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Author Lama, R. P., Ghale, T. R., Suwal, M. K., Ranabhat, R., Regmi, G. R. url 
  Title (up) First photographic evidence of Snow Leopard Panthera uncia (Mammalia: Carnivora: Felidae) outside current protected areas network in Nepal Himalaya Type Journal Article
  Year 2018 Publication Journal of Threatened Taxa Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 12086-12090  
  Keywords Camera-trapping, conservation, Humla, livestock depredation, monasteries, non-timber forest products, retaliatory killing, Tibetan Buddhism.  
  Abstract The Snow Leopard Panthera uncia is a rare top predator of high-altitude ecosystems and insufficiently surveyed outside of protected areas in Nepal. We conducted a rapid camera-trapping survey to assess the presence of Snow Leopard in the Limi valley of Humla District. Three individuals were recorded in two camera locations offering the first photographic evidence of this elusive cat outside the protected area network of Nepal. In addition to Snow Leopard, the Blue Sheep Pseudois nayaur, Beech Marten Martes foina, Pika Ochotona spp. and different species of birds were also detected by camera-traps. More extensive surveys and monitoring are needed for reliably estimating the population size of Snow Leopard in the area. The most urgent needs are community-based conservation activities aimed at mitigating immediate threats of poaching, retaliatory killing, and rapid prey depletion to ensure the survival of this top predator in the Himalaya.  
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  Call Number SLN @ rakhee @ Serial 1470  
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Author Anwar, M., Jackson, R., Nadeem, M., Janecka, J., Hussain, S., Beg, M., Muhammad, G., and Qayyum, M. url 
  Title (up) Food habits of the snow leopard Panthera uncia (Schreber, 1775) in Baltistan, Northern Pakistan Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication European Journal of Wildlife Research Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue 3 March Pages 1-7  
  Keywords Himalayas, Karakoram, Scat, Diet, Hair, Livestock, Biomass  
  Abstract The snow leopard (Panthera uncia) inhabits the high, remote mountains of Pakistan from where very little information is available on prey use of this species. Our study describes the food habits of the snow leopard in the Himalayas and Karakoram mountain ranges in Baltistan, Pakistan. Ninety-five putrid snow leopard scats were collected from four sites in Baltistan. Of these, 49 scats were genetically confirmed to have originated from snow leopards. The consumed prey was identified on the basis of morphological characteristics of hairs recovered from the scats. It was found that most of the biomass consumed (70%) was due to domestic livestock viz. sheep (23%), goat (16%), cattle (10%), yak (7%), and cattle–yak hybrids (14%). Only 30% of the biomass was due to wild species, namely Siberian ibex (21%), markhor (7%), and birds (2%). Heavy predation on domestic livestock appeared to be the likely cause of conflict with the local inhabitants. Conservation initiatives should focus on mitigating this conflict by minimizing livestock losses.  
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  Publisher Springer Berlin / Heidelberg Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1612-4642 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ Serial 1304  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Lovari, S., Ventimiglia, M., Minder, I. url 
  Title (up) Food habits of two leopard species, competition, climate change and upper treeline: a way to the decrease of an endangered species? Type Journal Article
  Year 2013 Publication Ethology Ecology & Evolution Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 305-318  
  Keywords carnivore evolution, coexistence, sympatric species, diet, Panthera uncia, Panthera pardus.  
  Abstract For carnivore species, spatial avoidance is one of the evolutionary solutions to

coexist in an area, especially if food habits overlap and body sizes tend to coincide.

We reviewed the diets of two large cats of similar sizes, the endangered snow leopard

(Panthera uncia, 16 studies) and the near-threatened common leopard (Panthera par-

dus, 11 studies), in Asia. These cats share ca 10,000 km2 of their mountainous range,

although snow leopards tend to occur at a significantly higher altitude than common

leopards, the former being a cold-adapted species of open habitats, whereas the latter

is an ecologically flexible one, with a preference for woodland. The spectrum of prey

of common leopards was 2.5 times greater than that of snow leopards, with wild prey

being the staple for both species. Livestock rarely contributed much to the diet. When

the breadth of trophic niches was compared, overlap ranged from 0.83 (weight categories)

to one (main food categories). As these leopard species have approximately

the same size and comparable food habits, one can predict that competition will arise

when they live in sympatry. On mountains, climate change has been elevating the

upper forest limit, where both leopard species occur. This means a habitat increase

for common leopards and a substantial habitat reduction for snow leopards, whose

range is going to be squeezed between the forest and the barren rocky altitudes, with

medium- to long-term undesirable effects on the conservation of this endangered cat
 
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rakhee @ Serial 1403  
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Author Jackson. R url 
  Title (up) Fostering Community-Based Stewardship of Wildlife in Central Asia: Transforming Snow Leopards from Pests into Valued Assets Type Book Chapter
  Year 2012 Publication Springer Science and Business Media Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 357-380  
  Keywords Gurvan Saikhan National Park,Annapurna National Park,Nepal,Pakistan,India,Mongolia,China,Tibet,Mining,Poaching,PRA,Holistic,Community engagement,Fuel,Habitat fragmentation  
  Abstract Book Title: Rangeland Stewardship in Central Asia: Balancing Improved Livelihoods, Biodiversity Conservation and Land Protection, 2012. Edited by Victor Squires. Published Springer Science+Business Media. 458 p. 91 illus., 61 in color.

Addressing human–wildlife conflict is an important requisite to managing

rangelands for livestock and wildlife. Despite high altitudes, aridity, and relatively

low primary productivity, the rangelands of Central Asia support a rich and diverse

biodiversity—including the endangered snow leopard that many herders perceive

as a predator to be eliminated. Conserving this and other wildlife species requires

carefully crafted interventions aimed at curbing depredation losses and/or reducing

competition for forage, along with offering locally sustainable, environmentally

friendly income-generating activities for supplementing pastoral household livelihoods.

This is best achieved through a combination of incentives designed to foster

sound rangeland and wildlife stewardship, along penalties or disincentives targeting

herders who violate mutually agreed rules and regulations (including grazing norms

and wildlife disturbance or poaching).

When working toward the harmonious coexistence of people and wildlife,

conservationists and rangeland practitioners need to seek the cooperation and

build goodwill among herders and other stakeholders, including local government

and private industry (especially the livestock production, mining, and tourism

sectors).
 
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rakhee @ Serial 1393  
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Author Trivedi, P. url 
  Title (up) From Cashmere to Gowa Type Magazine Article
  Year 2011 Publication Journal of East China Normal University (Special Issue of Zoology)nbill Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue April-June Pages 4-10  
  Keywords Tibetan gazelle, gowa, Procapra picticaudata, Kalak Tar Tar, KTT, India, Ladakh, Sikkim  
  Abstract Story of research trip looking for Tibetan Gazelle (Procapra picticaudata) in its last stronghold in India – Kalak Tar Tar (KTT) plateau in the Hanle area of hangthang – the great Tibetan high altitude plain that stretches at its extreme south-western and southeastern edges into India in Ladakh and Sikkim respectively. Species is known locally as “gowa”.  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ Serial 1359  
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Author Rosen, T. url 
  Title (up) From Yellowstone to the Karakorums: A journey to understand conflicts with large carnivores Type Magazine Article
  Year 2010 Publication NRCC News Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 23 Issue 1 Pages 12-13  
  Keywords Pakistan, Project Snow Leopard, Baltistan Wildlife Conservation and Development Organization  
  Abstract  
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  Notes NRCC News (Northern Rockies Conservation Cooperative) annual newsletter: bridging science and policy to advance conservation. Fall 2010, issue 23(1). Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ Serial 1295  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Esson, C. , Skerratt, L. F. , Berger, L. , Malmsten, J., Strand, T. , Lundkvist, A., Järhult, J. D., Michaux, J., Mijiddorj, T. N., , Bayrakçısmith, R., Mishra, C., Johansson, O url 
  Title (up) Health and zoonotic Infections of snow leopards Panthera unica in the South Gobi desert of Mongolia Type Journal Article
  Year 2019 Publication Infection Ecology & Epidemiology Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 9 Issue 1604063 Pages 1-11  
  Keywords Snow leopard; zoonoses; conservation; one health; Mongolia; ticks  
  Abstract Background: Snow leopards, Panthera uncia, are a threatened apex predator, scattered across the mountains of Central and South Asia. Disease threats to wild snow leopards have not been investigated.

Methods and Results: Between 2008 and 2015, twenty snow leopards in the South Gobi desert of Mongolia were captured and immobilised for health screening and radio-collaring. Blood samples and external parasites were collected for pathogen analyses using enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), microscopic agglutination test (MAT), and next- generation sequencing (NGS) techniques. The animals showed no clinical signs of disease, however, serum antibodies to significant zoonotic pathogens were detected. These patho- gens included, Coxiella burnetii, (25% prevalence), Leptospira spp., (20%), and Toxoplasma gondii (20%). Ticks collected from snow leopards contained potentially zoonotic bacteria from the genera Bacillus, Bacteroides, Campylobacter, Coxiella, Rickettsia, Staphylococcus and Streptococcus.

Conclusions: The zoonotic pathogens identified in this study, in the short-term did not appear to cause illness in the snow leopards, but have caused illness in other wild felids. Therefore, surveillance for pathogens should be implemented to monitor for potential longer- term disease impacts on this snow leopard population.
 
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1625  
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Author Natalia, E., Sergey, N., Vyacheslav, R., Fedor, V., Antonio, H. B. J., Andrey, P., Alexander, K.,Ekaterina, P. url 
  Title (up) HELMINTHS OF RARE FELINE SPECIES (FELIDAE) IN SIBERIA AND THE RUSSIAN FAR EAST Type Journal Article
  Year 2017 Publication International Journal of Research In Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 70-74  
  Keywords Helminths, Amur tiger, Amur leopard, Pallas's cat, Snow leopard.  
  Abstract Parasites diversity in close-related species of hosts may be different depending on habitat use and climatic conditions. The aim of this study was to

analyze parasites fauna in four felid species inhabiting Russian Far East and South Siberia (including taiga forest and mountain treeless areas). We

have collected 272 feces samples of four felid species: Amur tiger, Amur leopard, snow leopard and Pallas� cat. Helminths (eggs and larvae) in

excrements were studied by flotation using a saturated solution of ammonium nitrate. We have described 10 helminths species in Amur tiger feces, 6

� in Amur leopard, 2 � in snow leopard and 3 � in Pallas� cat. Obviously, snow leopard and Palls� cat had lower helminths diversity than two other

species. These differences can be explained, to some extent, by climatic parameters. The climate in the snow leopard and Pallas' cat habitats is

described by sharp and significant temperature fluctuations – the annual temperature difference can exceed 90°C, which may lead to lower survival of

the number of infectious agents in Pallas' cat excrements. In addition, the snow cover that can protect helminth eggs and larvae from the cold

temperatures especially in Amur tiger and Amur leopard habitats. Possibly, another important factor is the spatial and social organization of Pallas'

cats, with a low frequency of contacts with other individuals. Such way, species-specific differences in helminths were related, probably, with the

species evolution in different habitats
 
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rakhee @ Serial 1481  
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Author Thapa, K., Pradhan, N, M, B., Barker, J., Dhakal, M., Bhandari, A, R., Gurung, G, S., Rai, D, P., Thapa, G, J., Shrestha, S., Singh, G, R. url 
  Title (up) High elevation record of a leopard cat in the Kangchenjunga Conservation Area, Nepal Type Journal Article
  Year 2013 Publication Cat News Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue No 58 Pages 26-27  
  Keywords leopard cat, camera trapping survey, Nepal  
  Abstract During a camera trapping survey in Khambachen valley of Kangchenjunga Conservation

Area KCA from 24 April to 26 May 2012 we camera trapped one leopard cat

Prionailurus bengalensis at an altitude of 4,474 meter. This is probably the highest

altitudinal record for the species in its range. Additionally, one melanistic leopard

Panthera pardus was captured at an altitude of 4,300 m, which is probably as well the

highest documented record in the country. Yet at this stage, no obvious reason can

explain these unusual high records for both species, thus more surveys are recommended

for this region.
 
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rakhee @ Serial 1394  
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Author Alexander, J., Chen, P., Damerell, P., Youkui, W., Hughes, J., Shi, K., Riordan, P. url 
  Title (up) Human wildlife conflict involving large carnivores in Qilianshan, China and the minimal paw-print of snow leopards Type Journal Article
  Year 2015 Publication Biological Conservation Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 187 Issue Pages 1-9  
  Keywords Snow leopard Carnivores Livestock depredation Social attitudes China  
  Abstract In this paper, we assess local perceptions towards snow leopards in North West China using a framework

depicting key conflict domains. We describe the perceived threats posed to humans by the snow leopard

and set them within beliefs and attitudes towards other species within the large carnivore assemblage in

this region. Surveys were conducted in seven villages within Qilianshan National Nature Reserve, Gansu

Province, China, to document reports of snow leopard (Panthera uncia), grey wolf (Canis lupus), Eurasian

lynx (Lynx lynx) and brown bear (Ursus arctos) depredation of livestock, and local attitudes towards each

species. Questionnaire-based interviews were held with 60 households and 49 livestock herders. Herding

of yak, sheep and goats was found to be a common livelihood activity among households in all villages.

Herders reported losing livestock to all four carnivore species. Herders reported that depredation was the

most common event affecting livestock, compared with natural disasters or disease, and represented a

total loss of 3.6% of the livestock population during the previous year. Most (53%) depredation losses were

attributed to lynx, while snow leopards were held responsible for only 7.8% of depredation losses. The

reported impact of snow leopards on herding activities was relatively small and the majority of both

householders and herders expressed positive attitudes towards them and supported measures for their

protection. Households and herders held negative attitudes towards lynx, wolves and bears, however,

most likely due to their perceived threat to livestock and humans. Understanding community perceptions

of threats posed by wildlife is vital for gaining community support for, and engagement in, conflict

mitigation.
 
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rakhee @ Serial 1422  
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