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Author Namgail, T.; Fox, J.; Bhatnagar, Y. url 
  Title Habitat shift and time budget of the Tibetan argali: the influence of livestock grazing Type (down) Miscellaneous
  Year 2007 Publication Ecological Resources Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 22 Issue Pages 25-31  
  Keywords habitat shift; livestock; Tibetan argali; Time budget; trans-himalaya  
  Abstract Livestock production is the primary source of livelihood and income in most of the high steppe and alpine regions of the Indian Trans-Himalaya. In some areas, especially those established or proposed for biodiversity conservation, recent increases in populations of domestic livestock, primarily sheep and goats, have raised concern about domestic animals competitively excluding wild herbivores from the rangelands. We

evaluated the influence of domestic sheep and goat grazing on the habitat use and time budget of the endangered Tibetan argali Ovis ammon hodgsoni in the proposed Gya-Miru Wildlife Sanctuary, Ladakh, India. We asked if the domestic sheep and goat grazing and collateral human activities relegate the argali to suboptimal habitats, and alter their foraging time budgets. Data were collected on habitat use and time budget of a population of c. 50 argalis before and after c. 2,000 sheep and goats moved onto their winter pasture in the Tsabra catchment of the aforementioned reserve. Following the introduction of domestic sheep and goats, argalis continued to use the same catchment but shifted to steeper habitats, closer to cliffs, with lower vegetation cover, thus abandoning previously used plant communities with denser cover. Argalis' active time spent foraging also decreased by 10% in response to the presence of livestock. These results suggest a clear disturbance effect of livestock on argalis, and indicate a potential for competition, conceivably a significant disadvantage for argalis in winter when forage availability is minimal.
 
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  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 926 Serial 713  
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Author Mitropolskiy O.V. url 
  Title Biodiversity of mammals in Uzbekistan: results of the studies; conservation, use and monitoring projects Type (down) Miscellaneous
  Year 2004 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume N 8. Issue Pages 18-25  
  Keywords Western Tien Shan; rare species; status; threats; conservation measures; snow leopard; brown bear; Tien Shan argali; Karatau argali; Menzbier's marmot.; 7660; Russian  
  Abstract The article reviews conservation projects regarding valuable species of the West Tien Shan such as snow leopard, Tien Shan brown bear, Tien Shan and Karatau argali, Menzbier's marmot. The questioning revealed three cases of poaching snow leopard in the West Tien Shan in Kazakhstan, and 11 in Uzbekistan. A necessity to severely suppress any acts of poaching or skin trade is emphasized. A number of measures is suggested to preserve the species.  
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  Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Information bulletin/digest of Central Asia transboundary biodiversity project. Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 744 Serial 699  
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Author Lui, C.-guang; Zheng, C.-wu; Ren, J.-rang url 
  Title Research Foods and Food Sources About Snow Leopard (Panthera uncia) Type (down) Miscellaneous
  Year 2003 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 31 Issue Pages 154-159  
  Keywords research; foods; food; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; panthera; panthera uncia; Panthera-uncia; uncia; Chinese; deer; kiang; argali; Qinghai; gansu; Sichuan; Comparative; congruence; species; distribution; variation  
  Abstract During 1984-1987, 1992-1995, and 1998-2001, the author researched snow leopard, white lipped deer, kiang, and argali in Qinghai, Gansu, Xingiang, and Sichuan. He collected 644 snow leopard droppings, and analyzed kinds of foods and sources from perch. Snow leopard's foods include most main foods, main foods, comparative foods and lesser foods. Studied one another

index of faunistic congruence of foods species that from various distribution and variation both perch vertical variety and foods of snow leopard.
 
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  Notes Full text available in Chinese. Periodical: Journal of Shaanxi Normal University (Natural Science Edition) Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 877 Serial 626  
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Author Abdulnazarov A.G. url 
  Title About status of the Red Book vertebrates in the Zorkul nature reserve Type (down) Miscellaneous
  Year 2002 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 5-6  
  Keywords Tajikistan; Zorkul nature reserve; Pamir argali; rare species; snow leopard; 5750; Russian  
  Abstract In the nature reserve, there are 18 animal species listed in the Red Book of the Republic of Tajikistan including 8 mammal species, one of which, snow leopard, is in the Red List of IUCN. There are 10 Red Book bird species in the nature reserve. Pamir argali is represented by several dozens of isolated groups. No encounters of Tien Shan brown bear, dhole and lynx have been reported in the nature reserve over the last years. A total number of mountain geese were about 400, in the year 2001. Mongolian saker falcon was met twice. Two golden eagles and six lammergeyers were found too.  
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  Language Russian Summary Language Original Title  
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  Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Ecologic features of biological diversity. Proceedings of the second international scientific conference. Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 555 Serial 21  
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Author Kydyraliev A.K. url 
  Title Some animal species' habitat alteration in the Central Tien Shan Type (down) Miscellaneous
  Year 1970 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Part 1. Issue Pages 46-48  
  Keywords Kyrgyzstan; tien shan; human influence; water conservation activity; decline; range; number; birds; mammals; game species; moral; argali; snow leopard.; 7540; Russian  
  Abstract Irrigation and drainage activity in Tien Shan led some bird species to disappear. Number of species to build their nests in tree holes has dropped. Mongolian sandpiper and black-bellied sand grouse disappeared in the steppe areas. Great bustard, formerly nesting in this area, can now be rarely seen only in migration. The direct anthropogenic influence resulted in shrinkage of game animal and bird populations such as moral, goitered gazelle, argali, snow leopard, and stone marten.  
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  Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Influence of anthropogenic factors on the formation of zoogeographic complexes. The fifth inter-school zoogeographic conference. Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 732 Serial 605  
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Author Kovshar A.F. url 
  Title Snow leopard. Uncia uncia Type (down) Miscellaneous
  Year 1985 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 85-86  
  Keywords Kazakhstan; snow leopard; distribution; diet; wild ibex; argali; number; breeding; poaching; over livestock; nature reserves.; 7400; Russian  
  Abstract In the Soviet Union snow leopard inhabits highlands of Central Asia, Kazakhstan, Altai and the Sayans. In Kazakhstan, this species can be found in Jungara Alatau, Tien Shan, Tarbagatai, Saura, and Altai; formerly was seen at the Karatau ridge. It mostly preys on ibex and argali. The heat time is February April, cubs are born in May June. Its population has decrease because of the initiation of livestock grazing on mountain pastures, poaching, and wild ungulates population shrinkage. This species is protected in Aksu Jabagly and Almaty nature reserves. More nature reserves need to be established in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan.  
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  Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: In the world of rare animals. Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 718 Serial 584  
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Author Singh, N.J. url 
  Title Animal – Habitat relationships in high altitude rangelands Type (down) Manuscript
  Year 2008 Publication PhD Thesis Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 150  
  Keywords high altitude, homogeneous, argali, habitat selection, resource selection function, ENFA, stratified random sampling, sexual segregation, SSAS, livestock, predation, resources  
  Abstract This study conducted in the high altitude rangelands of Indian Transhimalaya, deals with basic questions regarding the ecology of an endangered species, the wildsheep Tibetan argali (Ovis ammon hodgsoni) and applied issues related to its conservation and potential conflict with the local nomadic pastoralists. The basic questions on ecology are aimed at delineating the habitat and resource selection processes, identifying factors causing sexual segregation and efficient surveying and sampling. The applied aspect focuses on the changing face of pastoralism and the potential impacts of modernising livestock husbandry on argali.

Overall, the study provides a general framework towards the understanding of argali-habitat relationships at different spatio-temporal scales. The spatial determinant associated with altitude in the area, predicts argali habitat and resource selection in this relatively homogenous landscape. These determine the range of other topographic variables and forage characteristics selected by argali. The selection of feeding patches in the selected range of altitude and topography is mainly characterised by their greenness and the quality of plant groups. Adjusting to changing forage quality, argali display an opportunistic feeding strategy, selecting grasses in early spring and switching to forbs later in summer. Nevertheless, the habitat selection process did not appear to differ among the sexes to drive sexual segregation. There was, however, strong segregation among the sexes as well as between lactating and non lactating females. The reasons for segregation appeared to be predominantly social, but driven ultimately by predation and concomitantly by resources. The habitat selection information was used to design a stratified random sampling strategy that led to i) a significant reduction in survey effort in sampling these sparsely distributed species and ii) reduction in sampling bias.

The applied aspect of the study outlines and evaluates the dramatic changes in the nomadic pastoralism that have occurred in the past five decades in the study area. These have led to a loss of pastures (-25 to -33%) of the nomads, consequent readjustment in traditional patterns of pasture use, intensified grazing pressures (25 to 70%) and rangeland degradation in the area. Such changes may have serious consequences on the survival of local wildlife, as tested with a study of the effects on argali of livestock presence and resource exploitation. Hence, a successful conservation and recovery strategy should focus on: minimising the impacts of livestock on argali, identifying the factors affecting the persistence of the current populations, increasing local sub populations of this species to prevent extinction due to stochastic events, prevent loss of genetic diversity and excessive fragmentation and thus ensuring gene flow.

Ecological Niche Factor Analyses (ENFA), bias-reduced logistic regression and Fuzzy correspondence analyses (FCA) were used to answer habitat and resource selection questions. A sexual segregation and aggregation statistic (SSAS) was used to estimate the components of sexual segregation and test segregation. SSAS combined with canonical correspondence analyses (CCA) allowed the estimation of segregation based on habitat variables. Logistic regression models were formulated to estimate models on which the stratified random sampling strategy was based. The 9 Animal – Habitat relationships in high altitude rangelands overall study also included surveys, interviews and literature reviews to understand the nomads’ movement and pasture use patterns of their livestock. Kernel density estimations (KDE) were used to estimate extent of range overlaps between livestock and argali.
 
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  Publisher University of Tromsø Place of Publication Norway Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
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  Notes PhD Thesis Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ Serial 1306  
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Author Namgail, T. url 
  Title Gya-Miru: last refuge of the Tibetan argali Type (down) Magazine Article
  Year 2003 Publication Sanctuary Asia Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 23 Issue Pages 16-21  
  Keywords Tibetan argali, Ovis ammon  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ Serial 1313  
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Author Tumursukh, L., Suryawanshi, K. R., Mishra, C., McCarthy, T. M., Boldgiv, B. url 
  Title Status of the mountain ungulate prey of the Endangered snow leopard Panthera uncia in the Tost Local Protected Area, South Gobi, Mongolia Type (down) Journal Article
  Year 2015 Publication Oryx Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 1-6  
  Keywords Argali, Central Asia, double-observer survey, ibex, Panthera uncia, snow leopard, ungulate prey  
  Abstract The availability of wild prey is a critical predictor of carnivore density. However, few conservation pro- grammes have focused on the estimation and monitoring of wild ungulate populations and their trends, especially in the remote mountains of Central Asia. We conducted double-observer surveys to estimate the populations of ibex Capra sibirica and argali Ovis ammon in the mountain- ous regions of Tost Local Protected Area, South Gobi prov- ince, Mongolia, which is being considered for designation as a Nature Reserve. We also conducted demographic surveys of the more abundant ibex to examine their sex-ratio and the survival of young during –. The estimated ibex population remained stable in  and  and the es- timated argali population increased from  in  to  in . The biomass of wild ungulates was c. % that of live- stock. Mortality in young ibex appeared to increase after weaning, at the age of  months. We estimated the popula- tion of wild ungulates was sufficient to support – adult snow leopards Panthera uncia. The adult snow leopard population in our study area during –, estimated independently using camera-trap-based mark–recapture methods, was –. Based on our results we identify the Tost Local Protected Area as an important habitat for the conservation of these ungulates and their predator, the Endangered snow leopard, and recommend elevation of its status to a Nature Reserve.  
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  Call Number SLN @ rakhee @ Serial 1425  
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Author Namgail, T.; Fox, J.; Bhatnagar, Y.V. url 
  Title Habitat segregation between sympatric Tibetan argali Ovis ammon hodgsoni and blue sheep Pseudois nayaur in the Indian Trans-Himalaya Type (down) Journal Article
  Year 2004 Publication Journal of Zoology Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 262 Issue Pages 57-63  
  Keywords argali; Ovis ammon hodgsoni; blue sheep; pseudois nayaur; Habitat selection; resource partitioning; niche relationship; 5200  
  Abstract Tibetan argali Ovis ammon hodgsoni and blue sheep Pseudois nayaur have almost completely overlapping distributions encompassing most of the Tibetan plateau and its margins. Such a sympatric distribution of related species with similar ecological requirements implies that there is some degree of resource partitioning. This may be accomplished on the basis of habitat and/or diet separation. This study evaluated such ecological separation on the basis of physical habitat partitioning by these two sympatric ungulates in Hemis High Altitude National Park, Ladakh, India, in an area where the argali established a small new population in 1978. Such separation was tested for

on the basis of expected difference between the species in their proximity to cliffs, associated with species-specific anti-predator behaviour. Tibetan argali selected habitats away from cliffs while blue sheep selected habitats close to cliffs. Blue sheep also selected steep slopes whereas argali selected gentle slopes. The two species did not differ

in their use of habitats in terms of elevation. They did, however, differ in their use of plant communities; blue sheep selected sub-shrub and grass-dominated communities whilst argali selected forb-dominated communities. We suggest that the two species coexist in this site as a result of the differential use of habitat associated with their

species-specific anti-predator strategies.
 
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  Notes Full text available at URL Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 505 Serial 710  
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