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| Author | Shrestha, R.; Wegge, P.; Koirala, R.A. | ||||
Title  |
Summer diets of wild and domestic ungulates in Nepal Himalaya | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2005 | Publication | Journal of Zoology | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 266 | Issue | Pages | 111-119 | |
| Keywords | argali; blue sheep; Capra hircus; diet; faecal analysis; fecal analysis; mountain ungulates; Ovis ammon hodgsoni; pseudois nayaur | ||||
| Abstract | The selection of summer forage by three sympatric ungulates in the Damodar Kunda region of upper Mustang in north Nepal was studied to assess the extent of food overlap between them. To compare their diets, a microhistological technique of faecal analysis was used, adjusted for inherent biases by comparing it with bite-count data obtained in domestic goats. Tibetan argali Ovis ammon hodgsoni, naur (blue sheep or bharal) Pseudois nayaur and domestic goat Capra hircus consumed mostly forbs, graminoids and browse, respectively. The proportions of food items in their diets were significantly different both at the plant species (P<0.02) and at the forage category level (P<0.001). Except for sharing three common plants (Agrostis sp., Stipa sp. and Potentilla fruticosa), dietary overlap at the species level was quite low. At the forage category level, naur and domestic goat overlapped more than the other ungulate pairs. Although all three species were opportunistic, mixed feeders, argali was a more selective forb specialist grazer than the other two ungulates. Owing to some spatial separation and little dietary overlap, interspecific competition for summer forage was low. If animal densities increase, however, goats are expected to compete more with naur than with argali because of their more similar diets. Owing to differences in forage selection by argali and naur throughout their large geographical ranges, reflecting adaptations to local ecological conditions, inferences regarding forage competition between domestic livestock and these two wild caprins need to be made from local, site-specific studies, rather than from general diet comparisons. |
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| Publisher | The Zoological Society of London | Place of Publication | London | Editor | |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 934 | Serial | 888 | ||
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| Author | Jackson, R. | ||||
| Title |
SSC Plan for Snow Leopard | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year | 1992 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
| Keywords | physiology; status; distribution; description; behavior; reproduction; mating; breeding; vocalization; gestation; biology; habitat; scrapes; sprays; scat; feces; longevity; homerange; home-range; prey; diet; Cites; Iunc; parks; preserves; reserves; refuge; protected-areas; movements; activity; livestock; herders; depredation; conflict; trade; poaching; hunting; research; captivity; management; zoos; Slims; surveys; transects; browse; home range; home; range; protected area; protected areas; protected; area; areas; 3920; plan; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard | ||||
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| Notes | Full Text at URL DRAFT – Revised September 22, 1992 by Rodney Jackson | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 201 | Serial | 450 | ||
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| Author | Oli, M.K. | ||||
| Title |
Snow leopards and local human population in a protected area: a case study from the Nepalese Himalaya | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 1994 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 51-64 | ||
| Keywords | Nepal; Himalaya; herders; herder; livestock; conservation; annapurna; protected-area; park; parks; reserve; refuge; blue-sheep; predator; prey; habitat; radio-tracking; diet; scat; feces; fecal; marmot; Manang; poaching; hunting; pelts; skins; furs; coats; grazing; burning; trekking; tourism; education; religion; blue; sheep; browse; protected; area; protected area; radio tracking; radio; tracking; annapurna conservation area; Annapurna-Conservation-Area; 2110 | ||||
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| Publisher | International Snow Leopard Trust, Seattle, Washington | Place of Publication | Usa | Editor | J.L.Fox; D.Jizeng |
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| Notes | Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Proceedings of the Seventh International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 240 | Serial | 748 | ||
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| Author | Kovshar A.F. | ||||
| Title |
Snow leopard. Uncia uncia | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year | 1985 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 85-86 | ||
| Keywords | Kazakhstan; snow leopard; distribution; diet; wild ibex; argali; number; breeding; poaching; over livestock; nature reserves.; 7400; Russian | ||||
| Abstract | In the Soviet Union snow leopard inhabits highlands of Central Asia, Kazakhstan, Altai and the Sayans. In Kazakhstan, this species can be found in Jungara Alatau, Tien Shan, Tarbagatai, Saura, and Altai; formerly was seen at the Karatau ridge. It mostly preys on ibex and argali. The heat time is February April, cubs are born in May June. Its population has decrease because of the initiation of livestock grazing on mountain pastures, poaching, and wild ungulates population shrinkage. This species is protected in Aksu Jabagly and Almaty nature reserves. More nature reserves need to be established in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. | ||||
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| Notes | Full text available in RussianJournal Title: In the world of rare animals. | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 718 | Serial | 584 | ||
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| Author | Jack; Jill; Jackson, P.; Wharton, D.; Jackson, R. | ||||
| Title |
Snow leopard, Ucia uncia | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | |||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
| Keywords | Slims; status; distribution; habitat; diet; China; Mongolia; Kyrgyzstan; discription; range; conservation; behavior; browse; 4040 | ||||
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| Notes | Full Text at URL | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 4 | Serial | 426 | ||
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| Author | Wegge, P., Shrestha, R., Flagstad, O. | ||||
| Title |
Snow leopard Panthera uncia predation on livestock and wild prey in a mountain valley in northern Nepal: implications for conservation management | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | Wildlife Biology | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 18 | Issue | 10.2981/11-049 | Pages | 131-141 |
| Keywords | bharal, blue sheep, diet, genetic sampling, naur, Panthera uncia, predation, Pseudois nayaur, scat analysis, snow leopard, wildlife conflict | ||||
| Abstract | The globally endangered snow leopard Panthera uncia is sparsely distributed throughout the rugged mountains in Asia. Its habit of preying on livestock poses a main challenge to management. In the remote Phu valley in northern Nepal, we obtained reliable information on livestock losses and estimated predator abundance and diet composition from DNA analysis and prey remains in scats. The annual diet consisted of 42%livestock. Among the wild prey, bharal (blue sheep/ naur) Pseudois nayaur was by far the most common species (92%). Two independent abundance estimates suggested that there were six snow leopards in the valley during the course of our study. On average, each snow leopard killed about one livestock individual and two bharal permonth. Predation loss of livestock estimated fromprey remains in scats was 3.9%, which was in concordance with village records (4.0%). From a total count of bharal, the only large natural prey in the area and occurring at a density of 8.4 animals/km2 or about half the density of livestock, snow leopards were estimated to harvest 15.1% of the population annually. This predation rate approaches the natural, inherent recruitment rate of this species; in Phu the proportion of kids was estimated at 18.4%. High livestock losses have created a hostile attitude against the snow leopard and mitigation measures are needed. Among innovative management schemes now being implemented throughout the species’ range, compensation and insurance programmes coupled with other incentive measures are encouraged, rather than measures to reduce the snow leopard’s access to livestock. In areas like the Phu valley, where the natural prey base consists mainly of one ungulate species that is already heavily preyed upon, the latter approach, if implemented, will lead to increased predation on this prey, which over time may suppress numbers of both prey and predator. |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rakhee @ | Serial | 1386 | ||
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| Author | Bogdanov O.P. | ||||
| Title |
Snow leopard or irbis Uncia Uncia | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year | 1992 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 76-80 | ||
| Keywords | Ussr; Uzbekistan; Pamir; tien shan; Hissar ridge; Turkestan ridge; Chatkal ridge; juniper forest; snow leopard; species range; hunting; behavior; diet; reproductive activity; number; ibex; mountain sheep.; 6380; Russian | ||||
| Abstract | Snow leopard and its habitat within the USSR and Uzbek SSR are described. Its habitat in the Chatkal and Hissar ridges are described too. Given are data concerning alimentary biology, reproduction, and attitude to man. Female snow leopards become mature at the age of two three years, male at the age of four years. Reproduction occurs once every two years. Presumably, there are 10 animals in the country. Snow leopard is protected in four nature reserves in Uzbekistan and a number of nature reserves in neighbour countries. | ||||
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| Notes | Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Rare and endangered animals of Uzbekistan. Encyclopedic reference book. | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 616 | Serial | 185 | ||
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| Author | Allabergenov E. | ||||
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Snow leopard or ilvirs | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year | 1986 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | 1 122 (6. 013) | Issue | Pages | ||
| Keywords | Uzbekistan; distribution; habitats; diet; behavior; snow leopard.; 5940; Russian | ||||
| Abstract | In Uzbekistan, snow leopard can be found in the Turkistan and Gissar ridges, in the mountains of Zaami, and in the Kurama, Chatkal and Ugam ridges. Here it keeps at up to 3,000 4,000 m above sea level. Snow leopard feeds upon wild ungulates ibex and sheep, and sometimes attacks livestock but never man. A brief information concerning peculiarities of snow leopard biology and behavioral patterns is provided. | ||||
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| Publisher | Place of Publication | 1986 | Editor | ||
| Language | Russian | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Notes | Full text available in Russian Journal Title: Vecherniy Tashkent Newspaper. | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 573 | Serial | 61 | ||
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| Author | Koshkarev E.P. | ||||
| Title |
Snow leopard in Kyrgyzstan. The structure of habitat, ecology, protection | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year | 1989 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 100 p. | ||
| Keywords | Kyzgyzstan; snow leopard; life-history; distribution; habitats; number; diet; behavior; conservation measures.; 7240; Russian | ||||
| Abstract | Habitat, status of population, geographical distribution, number, and ecology of snow leopard in Tien Shan are analyzed based on original realistic material collected 1981 through 1988.Information about irbis in the `foreign' part of its habitat is given for comparison. The reasons for snow leopard habitat shrinkage in Central Asia and Kazakhstan for over 100 years are assessed. Status of ungulate populations snow leopard prey on is given. The predator's behavioral pattern and condition in enclosure are given consideration. Protection measures are proposed. | ||||
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| Notes | Full text available in Russian | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 702 | Serial | 558 | ||
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| Author | Sokolov V.E. | ||||
| Title |
Snow leopard genus | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year | 1979 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 238-240 | ||
| Keywords | snow leopard; taxonomy; species range; habitats; reproduction; diet; Pregnancy; birth; cubs; lifetime; endangered species.; 8240; Russian | ||||
| Abstract | Genus Uncia has only one species snow leopard. Described is the length of body, length of tail, body weight, colour, skull, number of teeth, habitat, reproduction, and life expectancy. This species has no essential practical value and is included in the Red Data Book as an endangered species. | ||||
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| Notes | Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Taxonomy of mammals. | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 802 | Serial | 907 | ||
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