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	Author	Fox, J.L.; Freeman, H.
	Title	An Internationally cooperative fiels study of the snow leopard in Northern India			Type	Conference Article
	Year	1984	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	4	Issue		Pages	39-42
	Keywords	India; conservation; ecology; training; Ladakh; Jammu; Himachal-Pradesh; Sikkem; Uttar; Arunachal; livestock; hunting; prey; pelts; browse; 4140
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Leif Blomqvist and Helsinki Zoo	Place of Publication	Helsinki, Finland	Editor	L.Blomqvist
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	Full text available atTitle, Monographic: International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards, Panthera UnciaPlace of Meeting: Krefeld Zoo, GFRDate of Copyright: 1984			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 76			Serial	288
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	Author	Mishra, C.; Madhusudan, M.D.
	Title	An Incentive Scheme for Wildlife Conservation in the Indian Trans-Himalaya			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2002	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	snow; leopard; asia; south; central; uncia; depredation; livestock; India; Himalaya; Himalayan; conservation; prey; density; 5010
	Abstract	The habitat of the snow leopard Uncia uncia across South and Central Asia is subject to extensive pastoral use. Levels of livestock depredation by the snow leopard and other carnivores in the region are high, and often provokes retaliatory killing by the herders. This direct threat to large carnivores is further aggravated by a depletion of wild prey due to poaching and out-competition by livestock. In this paper, we describe a pilot project in the Indian Trans-Himalaya, which uses an incentive scheme to create areas free from livestock grazing on community-owned land, thereby fostering conservation commitment among local pastoralists, as well as contributing directly to an enhancement of wild prey density.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Islt	Place of Publication	Islt	Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	Title, Monographic: Proceedings of the Snow Leopard Survival SummitPlace of Meeting: Seattle,WA			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 487			Serial	692
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	Author	Thapa, K.
	Title	An experience of surplus killing of livestock by a snow leopard in Nepal			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2021	Publication	CATnews	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	Winter 2021	Issue	74	Pages	18-21
	Keywords
	Abstract	Among many other threats, retaliatory killing of snow leopards Panthera uncia by people in retribution of livestock depredation is the foremost challenge for long-term survival of snow leopards. Surplus killing of up to 100 or more goats and sheep by snow leopard in a single night have been reported in snow leopard range’ countries including Nepal. Such incidences are unusual, but their impacts are substantial for subsistence agropastoral communities and snow leopard survival. Direct observation of surplus killing of livestock by a snow leopard in the corral is very rare. Here I report one incidence in a remote part of Nepal where a snow leopard killed 44 goats and was then trapped itself in a corral. This note highlights how I managed to rescue the trapped snow leopard.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rakhee @			Serial	1668
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	Author	Kleinman, M.S.; Garman, R.H.
	Title	An endoscopic approach to a snow leopard			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1978	Publication	Gastroenterology	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	74	Issue	6	Pages	1348
	Keywords	Animal; Bezoars; veterinary; Carnivora; Cats; Esophagoscopy; Male; browse; 370
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0016-5085	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	Document Type: eng			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 47			Serial	536
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	Author	Suryawanshi, K.
	Title	An encounter in snow			Type	Magazine Article
	Year	2011	Publication	FRONTLINE	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	28	Issue	10	Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract	In the trans-Himalayan region, a conservation effort has reduced conflicts between snow leopards and pastoralists. Photographs & text by author.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	http://www.frontline.in/stories/20110520281005800.htm; INDIA'S NATIONAL MAGAZINE, from the publishers of THE HINDU, May 7-20, 2011			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @			Serial	1316
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	Author	Nawaz, M. A., Khan, B. U., Mahmood, A., Younas, M., Din, J. U, Sutherland, C.
	Title	An empirical demonstration of the effect of study design on density estimations			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2021	Publication	Nature	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	11	Issue	13104	Pages	1-9
	Keywords
	Abstract	The simultaneous development of technology (e.g. camera traps) and statistical methods, particularly spatially capture–recapture (SCR), has improved monitoring of large mammals in recent years. SCR estimates are known to be sensitive to sampling design, yet existing recommendations about trap spacing and coverage are often not achieved, particularly for sampling wide-ranging and rare species in landscapes that allow for limited accessibility. Consequently, most camera trap studies on large wide-ranging carnivores relies on convenience or judgmental sampling, and often yields compromised results. This study attempts to highlight the importance of carefully considered sampling design for large carnivores that, because of low densities and elusive behavior, are challenging to monitor. As a motivating example, we use two years of snow leopard camera trapping data from the same areas in the high mountains of Pakistan but with vastly different camera configurations, to demonstrate that estimates of density and space use are indeed sensitive to the trapping array. A compact design, one in which cameras were placed much closer together than generally recommended and therefore have lower spatial coverage, resulted in fewer individuals observed, but more recaptures, and estimates of density and space use were inconsistent with expectations for the region. In contrast, a diffuse design, one with larger spacing and spatial coverage and more consistent with general recommendations, detected more individuals, had fewer recaptures, but generated estimates of density and space use that were in line with expectations. Researchers often opt for compact camera configurations while monitoring wide-ranging and rare species, in an attempt to maximize the encounter probabilities. We empirically demonstrate the potential for biases when sampling a small area approximately the size of a single home range—this arises from exposing fewer individuals than deemed sufficient for estimation. The smaller trapping array may also underestimate density by significantly inflating ?. On the other hand, larger trapping array with fewer detectors and poor design induces uncertainties in the estimates. We conclude that existing design recommendations have limited utility on practical grounds for devising feasible sampling designs for large ranging species, and more research on SCR designs is required that allows for integrating biological and habitat traits of large carnivores in sampling framework. We also suggest that caution should be exercised when there is a reliance on convenience sampling.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1642
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	Author	Nawaz, M. A., Khan, B. U., Mahmood, A., Younas, M., Din, J. U, Sutherland, C.
	Title	An empirical demonstration of the effect of study design on density estimations			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2021	Publication	Nature	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	11	Issue	13104	Pages	1-9
	Keywords
	Abstract	The simultaneous development of technology (e.g. camera traps) and statistical methods, particularly spatially capture–recapture (SCR), has improved monitoring of large mammals in recent years. SCR estimates are known to be sensitive to sampling design, yet existing recommendations about trap spacing and coverage are often not achieved, particularly for sampling wide-ranging and rare species in landscapes that allow for limited accessibility. Consequently, most camera trap studies on large wide-ranging carnivores relies on convenience or judgmental sampling, and often yields compromised results. This study attempts to highlight the importance of carefully considered sampling design for large carnivores that, because of low densities and elusive behavior, are challenging to monitor. As a motivating example, we use two years of snow leopard camera trapping data from the same areas in the high mountains of Pakistan but with vastly different camera configurations, to demonstrate that estimates of density and space use are indeed sensitive to the trapping array. A compact design, one in which cameras were placed much closer together than generally recommended and therefore have lower spatial coverage, resulted in fewer individuals observed, but more recaptures, and estimates of density and space use were inconsistent with expectations for the region. In contrast, a diffuse design, one with larger spacing and spatial coverage and more consistent with general recommendations, detected more individuals, had fewer recaptures, but generated estimates of density and space use that were in line with expectations. Researchers often opt for compact camera configurations while monitoring wide-ranging and rare species, in an attempt to maximize the encounter probabilities. We empirically demonstrate the potential for biases when sampling a small area approximately the size of a single home range—this arises from exposing fewer individuals than deemed sufficient for estimation. The smaller trapping array may also underestimate density by significantly inflating
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLT @ jeffb @			Serial	1652
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	Author	Fox, J.L.
	Title	An ecological survey of the proposed Langtang National Park			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1974	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Langtang; park; parks; reserve; refuge; reserves; Nepal; protected-area; browse; protected; area; 2340
	Abstract	Reports probable sighn of snow leopard at two high elevation points in the Langtang National Park
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	A report to the National Parks and Wildlife Conservation Office, Kathmandu, Nepal.			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 26			Serial	287
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	Author	Mallon, D.
	Title	An early record of snow leopard in Myanmar			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2003	Publication	Cat News	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	39	Issue	Autumn	Pages	24
	Keywords	snow leopard, Myanmar
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @			Serial	1253
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	Author	Johansson, Torbjorn, A. Johansson, Orjan. McCarthy, Tom
	Title	An Automatic VHF Transmitter Monitoring System for Wildlife Research			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2011	Publication	Wildlife Society Bulletin	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	9999	Issue		Pages	1-5
	Keywords	automatic system, monitoring, pulse detection, trap-site transmitter, VHF transmitter monitoring
	Abstract	We describe an automated system for monitoring multiple very high frequency (VHF) transmitters, which are commonly employed in wildlife studies. The system consists of a microprocessor-controlled radio-frequency monitor equipped with advanced signal-processing capabilities that communicates with, and relays information to, a user interface unit at a different location. the system was designed for a capture-and-release snow leopard (Panthera uncia) study in Mongolia, where checking trap-site transmitters manually entailed climbing a hill with telemetry equipment several times each day and night. Here, it monitors the trap-site transmitters and actively produces an alarm when any of the traps have been triggered, or if the system has lost contact with any trap-transmitter. The automated system allowed us to constantly monitor transmitters from a research camp, and alerted us each time a trap was triggered. The system has been field-tested for 83 days from mid-September 2010 to mid-december 2010 in the Tost mountain range on the edge of Mongolia's Gobi desert. During this time, the system performed reliably, responding correctly to 45 manually generated alarms and 9 animal captures. The system considerably shortens the time the captured animals spend in traps, and also mitigates the need for manual trap-site transmitter monitoring, greatly reducing risk to the animal and the human effort involved.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rakhee @			Serial	1379
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