| Records |
| Author |
Ranjitsinh, M.K. |
Title  |
Parks, people and the snow leopard: the Indian Endeavor |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
1994 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
289-296 |
| Keywords |
India; protected-areas; parks; reserves; refuge; people; livestock; herders; economics; conservation; Wwf; Jammu; Kashmir; browse; protected; areas; 3800 |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
Islt |
Place of Publication |
Usa |
Editor |
J.L.Fox; D.Jizeng |
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| Notes |
Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Seventh International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 248 |
Serial |
805 |
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| Author |
Rasool, G. |
| Title |
Population status of Wildlife in Khunjerab National Park |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1990 |
Publication |
Tigerpaper |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
Xvii |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
25-28 |
| Keywords |
status; Khunjerab; National-park; park; parks; refuge; reserves; reserve; Pakistan; protected-area; browse; national park; national; 2190 |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 161 |
Serial |
807 |
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| Author |
McCarthy, T.; Munkhtsog, B. |
| Title |
Preliminary Assessment of Snow Leopard Sign Surveys in Mongolia |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
1997 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
57-65 |
| Keywords |
Mongolia; Slims; field-survey; scrapes; scrape; spray; marking; habitat; gobi; status; distribution; parks; park; reserves; reserve; refuge; sighn; surveys; survey; Gis; behavior; herder; herders; protected-area; browse; field survey; field; protected; area; 2670 |
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| Publisher |
Islt |
Place of Publication |
Lahore, Pakistan |
Editor |
R.Jackson; A.Ahmad |
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Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Eighth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Islamabad, PakistanDate of Copyright: 1997 |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 320 |
Serial |
656 |
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| Author |
Shrestha, B. |
| Title |
Prey Abundance and Prey Selection by Snow Leopard (uncia uncia) in the Sagarmatha (Mt. Everest) National Park, Nepal |
Type |
Report |
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
1-35 |
| Keywords |
project; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; network; conservation; program; prey; abundance; selection; uncia; Uncia uncia; Uncia-uncia; Sagarmatha; national; national park; National-park; park; Nepal; resource; predators; predator; ecological; impact; region; community; structure; number; research; population; status; density; densities; wild; prey species; prey-species; species; Himalayan; tahr; musk; musk-deer; deer; game; birds; diet; livestock; livestock depredation; livestock-depredation; depredation; awareness; co-existence; ungulates; ungulate; Human; using; areas; area; monitoring; transect; Hair; identification; scat; attack; patterns; sighting; 1760; populations; birth; Male; Female; young; domestic; domestic livestock; 120; scats; yak; Dog; pika; wildlife; Seasons; winter; horse; study; cover; land; predation; Pressure; development; strategy; threatened; threatened species; threatened-species; conflicts; conflict; people; control; husbandry; compensation; reintroduction; blue; blue sheep; blue-sheep; sheep; free ranging |
| Abstract |
Predators have significant ecological impacts on the region's prey-predator dynamic and community structure through their numbers and prey selection. During April-December 2007, I conducted a research in Sagarmatha (Mt. Everest) National Park (SNP) to: i) explore population status and density of wild prey species; Himalayan tahr, musk deer and game birds, ii) investigate diet of the snow leopard and to estimate prey selection by snow leopard, iii) identify the pattern of livestock depredation by snow leopard, its mitigation, and raise awareness through outreach program, and identify the challenge and opportunities on conservation snow leopard and its co-existence with wild ungulates and the human using the areas of the SNP. Methodology of my research included vantage points and regular monitoring from trails for Himalayan tahr, fixed line transect with belt drive method for musk deer and game birds, and microscopic hair identification in snow leopard's scat to investigate diet of snow leopard and to estimate prey selection. Based on available evidence and witness accounts of snow leopard attack on livestock, the patterns of livestock depredation were assessed. I obtained 201 sighting of Himalayan tahr (1760 individuals) and estimated 293 populations in post-parturient period (April-June), 394 in birth period (July -October) and 195 November- December) in rutting period. In average, ratio of male to females was ranged from 0.34 to 0.79 and ratio of kid to female was 0.21-0.35, and yearling to kid was 0.21- 0.47. The encounter rate for musk deer was 1.06 and density was 17.28/km2. For Himalayan monal, the encounter rate was 2.14 and density was 35.66/km2. I obtained 12 sighting of snow cock comprising 69 individual in Gokyo. The ratio of male to female was 1.18 and young to female was 2.18. Twelve species (8 species of wild and 4 species of domestic livestock) were identified in the 120 snow leopard scats examined. In average, snow leopard predated most frequently on Himalayan tahr and it was detected in 26.5% relative frequency of occurrence while occurred in 36.66% of all scats, then it was followed by musk deer (19.87%), yak (12.65%), cow (12.04%), dog (10.24%), unidentified mammal (3.61%), woolly hare (3.01%), rat sp. (2.4%), unidentified bird sp. (1.8%), pika (1.2%), and shrew (0.6%) (Table 5.8 ). Wild species were present in 58.99% of scats whereas domestic livestock with dog were present in 40.95% of scats. Snow leopard predated most frequently on wildlife species in three seasons; spring (61.62%), autumn (61.11%) and winter (65.51%), and most frequently on domestic species including dog in summer season (54.54%). In term of relative biomass consumed, in average, Himalayan tahr was the most important prey species contributed 26.27% of the biomass consumed. This was followed by yak (22.13%), cow (21.06%), musk deer (11.32%), horse (10.53%), wooly hare (1.09%), rat (0.29%), pika (0.14%) and shrew (0.07%). In average, domestic livestock including dog were contributed more biomass in the diet of snow leopard comprising 60.8% of the biomass consumed whilst the wild life species comprising 39.19%. The annual prey consumption by a snow leopard (based on 2 kg/day) was estimated to be three Himalayan tahr, seven musk deer, five wooly hare, four rat sp., two pika, one shrew and four livestock. In the present study, the highest frequency of attack was found during April to June and lowest to July to November. The day of rainy and cloudy was the more vulnerable to livestock depredation. Snow leopard attacks occurred were the highest at near escape cover such as shrub land and cliff. Both predation pressure on tahr and that on livestock suggest that the development of effective conservation strategies for two threatened species (predator and prey) depends on resolving conflicts between people and predators. Recently, direct control of free – ranging livestock, good husbandry and compensation to shepherds may reduce snow leopard – human conflict. In long term solution, the reintroduction of blue sheep at the higher altitudes could also “buffer” predation on livestock. |
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| Notes |
Project funded by Snow Leopard Network's Snow Leopard Conservation Grant Program. Forum of Natural Resource Managers, Nepal. |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1076 |
Serial |
887 |
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| Author |
Abzalov A.A. |
| Title |
Principles of the nature reserve establishment in Uzbekistan |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1976 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
20-22 |
| Keywords |
Uzbekistan; nature protected areas network; nature conservation; flora; fauna; deserts; mountain; river forest; snow leopard.; 5870; Russian |
| Abstract |
It provides a brief description of nature reserves network in Uzbekistan: Karakul and Vardanza (in desert); Chatkal, Zaamin, Nurata, and Kyzylsu (in mountains); Aralpaigambar, Kyzylkum, Badaitugai, Zeravshan (riverine forests). Snow leopard is protected in the Chatkal, Zaamin, and Kizilsu nature reserves. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Regional problems of sustainable use and protection of biosphere. Proceedings of first session of the scientific council of the Academy of Science of the Uzbek SSR. |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 566 |
Serial |
33 |
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| Author |
Hunter, D.O.; Jackson, R.; Freeman, H.; Hillard, D. |
| Title |
Project snow leopard: a model for conserving central Asia biodiversity |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
1994 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
247-252 |
| Keywords |
conservation; habitat; Himalaya; parks; reserves; park; reserve; refuge; survey; methods; Slims; education; protected-area; anthropogenic-degradation; asia; China; Bhutan; India; Pakistan; Nepal; Afghanistan; Mongolia; Russia; Ussr; Soviet-Union; Kazakhstan; Kirghizstan; Tajikistan; Uzbekistan; Project-snow-leopard; network; preybase; Islt; Usfws; Ners; Information-Network; kazakstan; browse; protected; area; anthropogenic; degradation; soviet; union; project; snow; leopard; international snow leopard trust; information; 2660 |
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| Publisher |
International Snow Leopard Trust |
Place of Publication |
Usa |
Editor |
J.Fox; D.Jizeng |
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Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Seventh International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994. |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 220 |
Serial |
395 |
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| Author |
Freeman, H.; Jackson, R.; Hillard, R.; Hunter, D.O. |
| Title |
Project Snow Leopard: a multinational program spearheaded by the International Snow Leopard Trust |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
1994 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
241-245 |
| Keywords |
Project-snow-leopard; biodiversity; conservation; protected-areas; parks; park; refuge; reserve; habitat; status; predator; prey; livestock; herders; poaching; hunting; skins; pelts; coats; fur; bones; medicine; management; livestock-depredation; trade; corridors; trans-boundry; project; protected-area; protected; area; areas; livestock depredation; depredation; browse; 2780 |
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Islt |
Place of Publication |
Usa |
Editor |
J.L.Fox; Jizeng, D. |
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| Notes |
Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Seventh International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 221 |
Serial |
324 |
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| Author |
Mongar, T.B. |
| Title |
Protected Area System Network: A Strategy for Managing Biodiversity in Bhutan |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
1992 |
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Bhutan; parks; reserves; park; reserve; refuge; protected-area; browse; protected; area; 2430 |
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Title, Monographic: Fourth World Parks Congress
Place of Meeting: Caracas, Venezuela.
Date of Copyright: 1992 |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 194 |
Serial |
704 |
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| Author |
Green, M.J.B. |
| Title |
Protected areas and snow leopards: their distribution and status |
Type |
Journal Article |
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1987 |
Publication |
Tiger Paper |
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14 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
1-10 |
| Keywords |
Central Asia; conserve; conserving; distribution; endangered species; network; Panthera-uncia; panthera uncia; protected; protected-area; protected areas; snow leopard; status; protected area; protected-areas; areas; area; snow; snow leopards; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; International; symposium; India |
| Abstract |
Considerable efforts have been devoted to conserving the snow leopard Panthera uncia in recent years, but progress has inevitably been slow due to the difficulties of studying a sparsely distributed, secretive and endangered species in often isolated mountainous terrain. Although knowledge about the species overall distribution in the highlands of Central Asia still remains fragmenatry, it is important to briefly examine all the available information in order to review measures taken to date to conserve the species through the protected areas network. The purpose of this paper is to examine the distribution and status of protected areas inhabited or visited by snow leopard in relation to the species' distribution and highlight deficiences in the present network. |
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| Notes |
Presented at 5th International Snow Leopard Symposium held in Srinagar, India, from 13-15 October 1986. Also published in conference proceedings. |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 965 |
Serial |
347 |
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| Author |
Green, M.J.B. |
| Title |
Protected Areas and Snow Leopards: Their Distribution and Status |
Type |
Conference Article |
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1988 |
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Issue |
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3-19 |
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Central Asia; asia; status; distribution; protected-areas; parks; refuge; reserves; browse; 1620 |
| Abstract |
Considerable efforts have been devoted to conserving the snow leopard Panthera uncia in recent years, but progress has inevitably been slow due to the difficulties of studying a sparsely distributed, secretive and endangered species in often isolated mountainous terrain. Although knowledge about the species overall distribution in the highlands of Central Asia still remains fragmenatry, it is important to briefly examine all the available information in order to review measures taken to date to conserve the species through the protected areas network. The purpose of this paper is to examine the distribution and status of protected areas inhabited or visited by snow leopard in relation to the species' distribution and highlight deficiences in the present network. |
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International Snow Leopard Trust and Wildlife Institute of India |
Place of Publication |
India |
Editor |
H.Freeman |
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Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Fifth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Srinagar, India |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 116 |
Serial |
348 |
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