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Author | Oli, M. | ||||
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Snow leopards and blue sheep in Nepal: Densities and predator: Prey ratio | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 1994 | Publication | Journal of Mammalogy | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 75 | Issue | Pages | 998-1004 | |
Keywords | snow leopard,Panthera uncia,blue sheep,Pseudois nayaur,density,predator:prey ratio,harvest rate,livestock predation,Nepal | ||||
Abstract | I studied snow leopards (Panthera uncia) and blue sheep (Pseudois nayaur) in Manang District, Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal, to estimate numbers and analyze predatorprey interactions. Five to seven adult leopards used the 105-km2 study area, a density of 4.8 to 6.7 leopards/100 km2. Density of blue sheep was 6.6-10.2 sheep/km2, and biomass density was 304 kg/km2. Estimated relative biomass consumed by snow leopards suggested that blue sheep were the most important prey; marmots (Marmota himalayana) also contributed significantly to the diet of snow leopards. Snow leopards in Manang were estimated to harvest 9-20% of total biomass and 11-24% of total number of blue sheep annually. Snow leopard :blue sheep ratio was 1 :1 14-1 :159 on a weight basis, which was considered sustainable given the importance of small mammals in the leopard's diet and the absence of other competing predators. | ||||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 894 | Serial | 741 | ||
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Author | Oli, M.K. | ||||
Title ![]() |
Snow leopards and blue sheep in Nepal: Densities and predator: prey ratio | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1994 | Publication | Journal of Mammalogy | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 75 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 998-1004 |
Keywords | Nepal; blue-sheep; prey; livestock; predation; blue; sheep; browse; 740; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; blue sheep; densities; density; predator | ||||
Abstract | I studied snow leopards (Panthera uncia) and blue sheep (Pseudois nayaur) in Manang District, Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal, to estimate numbers and analyze predator-prey interactions. Five to seven adult leopards used the 10-5-km-2 study area, a density of 4.8 to 6.7 leopards/100 km-2. Density of blue sheep was 6.6 10.2 sheep/km-2, and biomass density was 304 kg/km-2. Estimated relative biomass consumed by snow leopards suggested that blue sheep were the most important prey; marmots (Marmota himalayana) also contributed significantly to the diel of snow leopards Snow leopards in Manang were estimated to harvest 9-20% of total biomass and 11-24% of total number of blue sheep annually. Snow leopard: blue sheep ratio was 1:114-1:159 on a weight basis, which was considered sustainable given the importance of small mammals in the leopard's diet and the absence of other competing predators. | ||||
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Notes | Document Type: English Call Number: 599.05 JO | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 236 | Serial | 746 | ||
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Author | O'Gara, B.W. | ||||
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Snow leopards and sport hunting in the Mongolian People's Republic | Type | Conference Article | ||
Year | 1988 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 215-225 | ||
Keywords | hunting; Mongolia; snow leopard | ||||
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Publisher | International Snow Leopard Trust and The Wildlife Institute of India | Place of Publication | India | Editor | |
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Notes | Monographic: Fifth International Snow Leopard Symposium Place of Meeting: Srinagar, India Date of Copyright: 1988 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 931 | Serial | 734 | ||
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Author | Sharma, Koustubh. McCarthy, Thomas. Johannson, Orjan. Ud Din, Jaffar. Bayarjargal, A. | ||||
Title ![]() |
Snow Leopards and Telemetry: Experiences and Challenges | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2010 | Publication | Telemetry in Wildlife Science | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 13 | Issue | No. 1 | Pages | 1 -5 |
Keywords | Snow Leopards, telemetry | ||||
Abstract | The snow leopard Panthera uncia is one of the least studied felids in the world. Little is know about various aspects of the ecology of the snow leopard, which is cryptic in nature and found across 12 countries in Central Asia. Most research on snow leopards has been based on non-invasive methods such as sign surveys for presence (e.g. Jackson and Hunter 1996), scat analyses for diet (e.g. Chundawat and Rawat 1992; Oli et al., 2008, 2010) for population estimation, and studies based on human interviews (Mehta and Heinen 2001; Mishra and Bagchi 2006). Despite this plethora of studies employing non-invasive techniques, several crucial questions about snow leopard ecology remain unanswered. Information about the animal’s home range, dispersal, corridors, pattern of habitat use, movement patterns, hunting frequency, behavior and intra – specific interactions is not available yet. In order to design population monitoring studies using camera traps or DNA analyses, one needs a good understanding of snow leopard ecology, including the home range and movement patterns (Williams et al., 2002). Telemetry is still the best available method and perhaps much less invasive than direct observations for studying the biology and ecology of cryptic animals. |
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | SLN @ rakhee @ | Serial | 1380 | ||
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Author | Velte, F. | ||||
Title ![]() |
Snow leopards at the Seneca Zoological Park, Rochester | Type | Book Chapter | ||
Year | 1982 | Publication | International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards, Vol. 3 | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 3 | Issue | Pages | 55-58 | |
Keywords | captive; International; park; pedigree; snow-leopard; snow-leopards; snow leopard; snow leopards; zoo; zoological | ||||
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Publisher | Helsinki Zoo | Place of Publication | Helsinki | Editor | Blomqvist, L. |
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 1040 | Serial | 984 | ||
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Author | Clevenger, S.A. | ||||
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Snow leopards born... and born... and born at OKC Zoo | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 1980 | Publication | Oklahoma City Zoo | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
Keywords | snow leopard, captive, Oklahoma City Zoo, breeding, birth | ||||
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Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ | Serial | 1192 | ||
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Author | Rishi, V. | ||||
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Snow leopards breed at Darjeeling Zoo | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1989 | Publication | Zoo's Print | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | Issue | Pages | 1-4 | ||
Keywords | India; snow leopard; zoo | ||||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 988 | Serial | 824 | ||
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Author | Myroniuk, P. | ||||
Title ![]() |
Snow leopards down under | Type | Book Chapter | ||
Year | 1998 | Publication | International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 7 | Issue | Pages | 25-25 | |
Keywords | snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; International; pedigree | ||||
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Publisher | Helsinki Zoo | Place of Publication | Helsinki | Editor | Blomqvist, L. |
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 1088 | Serial | 709 | ||
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Author | Gajurel, D. | ||||
Title ![]() |
Snow Leopards Found in Nepal's Langtang National Park | Type | Unsupported: Electronic Citation | ||
Year | 2006 | Publication | Environment News Service | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
Keywords | Langtang; leopard; leopards; national; National-park; national park; Nepal; park; snow; snow-leopard; snow-leopards; snow leopard; snow leopards; International | ||||
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Publisher | Environment News Service | Place of Publication | Editor | Editor-in-Chief Sunny Lewis and Managing Editor Jim Crabtree | |
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Notes | http://www.ens-newswire.com/ens/mar2006/2006-03-24-04.asp International daily newswire | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 1059 | Serial | 329 | ||
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Author | Jiang, Z. | ||||
Title ![]() |
Snow leopards in the Dulan International Hunting Ground, Qinghai, China | Type | Report | ||
Year | 2005 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 1-8 | ||
Keywords | snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; International; hunting; Qinghai; China; project; international snow leopard trust; International-Snow-Leopard-Trust; trust; program; surveys; survey; mountains; mountain; province; transect; study; area; transects; pug; pug marks; pug-marks; marks; scrapes; scrape; density; densities; wild; ungulates; ungulate; region; camera; environment; photo; capture; population; population size; population-size; Animals; Animal; 20; livestock; Human; attitudes; attitude; tibetan; 30; nature; reserve; uncia; Uncia uncia; Uncia-uncia; species; snow line; snow-line; endemic; alpine; central; Central Asia; asia; countries; country; fox; range; areas; Xinjiang; inner; Inner-Mongolia; Mongolia; Tibet; gansu; Sichuan; habitat; protection; nature reserves; reserves; cat; populations; domestic; laws; law; field; field surveys; field survey; field-surveys; field-survey; Kunlun; distribution; survival; status; Data; conservation | ||||
Abstract | From March to May, 2006œªwe conducted extensive snow leopard surveys in the Burhanbuda Mountain Kunlun Mountains, Qinghai Province, China. 32 linear transect of 5~15 km each, which running through each vegetation type, were surveyed within the study area. A total of 72 traces of snow leopard were found along 4 transects (12.5% of total transects). The traces included pug marks or footprints, scrapes and urine marks. We estimated the average density of wild ungulates in the region was 2.88ñ0.35 individuals km-2(n=29). We emplaced 16 auto2 trigger cameras in different environments and eight photos of snow leopard were shot by four cameras and the capture rate of snow leopard was 71.4%. The minimum snow leopard population size in the Burhanbuda Mountain was two, because two snow leopards were phototrapped by different cameras at almost same time. Simultaneously, the cameras also shot 63 photos of other wild animals, including five photos are unidentified wild animals, and 20 photos of livestock. We evaluated the human attitudes towards snow leopard by interviewing with 27 Tibetan householders of 30 householders live in the study area. We propose to establish a nature reserve for protecting and managing snow leopards in the region. Snow leopard (Uncia uncia) is considered as a unique species because it lives above the snow line, it is endemic to alpines in Central Asia, inhabiting in 12 countries across Central Asia (Fox, 1992). Snow leopard ranges in alpine areas in Qinghai, Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, Tibet, Gansu and Sichuan in western China (Liao, 1985, 1986; Zhou, 1987; Ma et al., 2002; Jiang & Xu, 2006). The total population and habitat of snow leopards in China are estimated to be 2,000~2,500 individuals and 1,824,316 km2, only 5% of which is under the protection of nature reserves. The cat's current range is fragmented (Zou & Zheng, 2003). Due to strong human persecutions, populations of snow leopards decreased significantly since the end of the 20th century. Thus, the snow leopards are under the protection of international and domestic laws. From March to May, 2006, we conducted two field surveys in Zhiyu Village, Dulan County in Burhanbuda Mountain, Kunlun Mountains, China to determine the population, distribution and survival status of snow leopards in the area. The aim of the study was to provide ecologic data for snow leopard conservation. |
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Notes | Project funded by International Snow Leopard Trust Small Grants Program. | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 1068 | Serial | 493 | ||
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