
Volume	40	Issue	1	Pages	1-7
Keywords	anthropogenic; area; Arunachal; assessment; awareness; bharal; biodiversity; carnivore; carnivores; community; community-based; conservation; deer; depredation; dhole; endangered; extinct; fauna; goral; grazing; habitat; habitats; High; Himalaya; hunting; incentives; India; indian; Iucn; leopard; livestock; livestock-depredation; livestock depredation; local; mammals; musk; musk-deer; nayaur; panthera; people; peoples; plant; plants; potential; Pseudois; Pseudois-nayaur; pseudois nayaur; range; recent; region; Report; reserve; resource; schools; snow; snow-leopard; snow leopard; species; survey; surveys; threat; threatened; threats; tiger; uncia; Uncia-uncia; Uncia uncia; ungulate; ungulates; valley; wildlife; work; Panthera-tigris; tigris
Abstract	The high altitudes of Arunachal Pradesh,India, located in the Eastern Himalaya biodiversity hotspot, remain zoologically unexplored and unprotected. We report results of recent mammal surveys in the high altitude habitats of western Arunachal Pradesh. A total of 35 mammal species (including 12 carnivores, 10 ungulates and 5 primates) were recorded, of which 13 are categorized as Endangered or Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List. One species of primate, the Arunachal macaque Macaca munzala, is new to science and the Chinese goral Nemorhaedus caudatus is a new addition to the ungulate fauna of the Indian subcontinent. We documented peoples' dependence on natural resources for grazing and extraction of timber and medicinal plants. The region's mammals are threatened by widespread hunting. The snow leopard Uncia uncia and dhole Cuon alpinus are also persecuted in retaliation for livestock depredation. The tiger Panthera tigris, earlier reported from the lower valleys, is now apparently extinct there, and range reductions over the last two decades are reported for bharal Pseudois nayaur and musk deer Moschus sp.. Based on mammal species richness, extent of high altitude habitat, and levels of anthropogenic disturbance, we identified a potential site for the creation of Arunachal's first high altitude wildlife reserve (815 km2). Community-based efforts that provide incentives for conservation-friendly practices could work in this area, and conservation awareness programmes are required, not just amongst the local communities and schools but for politicians, bureaucrats and the army.
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Notes				Approved	no
Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 861			Serial	697
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Author	Sheikin A.O.
Title	Fleas of the carnivores of Kazakhstan (preliminary results of the data 1970-1888)			Type	Miscellaneous
Year	1996	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
Volume		Issue		Pages	353-361
Keywords	Kazakhstan; carnivores; ectoparasites; fleas; snow leopard.; 8130; Russian
Abstract	The analysis of the data of national collection of Parasitological museum of Kazakh Antiplague Institute on ectoparasites from 12 species of carnivores that can be found in Kazakhstan: caracal, snow leopard, ermine, mountain weasel etc. helped to determine the species of fleas and their hosts specialization. Fleas were found on 57 animals/ 50 species of fleas were found, which can be specified to 23 genera, the total number is 525. The specific ones for the carnivores are 6 species fleas. The very low density of ectoparasites was indicated for caracal and snow leopard.
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Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Status of mammal fauna in Russian and adjoining states.			Approved	no
Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 791			Serial	882
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Author	Sokov A.I.
Title	About rare carnivores of Tajikistan			Type	Miscellaneous
Year	1976	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
Volume		Issue		Pages	97-102
Keywords	Tajikistan; Pamir; conservation; rare species; carnivores; distribution; number; snow leopard.; 8210; Russian
Abstract	The data on distribution of 10 species of rare carnivores in Tajikistan are given. Uncia uncia uncia inhabits in high mountain regions of Central Tajikistan and Mountain-Badakhshan province. Tajikistan has banned the hunting of snow leopard since 1968. Author proposes to establish of nature reserves in Eastern Pamir in Aksay and Modur, in basin of Istyk river as well as in area from Matcha village to Zeravshan glacier including Southern Turkestan ridge and Northern Zeravshan ridge for purpose of snow leopard conservation.
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Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Rare mammals of USSR fauna.			Approved	no
Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 799			Serial	912
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Author	Sokov A.I.
Title	Environmental prerequisites for protection and sustainable use of predatory mammals in Tajikistan			Type	Miscellaneous
Year	1986	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
Volume	Vol. 3.	Issue		Pages	27-29
Keywords	Tajikistan; Red Data book; rare species; carnivores; large predators; brown bear; hyena; tiger; leopard; Lynx; snow leopard; decline; protection; sustainable use.; 8220; Russian
Abstract	In Tajikistan it is necessary to preserve big predators listed in the Red Book, such as Uncia uncia, Ursus arctos isabellinus, Hyaena hyaena, Felis lynx isabellina, Panthera pardus ciscaucasica. An anthropogenic influence has resulted in the species' habitat shrinkage, deficit of food, disturbance of trophic interactions. It is necessary to restore a tiger population in the Tigrovaya Balka nature reserve, and resolve the issue of protection and sustainable use of commercial predatory species.
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Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Proceedings of IV Congress of all-Union mammalists' society.			Approved	no
Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 800			Serial	913
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Author	Sosnovskiy I.P.
Title	Backstage of the Zoo			Type	Miscellaneous
Year	1981	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
Volume		Issue		Pages	52-79
Keywords	Russia; Moscow Zoo; zootechnik service; veterinary service; reptiles; birds; mammals; carnivores; snow leopard.; 8300; Russian
Abstract	It describes the Moscow Zoo services organization in a popular form; examples from every day work of the technical staff and zoo technical and veterinary service, animals' behaviour outside the cages are given.
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Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Live museums.			Approved	no
Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 808			Serial	916
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