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Records |
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Author |
Anonymous |
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Title |
Snow leopard trade in court |
Type |
Unsupported: Case |
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Year |
1984 |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Keywords |
snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; trade; India; people; coat |
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Notes |
Press note on court findings in India, convicting people in posession of a snow leopard coat. |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 943 |
Serial |
78 |
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Author |
Khan, J. |
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Title |
Availability of snow leopard pelt in Pakistan |
Type |
Report |
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Year |
2002 |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Keywords |
snow leopard, Pakistan, pelt, wildlife trade |
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English |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ |
Serial |
1246 |
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Author |
Theile, S. |
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Title |
Fading Footprints: The Killing and Trade of Snow Leopards |
Type |
Report |
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Year |
2003 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Keywords |
snow; leopard; poaching; trade; traffic; Cites; endangered; hunting; 5130 |
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Abstract |
Snow Leopards, in a genus of their own, are endangered big cats. They inhabit rugged,
mountainous terrain, in 12 range States – Afghanistan, Bhutan, China, India, Kazakhstan,
Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Nepal, Pakistan, the Russian Federation, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan.
There are regional differences in prey, but the cats' natural prey includes ungulates and rodents.
The global population of Snow Leopards is estimated to be between about 4000 and 7000, but
sharp declines in populations have been reported over the past decade from parts of the species's
range. High levels of hunting for the animals' skins and for live animals, for zoos, during the
last century contributed to the species's endangered status and, from the 1970s, legal measures
were taken for its protection. In 1975, the species was listed in Appendix I of CITES (the
Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Fauna and Flora) and in 1985 it
became an Appendix-I species of the Convention of Migratory Species. It has been accorded
nation-wide legal protection in almost every range State, in some cases since the 1970s. In spite
of such provision, Snow Leopards have been hunted during the 1990s in numbers as high as at
any time in the past and this killing continues in the present century. This report details the status of illegal poaching and trade in snow leopards in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. |
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Publisher |
Traffic International |
Place of Publication |
Caimbridge, UK |
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no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 499 |
Serial |
965 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Anonymous |
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Title |
A snow leopard conservation plan for Mongolia |
Type |
Report |
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Year |
2000 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
1-8 |
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Keywords |
awareness; behaviour; biodiversity; conservation plan; decline; density; ecology; fund-raising; funding; habitat degradation; Himalayan; management; Mongolia; montane; pastoralists; pelt; predator; snow-leopard-conservation-plan; snow leopard; trade; Wwf |
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Abstract |
The snow leopard faces multiple threats in the Himalayan region, from habitat degradation, loss of prey, the trade in pelts, parts and live animals, and conflict with humans, primarily pastoralists. Consequently, the populations are considered to be in decline and the species is listed as Endangered in the IUCN's Red List. As a 'flagship' and 'umbrella' species the snow leopard can be a unifying biological feature to raise awareness of its plight and the need for conservation, which will benefit other facets of Himalayan biodiversity as well. Some studies of snow leopards have been conducted in the Himalayan region. But, because of its elusive nature and preference for remote and inaccessible habitat, knowledge of the ecology and behaviour of this mystical montane predator is scant. The available information, however, suggests that snow leopards occur at low densities and large areas of habitat are required to conserve a viable population. Thus, many researchers and conservationists have advocated landscape-scale approaches to conservation within a regional context, rather than focusing on individual protected areas.This regional strategy for WWF's snow leopard conservation program is built on such an approach. The following were identified as important regional issues: 1) international trade in snow leopards and parts; 2) the human-snow leopard conflict; 3) the need for a landscape approach to conservation to provide large spatial areas that can support demographically and ecologically viable snow leopard metapopulations; 4) research on snow leopard ecology to develop long-term, science-based conservation management plans; and 5) regional coordination and dialog. While the issues are regional, the WWF's in the region have developed 5-year strategic actions and activities, using the regional strategies as a touchstone, which will be implemented at national levels. The WWF's will develop proposals based on these strategic actions, with estimated budgets, for use by the network for funding and fund-raising. WWF also recognizes the need to collaborate and coordinate within the network and with other organizations in the region to achieve conservation goals in an efficient manner, and will form a working group to coordinate activities and monitor progress. |
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Notes |
Publication date unknown but must be at least from 2000. |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 995 |
Serial |
92 |
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Author |
Wingard, J.R.; Zahler, P. |
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Title |
Silent Steppe: The Illegal Wildlife Trade Crisis in Mongolia |
Type |
Report |
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Year |
2006 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
1-147 |
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Keywords |
steppe; illegal; wildlife; trade; Mongolia; asia; environment; social; development |
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Abstract |
The current study in Mongolia is truly groundbreaking, in that it shows that the problem of commercial wildlife trade is also vast, unsustainable, and a major threat to wildlife populations in other areas. This paper's Executive Summary briefs the topics of wildlife trade in Mongolia, fur trade, medicinal trade, game meat trade, trophy and sport hunting, trade chains and markets, trade sustainability, impacts of wildlife trade on biodiversity conservation, impacts of trade on rural livelihoods, enabling wildlife management, and management recommendations. The main content of the paper includes: wildlife trade survey methods, a history of wildlife trade in Mongolia, wildlife take and trade today, enabling wildlife management, and recommendations and priority actions. The recommendations have been divided into six separate sections, including (1) cross-cutting recommendations, (2) international trade enforcement, (3) domestic trade enforcement, (4) hunting management, (5) trophy and sport hunting management, and (6) community-based approaches. Each section identifies short-term, long-term, and regulatory goals in order of priority within each subsection. |
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Publisher |
World Bank |
Place of Publication |
Washington D.C. |
Editor |
East Asia and Pacific Environment and Social Development Department |
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Notes |
English version. Mongolian language translation is also available in the SLN bibliography. Mongolia Discussion Papers. East Asia and Pacific Environment and Social Development Department. Washington D.C.: World Bank. |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1057 |
Serial |
1025 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Wingard, J.R.; Zahler, P. |
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Title |
Silent Steppe: The Illegal Wildlife Trade Crisis in Mongolia |
Type |
Report |
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Year |
2006 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
1-170 |
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Keywords |
steppe; illegal; wildlife; trade; Mongolia; study; threat; populations; population; areas; area; fur; fur trade; fur-trade; game; meat; hunting; Chain; impact; biodiversity; Biodiversity conservation; conservation; rural; livelihood; Wildlife-Management; management; survey; survey methods; methods; history; action; International; enforcement; domestic; community-based; approach |
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Abstract |
The current study in Mongolia is truly groundbreaking, in that it shows that the problem of commercial wildlife trade is also vast, unsustainable, and a major threat to wildlife populations in other areas. This paper's Executive Summary briefs the topics of wildlife trade in Mongolia, fur trade, medicinal trade, game meat trade, trophy and sport hunting, trade chains and markets, trade sustainability, impacts of wildlife trade on biodiversity conservation, impacts of trade on rural livelihoods, enabling wildlife management, and management recommendations. The main content of the paper includes: wildlife trade survey methods, a history of wildlife trade in Mongolia, wildlife take and trade today, enabling wildlife management, and recommendations and priority actions. The recommendations have been divided into six separate sections, including (1) cross-cutting recommendations, (2) international trade enforcement, (3) domestic trade enforcement, (4) hunting management, (5) trophy and sport hunting management, and (6) community-based approaches. Each section identifies short-term, long-term, and regulatory goals in order of priority within each subsection. |
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Publisher |
World Bank |
Place of Publication |
Washington, D.C. |
Editor |
East Asia and Pacific Environment and Social Development Department |
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Notes |
Mongolian version. English language translation is also available in the SLN bibliography. Mongolia Discussion Papers. East Asia and Pacific Environment and Social Development Department. Washington D.C.: World Bank. |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1079 |
Serial |
1026 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Hongfa, X. and Kirkpatrick, C. |
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Title |
The State of Wildlife Trade in China. Information on the trade in wild animals and plants in China 2006. |
Type |
Report |
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Year |
2006 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Pages |
3-20 |
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Keywords |
clouded leopard, economy, illegal killing, leopard, Neofelis nebulosa, Panthera pardus, Panthera tigris, poaching, policy, snow leopard, tiger, trade, TRAFFIC, Uncia uncia |
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Abstract |
Welcome to the first edition of The State of Wildlife Trade in China. This publication takes a broad look at wildlife trade over the past year, particularly concerning the impact of China's consumption on globally important biodiversity 'hotspots'. The focus of The State of Wildlife Trade in China is on emerging trends in China's wildlife trade and up-to-date reviews of work to stop illegal wildlife trade and support sustainable trade. The lead story in this issue is the illegal trade in Tigers and other Asian big cats. During 2006, surveys continued to document this illegal trade, as well as highlight opportunities for action. Other stories in this issue give updates on trade in reef fishes from Southeast Asia's 'Coral Triangle' and in timber from the forests of the Russian Far East, Borneo, and East Africa. China's wildlife trade presents both challenges and opportunities. This annual report aims to provide current information about wildlife trade in China and to provide avenues for involvement in China's conservation community. It is part of TRAFFIC's on-going commitment to turn information into action. |
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TRAFFIC |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ |
Serial |
1127 |
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Author |
Yanushevich A.I. |
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Title |
Status of hunting industry in Kyrgyzstan |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
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Year |
1969 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
Part. II. |
Issue |
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Pages |
110-113 |
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Keywords |
Kyrgyzstan; game species; fur-trade; snow leopard.; 8600; Russian |
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Abstract |
In Kyrgyz SSR, there are 26 fur animal species, including three acclimatized, six wild ungulate and 70 bird species. They all can serve as objects of commercial and sport hunting. 56 snow leopards, 120 wild boars, 96 roe-deers, 121 ibexes, and 14 argalis were caught 1962 1967. A majority of the animals were exported from the country. The Kyrgyz SSR is one of the main suppliers of snow leopards, hunting for which for the sake of its fur-skin is prohibited. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Proceedings of conference “Capacity and production of game preserves in the USSR”. |
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no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 837 |
Serial |
1053 |
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Author |
Anonymous |
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Title |
Snow leopard in Mongolia |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
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Year |
2001 |
Publication |
Pamphlet. |
Abbreviated Journal |
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1-27 |
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action plan, CCT, conservation, distribution, fur trade, habitat |
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Abstract |
This documents contains a review of the snow leopard's distribution, status and habitat in Mongolia, describes threats and conservation needs of the species, and outlines presently implemented actions. Five major threats are identified: 1) Poaching 2) loss of prey 3) degradation, fragmentation and loss of habitat 4) conflict with herders 5) lack of public awareness. Actions to mitigate the five major threats are recommended and future conservation priorities are set. |
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Corporate Author |
WWF Mongolia Country Office & International Snow Leopard Trust |
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Place of Publication |
Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia |
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English |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ |
Serial |
1112 |
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Author |
Wajrak, A. |
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Title |
Snow Leopard Skins in Poland (Polowanie Na Sniezna Pantere) |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
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Year |
1994 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
Gazeta Wyborcza. |
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Keywords |
Russia; Ussr; skins; furs; pelts; poaching; trade; browse; Soviet-Union; soviet union; soviet; union; 3160; information; 920; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; skin |
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Abstract |
Full Text: In 1991, Dr Andrzej Kruszewicz of the Institute of Ecology of the Polish Academy of Sciences saw a “quite fresh” snow leopard skin on sale by a Russian in a Warsaw market for three million Polish zlotys ($300). A few weeks later he saw another skin in a shop in the centre of Warsaw. In spring 1992, Marcin Waslawski from the Institute of Geography saw a snow leopard skin in the same market for the equivalent of $200. The seller was an Asian from a former Soviet Republic. In summer 1992, Wajrak himself saw a snow leopard skin in a hunters' shop in Warsaw and in winter saw one in the home of a Polish hunter, who said it was a gift from a Mongolian friend. In winter 1994, a student from Britain saw a Polish long coat of snow leopard skins in Bialowieza. Wajrak saw a skin in a Warsaw shop, which the owner said was 15-20 years old; he got it from a Polish diplomat who had been in Mongolia and had three snow leopard skins. The skin was priced at the equivalent of $1,000. Wajrak added that he had been told that it was possible to buy tiger skins from Russians in Poland and he was trying to find one; I have not heard from him since. |
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Notes |
Information from Adam Wajrak of Gazeta Wyboracza (T: 48 2 416 920)
24/4/94. |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 268 |
Serial |
1002 |
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Author |
Friends of the Earth |
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Title |
Like the coat? The last owner was killed in it. |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
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Year |
1981 |
Publication |
Wildlife |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Keywords |
snow leopard, pelt, trade |
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Advertisement |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ |
Serial |
1217 |
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Author |
Aizim B.M., S.E.D. |
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Title |
Snow leopard Felis uncia Schreb |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
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Year |
1969 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
56-59 |
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Keywords |
Kyrgyzstan; snow leopard; distribution; number; trade.; 5920; Russian |
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Abstract |
It says about snow leopard in Kyrgyzstan, its distribution, number, food, reproduction, and hunting behavioral patterns, and encounters with human beings. The only enemy of snow leopard is man. From economic point of view snow leopard is of interest only in terms of catching the animals for zoo-export. The skin of snow leopard in commercial trade is of negligent importance. Local population uses the skins for decorating walls, tailoring man's fur coats and sometimes as floor carpets. |
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Russian |
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Notes |
Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Game species of Kyrgyzstan. |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 571 |
Serial |
43 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
International Snow Leopard Trust |
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Title |
Snow Leopard News Summer/ Fall 1999 |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
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Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Snow Leopard News |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Keywords |
distribution; stutus; fur-trade; bones; medicine; conservation; enforcement; awareness; education; poaching; killing; hunting; web-of-life-poster; Slims; Nepal; field-study; Mongolia; prey; pelts; livestock; retaliatory-killing; habitat; browse; 4420 |
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Publisher |
Islt |
Place of Publication |
Seattle, WA |
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Full Text at URLTable of Contents1.Conservation Challenges2.Education in Action: Posters Distributed in Mongolia and Bhutan3.5th SLIMS Workshop Held in Nepal4.News and Notes5.Thoughts From a Snow Leopard6.Snow Leopard Spot |
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SLN @ rana @ 430 |
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927 |
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Author |
International Snow Leopard Trust |
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Title |
Trade Continues in Snow Leopard Skins |
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Miscellaneous |
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1996 |
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Snowline |
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xiv |
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poaching; pelts; trade; asia; Pakistan; China; Kashgar; browse; 4550 |
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Islt |
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Seattle |
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Full Text at URLJournal Title: Snowline |
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SLN @ rana @ 443 |
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924 |
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McCarthy, T. |
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Title |
Snow Leopards in Mongolia |
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Miscellaneous |
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2000 |
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Mongolia; distribution; status; irbis; irbis-enterprises; herders; livestock; economy; conservation; gobi; habitat; Disease; depredation; conflict; predator; prey; hunting; poaching; skins; pelts; coats; furs; bones; trade; Macne; habitat-fragmentation; browse; enterprises; fragmentation; habitat fragmentation; 4090 |
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Full Text at URL |
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SLN @ rana @ 383 |
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662 |
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Author |
McCarthy, T. |
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Title |
Snow Leopard Conservation Plan for the Republic of Mongolia |
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Miscellaneous |
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1999 |
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Mongolia; conservation; legal-status; Iunc; Cites; distribution; status; Altay; gobi; parks; preserves; habitat; reserves; refuge; protected-area; poaching; hunting; trade; furs; pelts; skins; coats; bones; trapping; livestock; herders; killing; habitat-fragmentation; threats; Disease; prey; diet; Mne; laws; education; management; Macne; Wwf; Islt; regulations; monitoring; Slims; tourism; conflict; browse; legal status; legal; protected; area; fragmentation; world wildlife fund; international snow leopard trust; 3890 |
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Full Text Available at URL: DRAFT |
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SLN @ rana @ 366 |
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657 |
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Author |
Kreuzberg-Mukhina, E.; Bikova, E.; Esipov, A. |
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Title |
Regional Meeting on the Protection of Snow Leopard |
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Aksu-Jabagly; protected-area; parks; reserves; refuge; Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; workshops; Nabu; Islt; irbis; Uzbekistan; Sacred-Earth-Network; Sen; Russia; conservation; habitat; poaching; bones; hunting; skins; pelts; fur; coats; medicine; trade; prey-species; status; kazakstan; protected; area; sacred; earth; network; prey; species; browse; aksu; jabagly; 3970 |
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Full Text at URL: Uzbekistan Zoological Society (Participants of the workshop) |
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SLN @ rana @ 5 |
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592 |
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Author |
Koshkarev, E. |
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Title |
Poaching in Former USSR |
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Miscellaneous |
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Year |
1994 |
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Snow Line |
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xii |
Issue |
2 |
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6-7 |
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Paoching; hunting; killing; pelts; furs; Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; trade; skins; browse; 4610 |
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International Snow Leopard Trust |
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Seattle |
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SLN @ rana @ 448 |
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562 |
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Author |
Kogan M.I. |
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Title |
The Kazakh SSR. The Kyrgyz SSR. The Uzbek and Tajik SSR. The Turkmen SSR |
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1931 |
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47, 51-52,55-57, 59, 61-62. |
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Central Asia; game species; fur-trade; snow leopard.; 7160; Russian |
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It describes geographical, soil, climatic and hydrological features of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, and Tajikistan. Types of economic activities including fur-trade are described, too. Game preserves are classified, and list of game fauna species inhabiting these republics is given. Snow leopard lives in rocky mountains and is hunted very rarely. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Soviet Asia as a fur-trade region. |
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SLN @ rana @ 694 |
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540 |
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Author |
Jackson, R. |
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Title |
SSC Plan for Snow Leopard |
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Miscellaneous |
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Year |
1992 |
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physiology; status; distribution; description; behavior; reproduction; mating; breeding; vocalization; gestation; biology; habitat; scrapes; sprays; scat; feces; longevity; homerange; home-range; prey; diet; Cites; Iunc; parks; preserves; reserves; refuge; protected-areas; movements; activity; livestock; herders; depredation; conflict; trade; poaching; hunting; research; captivity; management; zoos; Slims; surveys; transects; browse; home range; home; range; protected area; protected areas; protected; area; areas; 3920; plan; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard |
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Full Text at URL
DRAFT – Revised September 22, 1992 by Rodney Jackson |
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SLN @ rana @ 201 |
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450 |
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Author |
Blomqvist, L.; Dexel, B. |
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Title |
In Focus: Declining numbers of wild snow leopards |
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2006 |
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EAZA Zoo News |
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26-27 |
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asia; Cites; conflict; habitat loss; herder; laws; poaching; protection; snow leopard; threat; trade; Uncia uncia |
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International collaboration to ensure the long-term survival of snow leopards (Uncia uncia) in the wild is today more acutely needed than ever! Trade in live snow leopards, their skins and bones, has during the last decade reached such extensiveness that the species is in danger of being wiped out from many of its former habitats. All recent surveys support declining populations throughout most of their range. |
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SLN @ rana @ 887 |
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172 |
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Aizin B.M. |
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Title |
Distribution, number and seasonal behavioral patterns of Panthera uncia Scheber in Kyrgyzstan |
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1974 |
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Vol. 1. |
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19-20 |
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Kyrgyzstan; snow leopard; distribution; number; trade.; 5900; Russian |
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In Kyrgyzstan, snow leopard can be met almost in all mountain ridges (Kok-Kiya, Atbasha, Kyrgyz, Terskey, Kungei, Talas, Chatkal, Alai, Zaalai), where it keeps to alpine meadow, woodless rock and snowfield zones. The number of snow leopard does not exceed 1,500 animals. Seven to 10 animals are annually caught for the needs of zoo-export. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Proceedings of the 1st international congress on mammals. |
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SLN @ rana @ 569 |
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45 |
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Author |
Aizin B.M. |
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Title |
Rare predatory mammal species and their protection in Kyrgyzstan |
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1979 |
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4-5 |
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Kyrgyzstan; snow leopard; distribution; number; trade.; 5910; Russian |
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Snow leopard is met in all mountain ridges in Kyrgyzstan. Every year 7 10 animals are caught for the purpose of zoo export. Total population of snow leopard in the country does not exceed 1,400 animals. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Ecologic fundamentals of predatory mammals' protection and sustainable use. |
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SLN @ rana @ 570 |
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46 |
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Author |
Abdusalyamov I.A. |
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A perspective development of fur-animal farming and fish industry in the Tajik SSR |
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1972 |
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155-160 |
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Tajikistan; fur-trade; snow leopard; conservation measure.; 5830; Russian |
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Given are data concerning fur-trade in Tajikistan in 1962 1966. Snow leopard trade reduced from 54 animals (1962) to 12 (1966). Given are recommendations for the establishment of a highland nature reserve in Pamir and the Sary Khosor nature reserve in the Vakhsh ridge. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Proceedings of the Institute of Zoology and Parasitilogy of the Academy of Science of the Tajik SSR. |
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SLN @ rana @ 562 |
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30 |
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Author |
Ammosov, B. |
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Title |
Central Asia mountains. Snow leopard or irbis |
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1973 |
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92-93 |
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Central Asia; natural zones; snow leopard; distribution; habitats; number; trade.; 6010; Russian |
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All natural zones are represented in the mountains of Central Asia: deserts, semi-deserts, steppes, meadows, forests and shrubs, sub-alpine zones, alpine zones. Irbis (snow leopard) is a typical inhabitant of highlands. In the USSR, snow leopard is distributed in the mountains of Central Asia and southern Siberia. Outside the country this species is met in the Himalayas, Tibet, mountains of Mongolia. It is rare everywhere. The annual world trade is less than 1,000 animals. Being a non-numerous species, it causes negligible damage to farming and hunting industry. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Hunting industry of the USSR. |
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no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 580 |
Serial |
69 |
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