| Records |
| Author |
Xiao, L., Hua, F., Knops, J. M. H., Zhao, X., Mishra, C., Lovari, S., Alexander, J. S., Weckworth, B., Lu, Z. |
Title  |
Spatial separation of prey from livestock facilitates coexistence of a specialized large carnivore with human land use. |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Animal Conservation |
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Pages |
1 - 10 |
| Keywords |
large carnivore; coexistence; prey; niche separation; land use; livestock; human– wildlife conflict; snow leopard. |
| Abstract |
There is an increasing emphasis in conservation strategies for large carnivores on facilitating their coexistence with humans. Justification for coexistence strategies should be based on a quantitative assessment of currently remaining large carnivores in human-dominated landscapes. An essential part of a carnivore’s coexistence strategy has to rely on its prey. In this research, we studied snow leopards Panthera uncia whose habitat mainly comprises human-dominated, unprotected areas, to understand how a large carnivore and its primary prey, the bharal Pseudois nayaur, could coexist with human land use activities in a large proportion of its range. Using a combination of livestock census, camera trapping and wildlife surveys, across a broad gradient of livestock grazing intensity in a 363 000 km2 landscape on the Tibetan Plateau, we found no evidence of livestock grazing impacts on snow leopard habitat use, bharal density and spatial distribution, even though livestock density was 13 times higher than bharal density. Bharal were found to prefer utilizing more rugged habitats at higher elevations with lower grass forage conditions, whereas livestock dominated in flat valleys at lower elevations with higher productivity, especially during the resource-scarce season. These findings suggest that the spatial niche separation between bharal and livestock, together with snow leopards’ specialized bharal diet, minimized conflicts and allowed snow leopards and bharal to coexist in landscapes dominated by livestock grazing. In recent years, reduced hunting and nomadic herder’s lifestyle changes towards permanent residence may have further reinforced this spatial separation. Our results indicated that, for developing conservation strategies for large carnivores, the niche of their prey in relation to human land-use is a key variable that needs to be evaluated. |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rakhee @ |
Serial |
1678 |
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| Title |
Special protected areas (nature reserves, natural and national parks, zakazniks, natural monuments) |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
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91-92 |
| Keywords |
Uzbekistan; protected areas; snow leopard.; 8320; Russian |
| Abstract |
The list and brief description of existing protected areas of Uzbekistan are given. The snow leopard recorded in Chatkal and Hissar nature reserves. |
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Russian |
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Full text available in Russian Journal Title: National report on status natural environment and use of natural resources in Republic of Uzbekistan. |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 810 |
Serial |
19 |
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| Author |
Pokrovskiy V.S. |
| Title |
Special protected areas (zakazniks) in areas of existence of rare and especially useful species of animals |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1967 |
Publication |
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Pages |
132-135 |
| Keywords |
Ussr; protected areas; snow leopard.; 7960; Russian |
| Abstract |
The description of nature reserves of USSR is given. The key species living within these reserves are specified. The snow leopard is recorded for zakaznik located in Koksu River upper, Kazakhstan. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Remarkable natural landscapes of the USSR and their protection. |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 774 |
Serial |
782 |
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| Author |
Loginov O. |
| Title |
Status and Conservation of Snow Leopard in Kazakhstan |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1995 |
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Pages |
39-41 |
| Keywords |
Kazakhstan; number; distribution; threats; protected areas; conservation activity; snow leopard.; 7590; Russian |
| Abstract |
Snow leopards are to be found in the most extreme eastern, southeastern and southern mountainous regions, including the Altai. Saur, Tarbagatai. Dzhungarian, Alatau, Northern and Western Tian-Shan ranges. The snow leopard or irbis is the most rare in eastern Kazakstan in the ranges of Katunskie Belki, South Altai, Kurchumski, Sarymsakty, Saur and Tarbagatai. Total snow leopard population in Kazakstan is estimated at no more than 100-110 animals, including 20-25 in the central part of the Zailisky-Alatau. Although there are nine protected areas in Kazakstan, snow leopards are only regularly reported
from the Aksu-Dzhabagly and Almaty reserves and occasionally in Markakolsky Reserve. The major threats to the species include: Deliberate poaching with the aim of selling the valuable fur of the snow leopard; habitat loss resulting from the expansion of human activity in its mountain habitat, and deliberate or retaliatory killing by shepherds in response to predation upon livestock. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Proceedings of 8th International Snow Leopard Symposium Islamabad. |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 737 |
Serial |
623 |
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| Author |
Yanushevich A.I. |
| Title |
Status of hunting industry in Kyrgyzstan |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1969 |
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Part. II. |
Issue |
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Pages |
110-113 |
| Keywords |
Kyrgyzstan; game species; fur-trade; snow leopard.; 8600; Russian |
| Abstract |
In Kyrgyz SSR, there are 26 fur animal species, including three acclimatized, six wild ungulate and 70 bird species. They all can serve as objects of commercial and sport hunting. 56 snow leopards, 120 wild boars, 96 roe-deers, 121 ibexes, and 14 argalis were caught 1962 1967. A majority of the animals were exported from the country. The Kyrgyz SSR is one of the main suppliers of snow leopards, hunting for which for the sake of its fur-skin is prohibited. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Proceedings of conference “Capacity and production of game preserves in the USSR”. |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 837 |
Serial |
1053 |
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| Author |
Prokopov K.P. |
| Title |
Taxonomic list of mammal fauna of eastern Kazakhstan |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1990 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
Vol. I. |
Issue |
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Pages |
92-93 |
| Keywords |
Kazakhstan; Altai; Zaisan valley; Saur-Tarbagatai; mammals; snow leopard.; 7990; Russian |
| Abstract |
During the period 1965 through 1988, studies were conducted in the north-east of Kazakhstan (Kazakhstan's Altai, Zaisan depression, Saur-Tarbagatai) and list of mammals (104 species) for the area made. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Proceedings of V Congress mammalogy' society of the Academy of Science of the USSR. |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 777 |
Serial |
794 |
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| Author |
Pavlinov I.Ya. |
| Title |
Taxonomy of mammals in the USSR |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1987 |
Publication |
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Pages |
90 |
| Keywords |
Ussr; taxonomy; snow leopard.; 7830; Russian |
| Abstract |
The reference book on taxonomy of modern mammals in the USSR provides classification from order to species, list of synonyms for all taxons, and indicates types and typical habitats, and places of storage of typical exhibits. Fauna of the USSR has one species of genus Uncia Grey, 1854 Uncia uncia (Schreber, 1776). |
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Full text available in Russian |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 761 |
Serial |
763 |
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| Author |
Pavlinov I.Ya. |
| Title |
Taxonomy of mammals in the USSR: additions |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1998 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Issue |
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Pages |
90 |
| Keywords |
Ussr; taxonomy; synonyms; distribution; snow leopard.; 7850; Russian |
| Abstract |
A full hierarchic system of mammal fauna in the USSR and CIS countries, list of synonyms, comments on taxonomy, and information about geographical distribution are given. Genus Uncia Gray, 1854 includes one species U. uncia (Schreber, 1776) distributed in highlands (up to 5,000 m) of Central Asia (Tibet, Pamir, Tien-Shan, Altai). Synonyms: irbis. |
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Full text available in Russian |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 763 |
Serial |
764 |
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| Author |
Esipov A.V. |
| Title |
The 56th anniversary of the Chatkal reserve |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
2003 |
Publication |
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15 |
Issue |
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Pages |
15 |
| Keywords |
Uzbekistan; Chatkal nature reserve; fauna; rare species; snow leopard.; 6610; Russian |
| Abstract |
Being one of nine nature reserves in Uzbekistan, Chatkal was established in 1947. Its area changed its size and administrative jurisdiction. Foothills adjacent to the nature reserve were long ago inhabited and developed by people. In Middle Ages, the area of juniperous forest reduced considerably because of mining operations. There are rare mammal species in the nature reserve, such as snow leopard, bear, Menzbier's marmot, and six rare bird species |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Guliston Journal |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 639 |
Serial |
256 |
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| Author |
Yazan Yu.P. |
| Title |
The Almaty state nature reserve |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1980 |
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Pages |
162-164 |
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Kazakhstan; Almaty nature reserve; establishment; climate; physiographic factors; plants; Animals; insects; reptiles; birds; mammals; snow leopard.; 8590; Russian |
| Abstract |
History of the Alma-Ata nature reserve establishment, its location physical and geographic data, climate, and vegetation zones are described. Fauna of the protected area is represented by 64 mammal species, and about 200 bird species. Briefly described are behavioural patterns of roe deer, moral, wild boar, Siberian ibex, snow leopard, lynx, brown bear, and marten, and other mammals of the mountainous area. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Nature reserves of the USSR. |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 836 |
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1058 |
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| Author |
Andrienkov V.I. |
| Title |
The Besh Aral nature reserve |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1990 |
Publication |
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Issue |
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Pages |
335 |
| Keywords |
Kyrgyzstan; Besh Aral nature reserve; location; climate; soil; flora; fauna; snow leopard.; 6030; Russian |
| Abstract |
It provides general information about the Besh Aral nature reserve (Kyrgyzstan), its physico-geographical characteristic, and description of flora and fauna. The predatory mammals are represented by 12 species. The rare predators are brown bear, snow leopard, lynx, and manul. Snow leopard inhabits the highlands of Chatkal depression and the upper-river Kara-Toko. In the past, snow leopards were seen more often. |
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| Notes |
Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Nature reserves of Central Asia and Kazakhstan. |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 582 |
Serial |
72 |
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| Author |
Kuznetzov B.A. |
| Title |
The cat family. The province of Central Asia mountains. The West Tien Shan area |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1948 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Pages |
92-97 |
| Keywords |
Kyrgyzstan; distribution; snow leopard.; 7500; Russian |
| Abstract |
It provides description of geographical distribution, habitats, behavior, and food of the cat family species in Kyrgyzstan (tiger, snow leopard, lynx, manul). It also provides zoogeographical description of Kyrgyzstan (zoogeographical zoning, landscape, fauna complexes), and zoning of Central Asia's mountainous areas. Snow leopard is met in the East Tien Shan, West Tien Shan, East Pamir, and Tajikistan mountainous areas. In Kyrgyzstan, snow leopard is distributed in highlands of the Talas Ala-Tau. Terskey Ala-Tau, Kyrgyz, Fergana, Alai and Zaalai ridges. |
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Full text available in Russian
Journal Title: Animals of Kyrgyzstan. |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 728 |
Serial |
603 |
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| Author |
Ognev S.I. |
| Title |
The cats (Felidae) |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1951 |
Publication |
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Issue |
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Pages |
23-33 |
| Keywords |
Ussr; fauna; mammals; Cats; game species; accidentally hunted species; snow leopard.; 7800; Russian |
| Abstract |
A list of mammals of the USSR fauna by orders is presented. Data of distribution and ecology mainly concerns the species of commercial value. From this viewpoint the Felidae species such as tiger, leopard, snow leopard, and lynx are referred to a category of accidentally hunted species of low commercial value. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Ecology of mammals. |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 758 |
Serial |
738 |
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| Author |
Flint V.E. |
| Title |
The cats – Felidae |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1970 |
Publication |
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Issue |
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Pages |
149-164 |
| Keywords |
Ussr; Felidae; taxonomy; distribution; snow leopard.; 6700; Russian |
| Abstract |
Description of 12 cats species from USSR (Felis silvestris, Felis libyca, Felis euptilura, Felis chaus, Felis lynx, Felis caracal, Felis •…‹u1, Felis margarita, Felis tigris, Felis pardus, Felis uncia, Aci‹Œ‹¢o jub…tus) is given. Snow leopard inhabited in mountain ridges of Kazakhstan, Middle Asia, Altai and Sayan. |
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| Notes |
Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Mammals of USSR. |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 648 |
Serial |
279 |
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| Author |
Kuznetsov B.A. |
| Title |
The cats – Felidae |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1975 |
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Part 3. |
Issue |
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Pages |
161, 164-165 |
| Keywords |
Ussr; Felidae; taxonomy; distribution; snow leopard.; 7530; Russian |
| Abstract |
An identification table for genus and species of Felidae family of USSR is given. Snow leopard Panthera uncia (Schreher) described for Pamir, Tien Shan, Altai and mountains of Tuva. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Guide of vertebrate species of USSR. Mammals. |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 731 |
Serial |
601 |
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| Author |
Laptev M.K. |
| Title |
The cats – Felidae |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1936 |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Issue V. |
Issue |
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Pages |
77-82 |
| Keywords |
Turkmenistan; Kopet-Dag; Felidae; taxonomy; snow leopard.; 7560; Russian |
| Abstract |
An identification table for genus and species of Felidae family of Turkmenistan is given. The following features are used: colour, pattern, teeth formula, skull measurements, and sizes of body, head, and tail. The presence of snow leopard for Kopet-Dag is indicated. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Guide of vertebrate species of Turkmen SSR. Mammals. |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 734 |
Serial |
612 |
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| Author |
Naumov S.P. |
| Title |
The cats – Felidae |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1950 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Issue |
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Pages |
315 |
| Keywords |
Ussr; Felidae; taxonomy; distribution; snow leopard.; 7720; Russian |
| Abstract |
Description of Felidae family species (Tigris tigris, Unci uncia, Felis silvestris, Felis ocreata, Felis †udtilur…, L¢no l¢no, A¤tŒn¢o jub…tus) is given. Snow leopard inhabited in mountain ridges of Middle and Central Asia. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Zoology of vertebrates. |
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SLN @ rana @ 750 |
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717 |
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| Author |
Naumov S.P. |
| Title |
The cats – Felidae |
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Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1973 |
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330 |
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Ussr; Felidae; taxonomy; distribution; snow leopard.; 7730; Russian |
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Description of Felidae family species (Tigris tigris, D…nthera d…rdus, Unci uncia, Felis silvestris, Felis ocreata, Felis †udtilur…, L¢no l¢no, A¤tŒn¢o jub…tus) is given. Snow leopard inhabited in mountain ridges of Middle and Central Asia. |
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1950Journal Title: Zoology of vertebrates. |
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SLN @ rana @ 751 |
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718 |
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Naumov S.P. |
| Title |
The cats – Felidae. Mountain regions of USSR |
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Miscellaneous |
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1948 |
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59-61 |
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Ussr; Felidae; taxonomy; distribution; snow leopard.; 7740 |
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Description of Felidae family species (Tigris tigris, Leopardus (Pardus) pardus and Unci uncia) is given. In USSR snow leopard inhabited in mountain ridges of Middle Asia and Altai. |
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1950Journal Title: Biology of game animals and birds of USSR. |
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SLN @ rana @ 752 |
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719 |
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An E.S. |
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The Chatkal Mountain Forest State Nature Reserve. The Kyzylsu Mountain Juniperous State Nature Reserve. The Miraki State Nature Reserve |
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Miscellaneous |
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1980 |
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19-21 |
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Uzbekistan; mountain nature reserves; Western Tien Shan; Pamir-Alai; Hissar ridge; Chatkal nature reserve; Kyzylsu nature reserve; Miraki nature reserve; relief; climate; soil; flora; fauna; mammals; birds; reptiles; fishes; territorial protection; rare species; snow leopard.; 6020; Russian |
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It describes natural conditions, area, flora and fauna of the three mountain nature reserves in Uzbekistan: Chatkal, Kyzylsu, and Miraki. Siberian mountain ibex, roe deer, wild boar, Turkistan lynx, Tien Shan brown bear, fox, stone marten, Menzbier's marmot, porcupine, ermine, and Tien Shan souslik inhabit the Chatkal nature reserve. Snow leopard can be found in a top rocky part of the ridge. In the Kyzylsu nature reserve, there are 23 mammal species including, among the others, white-clawed bear, snow leopard, Iranian otter, Turkistan lynx, wild-boar, badger, porcupine, long-tailed marmot, hare-tolai, stone marten, Pamiri shrew, and ibex; in the Miraki nature reserve snow leopard, white-clawed bear, ibex, wolf, fox, porcupine, long-tailed marmot, hare-talai, forest dormouse, red pica, and a number of Red Data Book bird species are protected. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Protected areas of Uzbekistan. |
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SLN @ rana @ 581 |
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70 |
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Sokolov V.E. |
| Title |
The Chatkal nature reserve |
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1990 |
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301-302 |
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Uzbekistan; Cahtkal nature reserve; location; climate; soils; flora; fauna; mammals; snow leopard.; 8280; Russian |
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It provides general information about the Chatkal nature reserve (Uzbekistan), its physico-geographical features, and description of flora and fauna. Fauna of vertebrate animals includes four fishes, two amphibians, 11 reptiles, 176 birds, and 33 mammals. The typical mammals of the nature reserve are fox and badger. Sometimes, steppe cat can be met too. Snow leopard and marbled polecat are seen rarely. Brown bear is quite widely distributed. Ungulates such as wild boar and ibex are widely distributed in the nature reserve. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Nature reserves of Central Asia and Kazakhstan. |
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SLN @ rana @ 806 |
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911 |
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Bogdanov O.P. |
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The Chatkal state mountain forest biosphere reserve. The Hissar nature reserve |
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Miscellaneous |
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1989 |
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11-28 |
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Uzbekistan; Chatkal nature reserve; Hissar nature reserve; birds; mammals; amphibians; reptiles; plants; rare species; numerous species; snow leopard.; 6370; Russian |
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In a popular form it describes the origination, nature and fauna of the Chatkal nature reserve. Habitats and ecology of Menzbier's marmot, water-snake, forest dormouse, and fox are described. It also indicates mammal and bird species listed in the Red Book of the USSR black vulture, griffon vulture, bearded vulture, golden eagle, snow leopard, Turkestan lynx, and Tien-Shan brown bear. There are 23 mammal species in the Hissar nature reserve. Ecology of snow leopard and Siberian mountain ibex is described. In the year 1977, 15 Turkestan lynx, about 25 Tien-Shan brown bears, five to seven snow leopards, and 120 150 Siberian mountain ibex were counted in the nature reserve. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Nature reserves of Uzbekistan. Stories of naturalist. |
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SLN @ rana @ 615 |
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184 |
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Rashek V.A. |
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The Chatkal State nature reserve. Aksu Jabagly nature reserve |
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Miscellaneous |
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1980 |
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157-161 |
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Uzbekistan; Kazakhstan; Chatkal nature reserve; Aksu Jabagly nature reserve; landscape; flora; fauna; birds; mammals; rare species; snow leopard.; 8040; Russian |
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It describes history of the Chatkal and Aksu Jabagly nature reserves' establishment and provides data concerning hydrography, soils, climate, landscapes, altitude zoning, flora and fauna, and main aspects of scientific work. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Nature reserves of the USSR. |
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SLN @ rana @ 782 |
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806 |
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Kreuzberg-Mukhina E.A. |
| Title |
The Endangered species and Snow Leopard Conservation problems. Schoolbook |
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2001 |
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27 |
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Uzbekistan; biology; distribution; number; conservation problems; snow leopard.; 7460; Russian |
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The manual contains the information on snow leopard species listed in Red Data book of Uzbekistan. The data on its biology, distribution and number in republic and within the world is given. Snow leopard conservation problems are considered. |
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Full text available in Russian |
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SLN @ rana @ 724 |
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591 |
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Kamelin R.V. |
| Title |
The Hissar Nature reserve |
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Miscellaneous |
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1990 |
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272-282 |
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Uzbekistan; Hissar nature reserve; location; climate; soils; flora; fauna; mammals; number; snow leopard.; 7060; Russian |
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It provides general information about the Hissar nature reserve (Uzbekistan), its physico-geographical features and description of flora and fauna. The following predator species inhabit the nature reserve: wolf, fox, Tien Shan brown bear (four five animals per 100 sq. km), ermine, weasel, stone marten, otter, badger, lynx (two animals per 100 sq. km) and snow leopard (about 10 animals). Wild boar and ibex are common species for the area (22 25 animals per 100 sq. km). |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Nature reserves of Central Asia and Kazakhstan. |
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SLN @ rana @ 684 |
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512 |
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