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Sokolov V.E. (1989). Family Felidae.
Abstract: It describes big representatives of family Felidae such as lion, tiger, leopard, jaguar, snow leopard, and cheetah. The habitat of snow leopard in USSR extends from the mountains of Central Asia and South Siberia to the Altai and Tuva. It is a non-numerous species all over its habitat. There are 100 300 snow leopards in Nepal, about 100 in Pakistan, and 500 1,000 in the USSR. The snow leopard is included in the Red Data Book of the USSR and Red List of IUCN.
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Gromov I.M. (1963). Felis (Uncia) uncia Schreber (1776) leopard or irbis (Vol. Part.2.).
Abstract: An identification table for genus and species of mammals of USSR is given. The taxonomy, morphology, distribution and life history are described. The features of snow leopard Felis (Uncia) uncia, distribution, biology and practical value are described.
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Pavlinov I.Ya. (2002). Genus irbis (Uncia Gray, 1854), irbis (Uncia uncia Schreber, 1776). Terrain animals of Russia. Reference book identifier.
Abstract: It provides brief characteristics of terrain mammals in Russia: taxonomy, synonyms, principle features, distribution, habitat, biological features. Snow leopard is distributed in the mountains (from 800 to 5,000 m above sea level) of Central Asia Himalayas, Tibet, Pamir, Tien-Shan; in Russia the Altai, Tuva, southern Transbaikalia.
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Bannikov A.G. (1971). Genus Panthera.
Abstract: It gives the description of genus Panthera: lion, tiger, leopard, jaguar and snow leopard. The mountains of Central Asia and South Siberia limit the habitat of snow leopard in the USSR. This species is also distributed in the Himalayas, Tibet, and mountains of Mongolia. In summer, it lives at 3,660 3,970 m above sea level, while in winter, following the ungulates; snow leopard descends to 1,800 m. In the Himalayas, it ascends up to 5,500 m above sea level in summer. In Djungar and Talas Ala-Tau, snow leopard keeps at 600 1,200 m. It takes refuge in caves and cracks of rocks. Snow leopard is mostly active in twilights and night, rarer in daylight, and preys on ungulates, hares, marmots, and others. The coupling period is winter or early spring. A gestation is about 90 days. It has 3 5 cubs in a litter.
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Geptner V.G. (1972). Genus snow leopard or irbis (Vol. Vol. 2, Part 2.).
Abstract: It describes genus and species features of snow leopard such as appearance, skull, sizes, phylogenetic links, distribution, geographic variability, biology including number, habitat, refuges, activity in daylight and night, behavioral patterns, reproduction, enemies and rivals, and practical use of the species.
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Kolosov A.M. (1979). Genus Snow leopards Uncia.
Abstract: It provides description of appearance, distribution, behavioral patterns, and use of snow leopard in the USSR. The predator inhabits the mountains of Central Asia, east of the Amudarya river, along the ridges of Djungar Ala-Tau and Tarbagatai, South Altai, West and East Sayans. Its main food is ungulates, though it also preys on snow-cocks, marmots, small birds, and rodents. Sometimes attacks sheep. It has no enemy other than wolf; its diseases are not studied. Snow leopard is not dangerous for man. The fur-skin is used for making rugs and fur. Less than 1,000 animals are hunted globally. Before 1960, in the USSR less than 120 skins were annually purchased. Its total population is several thousand animals.
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Koshkarev, E. (1997). Has the Snow Leopard Disappeared from Eastern Sayan and Western Hovsogol? In R.Jackson, & A.Ahmad (Eds.), (pp. 96–107). Lahore, Pakistan: Islt.
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Dzhanyspaev, A. D. (1991). Hunting Behavior of the Snow Leopard at the Alma-Atinski Nature Reserve (Vol. ix). Seattle: International Snow Leopard Trust.
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Cunha, S. F. (1997). Hunting of Rare and Endangered Fauna in the Mountains of Post-Soviet Central Asia. In R.Jackson, & A.Ahmad (Eds.), (pp. 110–120). Lahore, Pakistan: Islt.
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Ferguson, D. A. (1997). International Cooperation for Snow Leopard and Biodiversity Conservation: The Government Perspective. In R.Jackson, & A.Ahmad (Eds.), (pp. 178–193). Lahore, Pakistan: Islt.
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