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	Author	Ming, M., Munkhtsog, B., McCarthy, T., McCarthy, K.
	Title	Monitor ing of Population Density of Snow Leopard in X injiang			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2011	Publication	Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	27	Issue	1	Pages	79-83
	Keywords	Uncia uncia; snow leopard; monitoring method; trace; infrared camera; relative intensity
	Abstract	The snow leopard (Uncia uncia) is a very rare species in China. The survey of traces of snow leopard in Kunlun, Altay and Tianshan is them a instep of the Project of Snow Leopard in X injiang supported by the International Snow Leopard Trust ( SLT) and the Xinjiang Conservation Fund (XCF). During the field survey from 2004 to 2010, the Xinjiang Snow Leopard Group ( XSLG) spent about 270 days in over 20 different places, covering over 150 transects totaling nearly 190 km, and found 1- 3 traces per kilometer. The traces of snow leopard recorded include dung, odor, chains of footprints, scraping, paw nail marks, lying mark, fur, urine, bloodstain, leftover of prey corpse, roaring and others. Based on tracer image analyses, the XSLG got to know primarily scopes of the domains, distribution and relative density of the snow leopard in these areas. Then the group began to take infrared photos, conducted survey of food sources of the leopards, investigated fur market and paths of trading, and cases of killing, and carry out civil survey through questionnaire, non government organization community service and research on conflicts between grazing and wild life protection. A total of 36 infrared came ras were laid out, working a total of about 2 094 days or 50 256 hours. A total 71 rolls of film were collected and developed, includ ing 32 clear pictures of snow leopards, thus making up a shooting rate or capture rate of 1.53%. It was ascertained that in Tomur Peak area, there were 5- 8 snow leopards roaming within a range of 250 km2, forming a population density of 2&#56256;&#56321;0- 3&#56256;&#56321;2 per 100 km2. After compar ing the various monitoring results, the advantages and limitations of different monitoring methods have been discussed.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	Chinese	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @			Serial	1303
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	Author	Simms, A., Moheb, Z., Salahudin, Ali, H., Ali, I. & Wood, T.
	Title	Saving threatened species in Afghanistan: snow leopards in the Wakhan Corridor			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2011	Publication	International Journal of Environmental Studies	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	68	Issue	3	Pages	299-312
	Keywords	Snow leopard; Camera trap; Governance; Rangers; Corral; Insurance
	Abstract	The Wakhan Corridor in northeast Afghanistan is an area known for relatively abundant wildlife and it appears to represent Afghanistan’s most important snow leopard landscape. The Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) has been working in Wakhan since 2006. Recent camera trap surveys have documented the presence of snow leopards at 16 different locations in the landscape. These are the first camera trap records of snow leopards in Afghanistan. Threats to snow leopards in the region include the fur trade, retaliatory killing by shepherds and the capture of live animals for pets. WCS is developing an integrated management approach for this species, involving local governance, protection by a cadre of rangers, education, construction of predator-proof livestock corrals, a livestock insurance program, tourism and research activities. This management approach is expected to contribute significantly to the conservation of snow leopards and other wildlife species in the Wakhan.
	Address	Wildlife Conservation Society, International Programs, 2300 Southern Blvd, New York 10460, USA
	Corporate Author	Wildlife Conservation Society			Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @			Serial	1347
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	Author	Anwar, M., Jackson, R., Nadeem, M., Janecka, J., Hussain, S., Beg, M., Muhammad, G., and Qayyum, M.
	Title	Food habits of the snow leopard Panthera uncia (Schreber, 1775) in Baltistan, Northern Pakistan			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2011	Publication	European Journal of Wildlife Research	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue	3 March	Pages	1-7
	Keywords	Himalayas, Karakoram, Scat, Diet, Hair, Livestock, Biomass
	Abstract	The snow leopard (Panthera uncia) inhabits the high, remote mountains of Pakistan from where very little information is available on prey use of this species. Our study describes the food habits of the snow leopard in the Himalayas and Karakoram mountain ranges in Baltistan, Pakistan. Ninety-five putrid snow leopard scats were collected from four sites in Baltistan. Of these, 49 scats were genetically confirmed to have originated from snow leopards. The consumed prey was identified on the basis of morphological characteristics of hairs recovered from the scats. It was found that most of the biomass consumed (70%) was due to domestic livestock viz. sheep (23%), goat (16%), cattle (10%), yak (7%), and cattle–yak hybrids (14%). Only 30% of the biomass was due to wild species, namely Siberian ibex (21%), markhor (7%), and birds (2%). Heavy predation on domestic livestock appeared to be the likely cause of conflict with the local inhabitants. Conservation initiatives should focus on mitigating this conflict by minimizing livestock losses.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Springer Berlin / Heidelberg	Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1612-4642	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @			Serial	1304
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	Author	Shrestha, B., Kindlmann, P.
	Title	Interactions between the Himalayan tahr, livestock and snow leopards in the Sagarmatha National Park			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2011	Publication	Himalayan Biodiversity in the Changing World	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor	Springer, dordrecht
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
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	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @			Serial	1305
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	Author	Kinoshita, K., Inada, S., Seki, K., Sasaki, A., Hama, N., Kusunoki, H.
	Title	Long-Term Monitoring of Fecal Steroid Hormones in Female Snow Leopards (Panthera uncia) during Pregnancy or Pseudopregnancy			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2011	Publication	PLoS ONE	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	6	Issue	5	Pages	e19314. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0019314
	Keywords
	Abstract	Knowledge of the basic reproductive physiology of snow leopards is required urgently in order to develop a suitable management conditions under captivity. In this study, the long-term monitoring of concentrations of three steroid hormones in fecal matter of three female snow leopards was performed using enzyme immunoassays: (1) estradiol-17β, (2) progesterone and (3) cortisol metabolite. Two of the female animals were housed with a male during the winter breeding season, and copulated around the day the estradiol-17β metabolite peaked subsequently becoming pregnant. The other female was treated in two different ways: (1) first housed with a male in all year round and then (2) in the winter season only. She did not mate with him on the first occasion, but did so latter around when estradiol-17β metabolite peaked, and became pseudopregnant. During pregnancy, progesterone metabolite concentrations increased for 92 or 94 days, with this period being approximately twice as long as in the pseudopregnant case (31, 42, 49 and 53 days). The levels of cortisol metabolite in the pseudopregnant female (1.35 µg/g) were significantly higher than in the pregnant females (0.33 and 0.24 µg/g) (P<0.05). Similarly, during the breeding season, the levels of estradiol-17β metabolite in the pseudopregnant female (2.18 µg/g) were significantly higher than those in the pregnant females (0.81 and 0.85 µg/g) (P<0.05). Unlike cortisol the average levels of estradiol-17β during the breeding season were independent of reproductive success. The hormone levels may also be related to housing conditions and the resulting reproductive success in female leopards. The female housed with a male during the non-breeding season had high levels of cortisol metabolites and low levels of estradiol-17β in the breeding season, and failed to become pregnant. This indicates that housing conditions in snow leopards may be an important factor for normal endocrine secretion and resulting breeding success.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Texas A & M University	Place of Publication	United States of America	Editor	Sharon Gursky-Doyen
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
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	Notes	PLoS ONE 6(5): e19314. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0019314			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @			Serial	1317
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	Author	Padmanabhan, S.
	Title	Rinchen Wangchuk – (1969-2011)			Type	Magazine Article
	Year	2011	Publication	Sanctuary Asia	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract	On March 26, 2011, the world of conservation became poorer by the passing away of Rinchen Wangchuk, the Founder and Director of the Snow Leopard Conservancy-India Trust (SLC-IT) in Leh. Rinchen had been ill for the past three years, having been diagnosed with a deteriorating neurological condition for which traditional medical systems and allopathy have no cure yet. Over the past decade, Rinchen, affectionately referred to as the “snow leopard man” by friends, had played a pivotal role in Ladakh, having initiated one of the most successful community-based initiatives that had changed local people’s perceptions of predators like the snow leopard and Tibetan wolf from “pests” to a valued asset.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
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	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @			Serial	1330
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	Author	Wildlife Times
	Title	Wildlife Times			Type	Magazine Article
	Year	2011	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue	November	Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract	Snow Leopard Count – A census of Snow Leopard has started in Mustang District, Nepal
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
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	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rakhee @			Serial	1373
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	Author	Suryawanshi, K.
	Title	An encounter in snow			Type	Magazine Article
	Year	2011	Publication	FRONTLINE	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	28	Issue	10	Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract	In the trans-Himalayan region, a conservation effort has reduced conflicts between snow leopards and pastoralists. Photographs & text by author.
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	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
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	Notes	http://www.frontline.in/stories/20110520281005800.htm; INDIA'S NATIONAL MAGAZINE, from the publishers of THE HINDU, May 7-20, 2011			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @			Serial	1316
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	Author	Suryawanshi, K., K.
	Title	Sunshine and the Shadow			Type	Magazine Article
	Year	2011	Publication	Hornbill	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue	April-June	Pages	34-37
	Keywords	Spiti, Himachal Pradesh, India, snow leopard, sighting, observation, blue sheep, Pseudois nayaur
	Abstract	Kulbhushansingh Suryawanshi shares an update on his blog which describes snow leopard sightings in Spiti, Himachal Pradesh, while studying the foraging behavior and eating habits of blue sheep (Pseudois nayaur).
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	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
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	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @			Serial	1360
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	Author	Trivedi, P.
	Title	From Cashmere to Gowa			Type	Magazine Article
	Year	2011	Publication	Journal of East China Normal University (Special Issue of Zoology)nbill	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue	April-June	Pages	4-10
	Keywords	Tibetan gazelle, gowa, Procapra picticaudata, Kalak Tar Tar, KTT, India, Ladakh, Sikkim
	Abstract	Story of research trip looking for Tibetan Gazelle (Procapra picticaudata) in its last stronghold in India – Kalak Tar Tar (KTT) plateau in the Hanle area of hangthang – the great Tibetan high altitude plain that stretches at its extreme south-western and southeastern edges into India in Ladakh and Sikkim respectively. Species is known locally as “gowa”.
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	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @			Serial	1359
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