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| Author | Jackson, R.; Roe, J. | ||||
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Preliminary Observations On Non-Invasive Techniques for Identifying Individual Snow Leopards and Monitoring Populations | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2002 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
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| Keywords | snow; leopard; monitoring; population; uncia; non; invasive; photo; camera; trap; traps; 4970 | ||||
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| Publisher | Islt | Place of Publication | Islt | Editor | |
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| Notes | Abastract OnlyTitle, Monographic: Proceedings of the Snow Leopard Survival SummitPlace of Meeting: Seattle,WA | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 483 | Serial | 469 | ||
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| Author | Johansson, O., Nyam, E., Lkhagvajav, P., Alexander, J. A., Samelius, G. | ||||
| Title |
Predation Patterns and Hunting Behaviour of Snow Leopards: Insights from an Ibex Hunt | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2023 | Publication | Snow Leopard Reports | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 6-9 | ||
| Keywords | ambush, Capra sibirica, kill site, mountain, Panthera uncia | ||||
| Abstract | The hunting behaviours of the snow leopard (Panthera uncia) are poorly understood. In this note, we describe the successful hunt of an adult male ibex (Capra sibirica) by a known male snow leopard in Tost Mountains, Mongolia. The hunt started in a mountain slope close to three large boulders and progressed downhill for 115 m until it concluded at the bottom of a drainage. By comparing the habitat where the ibex was killed to the kill sites of 158 ibex and 17 argali (Ovis ammon) that were killed by GPS-collared snow leopards, we demonstrate that the majority (62%) of these kills occurred in drainages. We propose that in successful hunts, snow leopards commonly ambush from above, causing prey individuals to typically flee downhill. Thereby the prey maintain their momentum and it is not until they are slowed down upon reaching the bottom of the drainage that the snow leopards are able to subdue them. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rakhee @ | Serial | 1730 | ||
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| Author | Kalashnikova, Y. A., Karnaukhov, A. S., Dubinin, M. Y., Poyarkov, A. D., Rozhnov, V. V. | ||||
| Title |
POTENTIAL HABITAT OF SNOW LEOPARD (PANTHERA UNCIA, FELINAE) IN SOUTH SIBERIA AND ADJACENT TERRITORIES BASED ON THE MAXIMUM ENTROPY DISTRIBUTION MODEL | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2019 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | 98 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 332-342 |
| Keywords | Snow leopard, irbis, Panthera uncia, Maxent, habitat model, potential habitat | ||||
| Abstract | The snow leopard is an endangered large felid inhabiting highlands of 12 Asian countries. It is distributed across vast territories and adequate modern methods are required for mapping its potential habitats. The goal of the present study is to create a model of snow leopard potential habitat within the northern part of its range in Russia (and adjacent territories of Mongolia, China and Kazakhstan). More than 5 years of observations (total number of presence points = 449), environmental variables and the maximum entropy distribution method (Maxent) are used. The resulting map demonstrates that a suitable habitat (probability of the animal�s presence between 0.5 and 1) of the northern population of snow leopard in Russia occupies 16500 km2 with a buffer of transient territories (probability between 0.25 and 0.49) covering 32800 km2. Most of a suitable habitat within the study area is associated with the Altai Mountains, Western Sayan Mountains, Sangilen Plateau, Tsagan-Shibetu and Shapshal. One third of the suitable habitat lies within areas of a varying protection status. The results of modeling are of importance both for scientists and conservation managers, as they allow for leopard occurrence to be predicted, supporting research on and the conservation of the species. |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rakhee @ | Serial | 1480 | ||
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| Author | Janovsky, M.; Grone, A.; Ciardo, D.; Vollm, J.; Burnens, A.; Fatzer, R.; Bacciarini, L.N. | ||||
| Title |
Phaeohyphomycosis in a Snow Leopard (Uncia uncia) due to Cladophialophora bantiana | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year | 2006 | Publication | Journal of Comparative Pathology | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 134 | Issue | Pages | 245-248 | |
| Keywords | Cladophialophora bantiana; fungal infection; phaeohyphomycosis; snow leopard; spinal meningitis; Uncia uncia | ||||
| Abstract | Phaeohyphomycosis caused by Cladophialophora bantiana was diagnosed in a 5-month-old snow leopard with spastic paralysis of the hind legs and inability to defaecate or urinate. At post-mortem examination, a greenish soft mass resembling an abscess was found on one side of the epidural space at the fourth lumbar vertebral body. Histological examination revealed a purulent meningitis with myelomalacia. Dematiaceous fungal hyphae, present within the inflammatory infiltrate, were identified as C. bantiana by culture and sequence analysis of the 18S ribosomal RNA gene. This neurotropic fungus rarely affects organs other than the brain in human beings and cats, and has been reported only occasionally in Europe. The case described suggests that phaeohyphomycosis due to C. bantiana infection may be recognized more frequently in the future and the possible involvement of organs other than the brain should be borne in mind. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 891 | Serial | 489 | ||
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| Author | Suryawanshi, K.R., Bhatnagar, Y. V. B., Redpath, S., Mishra, C. | ||||
| Title |
People, predators and perceptions: patterns of livestock depredation by snow leopards and wolves | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2013 | Publication | Journal of Applied Ecology | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 50 | Issue | Pages | 550-560 | |
| Keywords | Canis lupus, Capra ibex, human–wildlife conflict, large carnivores, Panthera uncia, Pseudois nayaur, trans-Himalaya | ||||
| Abstract | 1. Livestock depredation by large carnivores is an important conservation and economic concern and conservation management would benefit from a better understanding of spatial variation and underlying causes of depredation events. Focusing on the endangered snow leopard Panthera uncia and the wolf Canis lupus, we identify the ecological factors that predispose areas within a landscape to livestock depredation. We also examine the potential mismatch between reality and human perceptions of livestock depredation by these carnivores whose survival is threatened due to persecution by pastoralists. 2. We assessed the distribution of the snow leopard, wolf and wild ungulate prey through field surveys in the 4000 km2 Upper Spiti Landscape of trans-Himalayan India. We interviewed local people in all 25 villages to assess the distribution of livestock and peoples’ perceptions of the risk to livestock from these carnivores. We monitored village-level livestock mortality over a 2-year period to assess the actual level of livestock depredation. We quantified several possibly influential independent variables that together captured variation in topography, carnivore abundance and abundance and other attributes of livestock. We identified the key variables influencing livestock depredation using multiple logistic regressions and hierarchical partitioning. 3. Our results revealed notable differences in livestock selectivity and ecological correlates of livestock depredation – both perceived and actual – by snow leopards and wolves. Stocking density of large-bodied free-ranging livestock (yaks and horses) best explained people’s threat perception of livestock depredation by snow leopards, while actual livestock depredation was explained by the relative abundance of snow leopards and wild prey. In the case of wolves, peoples’ perception was best explained by abundance of wolves, while actual depredation by wolves was explained by habitat structure. 4. Synthesis and applications. Our results show that (i) human perceptions can be at odds with actual patterns of livestock depredation, (ii) increases in wild prey populations will intensify livestock depredation by snow leopards, and prey recovery programmes must be accompanied by measures to protect livestock, (iii) compensation or insurance programmes should target large-bodied livestock in snow leopard habitats and (iv) sustained awareness programmes are much needed, especially for the wolf. |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rakhee @ | Serial | 1396 | ||
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| Author | Filla, M., Lama, R. P., Filla, T., Heurich, M., Balkenhol, N., Waltert, M., Khorozyan, I. | ||||
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Patterns of livestock depredation by snow leopards and effects of intervention strategies: lessons from the Nepalese Himalaya | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2022 | Publication | Wildlife Research | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
| Keywords | Annapurna, co-existence, conservation biology, highland communities, human–wildlife conflict, large carnivore, livestock depredation, Panthera uncia, prey selection, snow leopard. | ||||
| Abstract | Context: Large carnivores are increasingly threatened by anthropogenic activities, and their protection is among the main goals of biodiversity conservation. The snow leopard (Panthera uncia) inhabits high-mountain landscapes where livestock depredation drives it into conflicts with local people and poses an obstacle for its conservation. Aims: The aim of this study was to identify the livestock groups most vulnerable to depredation, target them in implementation of practical interventions, and assess the effectiveness of intervention strategies for conflict mitigation. We present a novel attempt to evaluate intervention strategies for particularly vulnerable species, age groups, time, and seasons. Methods: In 2020, we conducted questionnaire surveys in two regions of the Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal (Manang, n = 146 respondents and Upper Mustang, n = 183). We applied sample comparison testing, Jacobs’ selectivity index, and generalised linear models (GLMs) to assess rates and spatio-temporal heterogeneity of depredation, reveal vulnerable livestock groups, analyse potential effects of applied intervention strategies, and identify husbandry factors relevant to depredation. Key results: Snow leopard predation was a major cause of livestock mortality in both regions (25.4–39.8%), resulting in an estimated annual loss of 3.2–3.6% of all livestock. The main intervention strategies (e.g. corrals during night-time and herding during daytime) were applied inconsistently and not associated with decreases in reported livestock losses. In contrast, we found some evidence that dogs, deterrents (light, music playing, flapping tape, and dung burning), and the use of multiple interventions were associated with a reduction in reported night-time depredation of yaks. Conclusions and implications: We suggest conducting controlled randomised experiments for quantitative assessment of the effectiveness of dogs, deterrents, and the use of multiple interventions, and widely applying the most effective ones in local communities. This would benefit the long-term co-existence of snow leopards and humans in the Annapurna region and beyond. |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rakhee @ | Serial | 1684 | ||
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| Author | Chadwick, D.H. | ||||
| Title |
Out of the Shadows: The elusive Central Asian snow leopard steps into a | Type | Magazine Article | ||
| Year | 2008 | Publication | National geographic | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 213 | Issue | 6 | Pages | 106-129 |
| Keywords | conservation, research, snow leopard, Uncia uncia | ||||
| Abstract | The elusive Central Asian snow leopard steps into a risk-filled future. | ||||
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| Corporate Author | National Geographic Society | Thesis | |||
| Publisher | National Geographic Society | Place of Publication | Washington, D.C. | Editor | |
| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ | Serial | 1113 | ||
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| Author | Wahlberg, C.; Tarkkanen, A. | ||||
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On the multiple ocular coloboma with retinal dysplasia (MOC) in snow leopards, Pantera uncia | Type | Book Chapter | ||
| Year | 1980 | Publication | International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 2 | Issue | Pages | 183-194 | |
| Keywords | multiple; Coloboma; retinal; Retinal-Dysplasia; dysplasia; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; uncia; International; pedigree | ||||
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| Publisher | Helsinki Zoo | Place of Publication | Helsinki | Editor | Blomqvist, L. |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 1096 | Serial | 999 | ||
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| Author | Alexander, J. S., Shi, K., Tallents, L. A., Riordan, P. | ||||
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On the high trail: examining determinants of site use by the Endangered snow leopard Panthera uncia in Qilianshan, China | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2015 | Publication | Oryx | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Fauna & Flora International | Pages | 1-8 | |
| Keywords | Camera Trap, China, Detection Probability, Occupancy Modelling, Panthera Uncia, Site use, Snow Leopard | ||||
| Abstract | Abstract There is a need for simple and robust techniques for assessment and monitoring of populations of the Endangered snow leopard Panthera uncia to inform the de- velopment of action plans for snow leopard conservation. We explored the use of occupancy modelling to evaluate the influence of environmental and anthropogenic features on snow leopard site-use patterns. We conducted a camera trap survey across  km in Gansu Province, China, and used data from  camera traps to estimate probabilities of site use and detection using the single season occupancy model. We assessed the influence of three covariates on site use by snow leopards: elevation, the presence of blue sheep Pseudois nayaur and the presence of human disturb- ance (distance to roads). We recorded  captures of snow leopards over , trap-days, representing a mean capture success of . captures per  trap-days. Elevation had the strongest influence on site use, with the probability of site use increasing with altitude, whereas the influence of presence of prey and distance to roads was relatively weak. Our findings indicate the need for practical and robust tech- niques to appraise determinants of site use by snow leo- pards, especially in the context of the limited resources available for such work. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rakhee @ | Serial | 1433 | ||
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| Author | Koshkarev, E.P. | ||||
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On the environment-related stability of snow leopard (Uncia uncia) populations in connection with their distribution in the natural habitats and changes for spread within the USSR | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1990 | Publication | Int.Ped.Book of Snow Leopards | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 6 | Issue | Pages | 37-50 | |
| Keywords | Tein-Shan; distribution; population; Ussr; former-soviet-republic; Russia; snow-leopard; Uncia-uncia; browse; former soviet republic; former; soviet; republic; uncia; 900 | ||||
| Abstract | The stability of animal populations in respect of the influence of the environment is well known to be conditioned by their location in the natural habitat and their ability to establish new territories. In the peripheral regions of natural habitat, however-in the zone that is ecologically least favourable-the situation of the animal is most unstable. This is due to increased pressure of environmental factors which favour neither a high frequency of contacts between individuals belonging to sperate populations nor an increase in the number of such contatcs and their stabilization. In our opinion, this describes the situation that has come about in certain regions inhabited by the snow leopard in the Soviet Union. | ||||
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| Notes | Tien Shan High Mountain Physical and Geographical Station, Academy of Science of the Kirghisian Societ Socialist Republic, Village of Pokrovka, Kirghisian SSR, USSR (full text at URL)Document Type: English | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 158 | Serial | 574 | ||
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