Abstract: It describes history of the Miraki and Chatkal nature reserves' establishment and provides data concerning area, landscapes, altitude zoning, flora and fauna as well as natural monuments.

Abstract: It provides a list of mammals of Central Asia (species and sub-species) indicating their main habitats, and undertakes an attempt to zone fauna of Central Asia based on data collected by the world science community concerning distribution of various mammal species over the country. Snow leopard Uncia uncia Schr. was indicated to inhabit the mountains of Central Asia.

Abstract: The high altitudes of Arunachal Pradesh,India, located in the Eastern Himalaya biodiversity hotspot, remain zoologically unexplored and unprotected. We report results of recent mammal surveys in the high altitude habitats of western Arunachal Pradesh. A total of 35 mammal species (including 12 carnivores, 10 ungulates and 5 primates) were recorded, of which 13 are categorized as Endangered or Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List. One species of primate, the Arunachal macaque Macaca munzala, is new to science and the Chinese goral Nemorhaedus caudatus is a new addition to the ungulate fauna of the Indian subcontinent. We documented peoples' dependence on natural resources for grazing and extraction of timber and medicinal plants. The region's mammals are threatened by widespread hunting. The snow leopard Uncia uncia and dhole Cuon alpinus are also persecuted in retaliation for livestock depredation. The tiger Panthera tigris, earlier reported from the lower valleys, is now apparently extinct there, and range reductions over the last two decades are reported for bharal Pseudois nayaur and musk deer Moschus sp.. Based on mammal species richness, extent of high altitude habitat, and levels of anthropogenic disturbance, we identified a potential site for the creation of Arunachal's first high altitude wildlife reserve (815 km2). Community-based efforts that provide incentives for conservation-friendly practices could work in this area, and conservation awareness programmes are required, not just amongst the local communities and schools but for politicians, bureaucrats and the army.

Abstract: Common features, origin, and landscape and zonal peculiarities of fauna in Kazakhstan and Central Asia are described. This region is part of the Mediterranean and Central Asia sub-zone of Golarctic, while north-eastern part of Kazakhstan is incorporated in the Round-boreal sub-zone. The main features of nature (sharply continental climate, vast valleys and well-marked zoning combined with a sophisticated system of vertical mountain zoning) stipulate the abundance and diversity of fauna. There are over 100 fish species, some 100 reptile and amphibian species, about 500 bird and 160 mammal species here. Snow leopard can be found in Kazakhstan's part of the Altai, in the Tien Shan and Pamir mountains.

Abstract: Origination of fauna complexes in Uzbekistan from the Mustier period to present time is described. The remains of brown bear, cave hyena, wolf, fox, corsac, stone marten, badger, and snow leopard were found in cave Amankutan (western extremities of the Zaravshan ridge). Cattle breeding and farming has begun since mesolite; cave bear, Stenon horse, Pleistocene donkey, camel and aurochs dropped from the region's fauna, while marchor and striped hyena moved to the Hissar ridge, Babatag and Kugitang mountains from south; jackal, chaus, tiger, and Iranian otter settled along the river valleys. In the Neolith and Bronze Age cattle breeding and farming continued to develop, while hunting was less important. Mass hinting for animals in the time of Alexander the Great, Chingiz Khan, and Babur, the ruler of Fergana, is described. Mass extermination of kulan, goitered gazelle, saiga, and other game species also took place later more than 12,000 saigas were killed during one hunt at the end of 19th century in the Volga region. Animals also die from natural disasters the “djut”. Data concerning a current status of goitered gazelle, saiga, Bukhara deer, marchor, Severtsev's sheep, and urial is given.

Abstract: The author provides results of the expedition in the vicinity of lake Sary-Chelek, Kyrgyzstan. With reference to the local people he indicates the presence of irbis (Leopardus uncia), bear (Ursus leuconyx), dhole (Cyon alpinus) around Air-Bel. Livestock attracts the predators and every day shepherds find one sheep missing.

Abstract: Ibex, whose population has reduced due to over-hunting, inhabits the alpine meadow zone in Uzbekistan. Ibex had entirely disappeared in some areas. Wild sheep, a common inhabitant of the alpine zone, has drastically decreased in number. Marhur can still be found in the mountains of Kugitang and Babatang. Wild sheep is a common species for the alpine zone. Predator animals such as snow leopard, bear, and sometimes wolf and fox can be found in this zone. A typical inhabitant of highlands is marmot an object of fur-trade.

Abstract: It provides description of fauna of the Central Asia mountains. Ibex (Capra sibirica) was noticed to keep to the alpine and sub-alpine zone and never descends bellow 2,500 m. Hunting for ibex and wild sheep, snow leopard (Leopardus uncia) keeps at the same elevation.

Abstract: Represented is fauna of big salt-marsh valleys and pre-Kyzylkum area, a tier of low desert foothill valleys, tiers of lowland ridges, deeply cut hillside midlands, and cold highlands of the watershed ridge-top tier in the Jizak region of Uzbekistan. The highest tier of the Jizak region, a habitat of snow leopard, Menzbier's marmot, Siberian ibex, sometimes wild Tajik sheep coming from the East, bear ascending from lower elevations, and wolf in summer, has the most adverse living conditions. Central Asia argali and stone marten inhabit in central part of the North Nurata ridge.

Abstract: Presented is history of the Chatkal nature reserve's establishment, physic and geographic description, types of soils, climate, altitude zones, flora and fauna, historical monuments. Snow leopard is quiet rare species in nature reserve. Last years irbis's tracks and voice have been recorded in highly mountain sites of Maidantal part of Chatkal nature reserve.

Abstract: Briefly presented is history of the Chatkal nature reserve's establishment, protected flora and fauna, and intense economic activity impact on wildlife of the protected area.

Abstract: Fauna of the Issyk-Kul depression and the surrounding ridges consists of heterogeneous elements different in their ecologic features and origin. In highlands, more common are species of Central Asia's origin (gray marmot, snow leopard, dhole, ibex, argali, etc.). Snow leopard is met in Terskey-Alatau. Each year hunters catch/shoot one to three snow leopards in the Chon-Kizilsu river basin. In the Djeti-Oguz district, up to five eight snow leopards are caught each winter. Snow leopard is also caught/shot in the river basins Chon-Kizilsu, Karabatkak, Ortok, Archtor, Tekeletor, and Shatly.

Abstract: Caspian tiger, cheetah, moral have disappeared from the region's fauna. Species such as hyena, leopard, manul are endangered, honey badger and caracal available only on the south of Karakalpakstan, lynx, snow leopard and saiga are rare species. The implemented protection measures helped Iranian otter, Bukhara red deer, marchor, and Severtsev's sheep escape a total extermination. To preserve many valuable animals in Uzbekistan small investments in their habitats improvement are required. Nature reserves and preserves occupy a total area of more than 220,000 ha in the country. All rare species of Central Asia's fauna are under protection of the state.