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Author |
Tiwari, M. P., Devkota, B. P., Jackson, R. M., Chhetri, B. B.
K., Bagale, S. |
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Title ![sorted by Title field, descending order (down)](img/sort_desc.gif) |
What Factors Predispose Households in Trans-Himalaya (Central
Nepal) to Livestock Predation by Snow Leopards? |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Animals |
Abbreviated Journal |
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10 |
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2187 |
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1-14 |
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human-snow leopard conflict; livestock predation; Narphu valley; trans-Himalaya |
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Abstract |
Livestock depredation across the trans-Himalaya causes
significant economic losses to pastoralist communities. Quantification
of livestock predation and the assessment of variables associated with
depredation are crucial for designing effective long-term mitigation
measures. We investigated the patterns and factors of livestock
depredation by snow leopards (Panthera uncia) using semi-structured
questionnaires targeting herders in the Narphu valley of the Annapurna
Conservation Area, Nepal. During the two years (2017/18 and 2018/19),
73.9% of the households interviewed (n = 65) lost livestock to snow
leopards, with an annual average loss of two livestock per household. Of
the total depredation attributed to snow leopards, 55.4% were yak
(mainly female: 79%), 31.7% goat, 6.8% sheep, 3.2% horse and 2.8%
cattle. Results from applying Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMMs)
revealed the total number of livestock owned and the number of larger
bodied livestock species as the main explanatory covariates explaining
livestock depredation. Forty-one (41%) of all herders considered snow
leopard’s preference for domestic livestock as the main factor in
livestock predation, whereas only 5% perceived poor herding practice as
the main reason for the loss. Our study found poor and changing herding
practices in the valley, whereby 71% herders reported careful herding as
a solution to snow leopard depredation, and 15% of herders considered
the complete extermination of snow leopards as the best solution to the
problem. Tolerance levels and awareness among herders towards snow
leopard conservation is increasing, mainly due to the Buddhist religion
and strict law enforcement within this protected area. We recommend the
effective implementation of a community-based livestock insurance scheme
to compensate the economic loss of herders due to predation and improved
herding practices as the recommended mitigation measures for ensuring
livestock security and snow leopards’ conservation in the valley. |
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1624 |
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Author |
Singh, J.; Jackson, R. |
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Title ![sorted by Title field, descending order (down)](img/sort_desc.gif) |
Transfrontier conservation areas: Creating opportunities for conservation, peace, and the snow leopard in Central Asia |
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1999 |
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International Journal of Wilderness |
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5 |
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December |
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7-12 |
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SLN @ rana @ |
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1166 |
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Jackson, R.; Hillard, D. |
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Title ![sorted by Title field, descending order (down)](img/sort_desc.gif) |
Tracking the elusive snow leopard |
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Journal Article |
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1986 |
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National Geographic |
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169 |
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792 |
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tracking; Jackson; Hillard; browse; 1190 |
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Document Type: English |
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SLN @ rana @ 101 |
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437 |
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Jackson, R. |
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Threatened wildlife, crop, and livestock depredation and grazing in the Makalu-Barun Conservation Area |
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1990 |
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April |
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1-105 |
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Nepal, Makalu-Barun Conservation Area, grazing, depredation |
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1170 |
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Jackson, R. |
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Threatened Cats of Asia; Snow Leopard |
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1978 |
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Wildlife |
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20 |
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403-405 |
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asia; Nepal; browse; 3120 |
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SLN @ rana @ 42 |
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432 |
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Jackson, R. |
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Third Slims Workshop held in Mongolia |
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Miscellaneous |
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1995 |
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xiii |
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Slims; Mongolia; fieldwork; surveys; Project-snow-leopard; Islt; Macne; McCarthy; hunting; conflict; herders; prey; poaching; predation; gobi; browse; 4570 |
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Islt |
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Seattle |
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Full text at URLJournal Title: Snow Line |
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SLN @ rana @ 445 |
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455 |
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Jackson, R. |
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The Snow Leopard Conservancy, Dedicated to demonstrating innovative, grassroots measures that lead local shepherds to become better stewards of the endangered snow leopard, its prey and habitat |
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2000 |
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livestock-depredation; livestock; herders; conflict; Iucn; enclosures; pens; corrals; trap; poison; hunting; behavior; Ladakh; guard-dogs; Dogs; economics; incentives; compensation; depredation; guard; browse; 4060 |
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Full Text at URL |
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SLN @ rana @ 377 |
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465 |
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Jackson, R., Hillard, D. |
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Title ![sorted by Title field, descending order (down)](img/sort_desc.gif) |
The Snow Leopard Conservancy Year-end report 2002 |
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2002 |
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While the SLC is just two years old, our twenty years of field experience, numerous contacts and well-established professional relationships have enabled us to work as a mature organization. The Wildlife Conservation Network (WCN) has been instrumental in building awareness of the SLC within the community, and in raising $85,000 in individual donations and merchandise sales which comprised 46% of our 2002 operating budget. With our overhead costs kept to a minimum and being substantially underwritten, donor dollars can be used directly and effectively in the field. With our donors and volunteers committed to helping us build our sustainability, we look forward to even greater success in saving snow leopards in partnership with local people. |
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1334 |
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Jackson, R.; Ahlborn, G. |
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The role of protected areas in Nepal in maintaining viable populations of snow leopards |
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1990 |
Publication |
Int.Ped.Book of Snow Leopards |
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6 |
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51-69 |
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Nepal; conservation; management; parks; park; reserve; refuge; protected-area; browse; protected area; protected; area; island-biology-theory; population-limits; habitat; suitability; 3040 |
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Full text at URL |
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SLN @ rana @ 165 |
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444 |
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Ale, S., Thapa, K., Jackson, R., Smith, J.L.D. |
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Title ![sorted by Title field, descending order (down)](img/sort_desc.gif) |
The fate of snow leopards in and around Mt. Everest |
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2010 |
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Cat News |
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53 |
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Autumn |
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19-21 |
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Mt. Everest, Everest, Rolwaling, snow leopard, re-colonize, Nepal |
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Since the early 2000s snow leopards Panthera uncia have re-colonized the southern slopes of Mt. Everest after several decades of extirpation. Are they now beginning to disperse to the adjoining valleys that may serve as habitat corridors linking the Everest region to other protected areas in Nepal? We conducted a cursory survey in autumn 2009 in Rolwaling lying west of Mt. Everest and detected snow leopard presence. We conclude that in these remote valleys snow leopards must rely upon livestock given the low abundance of natural prey, Himalayan tahr. Livestock-rearing is unfortunately declining in the region. Rolwaling requires immediate conservation attention for the continued survival of the endangered snow leopard and other high altitude flora and fauna. |
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1181 |
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Jackson, R.; Roe, J.; Wangchuk, R.; Hunter, D. |
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Title ![sorted by Title field, descending order (down)](img/sort_desc.gif) |
Surveying Snow Leopard Populations with Emphasis on Camera Trapping: A Handbook |
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2005 |
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1-73 |
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snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; populations; population; camera; camera trapping; trapping |
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This handbook provides an introduction to snow leopard population survey techniques, followed by a detailed account of camera trapping methods.During the 2002 through 2004 winter field seasons, the Snow Leopard Conservancy experimented with infrared camera trapping techniques to define a methodology suitable for the high altitude environment.
In 2001 and 2002, much of our time was spent familiarizing ourselves with various infrared camera traps, their operation and setup, and comparing the effectiveness of different models and sensor types. We placed infrared camera traps along frequently used travel corridors at or near scent-sprayed rocks (rock scents) and scrape sites within 16 km2 sampling cells between January and March in 2003 and 2004. A total of 66 and 49 captures of snow leopards were tallied during 2003 and 2004, resulting in an overall capture success of 8.91 and 5.63 individuals per 100 trap-nights, respectively. Capture probabilities ranged from 0.33 to 0.46. Density estimates ranged from 8.49 ± 0.22 individuals per 100 km2 in 2003 to 4.45 ± 0.16 in 2004, with the disparity between years largely attributed to different trapping densities. Snow leopard abundance estimates were calculated using the computer program CAPTURE. |
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The Snow Leopard Conservancy |
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Sonoma, California |
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English version. |
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SLN @ rana @ 1016 |
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474 |
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Jackson, R.; Roe, J.; Wangchuk, R.; Hunter, D. |
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Title ![sorted by Title field, descending order (down)](img/sort_desc.gif) |
Surveying Snow Leopard Populations with Emphasis on Camera Trapping: A Handbook |
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2005 |
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snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; survey; conservation; populations; population; camera; camera trapping; trapping; Chinese |
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Abstract |
This handbook provides an introduction to snow leopard population survey techniques, followed by a detailed account of camera trapping methods.During the 2002 through 2004 winter field seasons, the Snow Leopard Conservancy experimented with infrared camera trapping techniques to define a methodology suitable for the high altitude environment.
In 2001 and 2002, much of our time was spent familiarizing ourselves with various infrared camera traps, their operation and setup, and comparing the effectiveness of different models and sensor types. We placed infrared camera traps along frequently used travel corridors at or near scent-sprayed rocks (rock scents) and scrape sites within 16 km2 sampling cells between January and March in 2003 and 2004. A total of 66 and 49 captures of snow leopards were tallied during 2003 and 2004, resulting in an overall capture success of 8.91 and 5.63 individuals per 100 trap-nights, respectively. Capture probabilities ranged from 0.33 to 0.46. Density estimates ranged from 8.49 ± 0.22 individuals per 100 km2 in 2003 to 4.45 ± 0.16 in 2004, with the disparity between years largely attributed to different trapping densities. Snow leopard abundance estimates were calculated using the computer program CAPTURE. |
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The Snow Leopard Conservancy |
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Sonoma, California |
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Chinese translation. |
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SLN @ rana @ 1015 |
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473 |
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Jackson, R. |
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Title ![sorted by Title field, descending order (down)](img/sort_desc.gif) |
Strange Bedfellows |
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Miscellaneous |
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1997 |
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xv |
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Gps; Camels; browse; 4520 |
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Islt |
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Seattle |
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fulltext at URLJournal Title: Snowline |
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SLN @ rana @ 440 |
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460 |
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Jackson, R. |
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Title ![sorted by Title field, descending order (down)](img/sort_desc.gif) |
SSC Plan for Snow Leopard |
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Miscellaneous |
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1992 |
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physiology; status; distribution; description; behavior; reproduction; mating; breeding; vocalization; gestation; biology; habitat; scrapes; sprays; scat; feces; longevity; homerange; home-range; prey; diet; Cites; Iunc; parks; preserves; reserves; refuge; protected-areas; movements; activity; livestock; herders; depredation; conflict; trade; poaching; hunting; research; captivity; management; zoos; Slims; surveys; transects; browse; home range; home; range; protected area; protected areas; protected; area; areas; 3920; plan; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard |
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Full Text at URL
DRAFT – Revised September 22, 1992 by Rodney Jackson |
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SLN @ rana @ 201 |
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450 |
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Author |
Jackson, R. |
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Title ![sorted by Title field, descending order (down)](img/sort_desc.gif) |
Species Survival Commission Plan for Snow Leopard |
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Miscellaneous |
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Year |
1992 |
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Keywords |
conservation; management; ecology; browse; 2080 |
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Unpub. draft for Cat Specialist Action Plan, IUCN, Gland. |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 192 |
Serial |
449 |
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Author |
Jackson, R. |
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Title ![sorted by Title field, descending order (down)](img/sort_desc.gif) |
Snow Leopards, Local People and Livestock Losses: Finding solutions using Appreciative Participatory Planning and Action (APPA) in the Markha Valley of Hemis National Park, Ladakh, October 6-26, 1999 |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Cat News |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
31 |
Issue |
Autumn |
Pages |
22-23 |
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Keywords |
snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; local; local people; people; livestock; loss; using; participatory; planning; action; valley; Hemis; national; national park; National-park; park; Ladakh |
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Abstract |
Livestock depredation is emerging as a significant issue across the Himalaya, including the Hemis National Park (HNP) in Ladakh. Some consider that this protected area harbors the best snow leopard population in India, but local herders perceive the endangered snow leopard as a serious threat to their livelihood. |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1018 |
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463 |
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Author |
Jackson, R.; Zongyi, W.; Xuedong, L.; Yun, C. |
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Snow Leopards in the Qomolangma Nature Preserve of Tibet Autonomous Region |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
1994 |
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85-95 |
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Keywords |
Qomolangma; protected-area; parks; preserves; refuge; Nepal; Tibet; China; field-study; blue-sheep; scrapes; sprays; scat; feces; pug-marks; sign; transects; interviews; herders; livestock; predation; predator; traps; trapping; habitat; status; distribution; threats; hunting; pelts; skins; fur; coats; poaching; bones; medicine; Cites; conflict; trade; conservation; management; protected area; protected; area; areas; protected areas; field study; field; study; pug marks; blue; sheep; browse; pug; marks; 3490 |
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Islt |
Place of Publication |
Usa |
Editor |
J.L.Fox; D.Jizeng |
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Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Seventh International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 231 |
Serial |
452 |
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Author |
Jackson, R.; Ahlborn, G. |
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Snow Leopards in Nepal-home range and movements |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1989 |
Publication |
National Geographic Res. |
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Volume |
5 |
Issue |
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Pages |
161-175 |
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home-range; behavior; Nepal; browse; home; range; 3190 |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 140 |
Serial |
443 |
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Author |
Jackson, R.M. |
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Snow Leopards in Nepal |
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Journal Article |
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1979 |
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Oryx |
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15 |
Issue |
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191-195 |
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Nepal; status; distribution; conservation; hunting; hunters; poaching; pelts; fur; coat; browse; 2160 |
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Reviews in detail occurence, status, and conservation measures related to snow leopards in Nepal. Estimates 150-300 snow leopards in Nepal. Local hunters can get 10 to 50 US dollars for a pelt |
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Document Type: English |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 50 |
Serial |
477 |
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Author |
Jackson, R. |
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Snow Leopards and Other Wildlife in the Qomolang,a Nature Preserve of Tibet |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
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Year |
1991 |
Publication |
Snow Line |
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ix |
Issue |
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9-12 |
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Keywords |
animal-husbandry; annapurna; bounties; China; depradation; interviews; poaching; population; research; status; survey |
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International Snow Leopard Trust |
Place of Publication |
Seattle |
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SLN @ rana @ 463 |
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448 |
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Author |
Jackson, R.; Ahlborn, G. |
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Snow leopards (Panthera- uncia) in Nepal – home range and movements |
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Journal Article |
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1989 |
Publication |
National Geographic Research |
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5 |
Issue |
2 |
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161-175 |
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Nepal; asia; home-range; movements; Panthera-uncia; snow-leopard; snow leopard; browse; home; range; home range; panthera; panthera uncia; uncia; 840 |
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Addresses:JACKSON R, CALIF INST ENVIRONM STUDIES,SNOW LEOPARD PROJECT,910 K ST,DAVIS,CA 95616 Publisher:NATL GEOGRAPHIC SOC, WASHINGTON Document Type: English |
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SLN @ rana @ 128 |
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441 |
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Jackson, R.M. |
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Snow Leopard: Imperiled Phantom of Pakistan's High Mountains |
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Journal Article |
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1992 |
Publication |
Natura |
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14 |
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1 |
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4-9 |
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Pakistan; browse; 2170 |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 193 |
Serial |
479 |
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Author |
Jack; Jill; Jackson, P.; Wharton, D.; Jackson, R. |
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Snow leopard, Ucia uncia |
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Miscellaneous |
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Slims; status; distribution; habitat; diet; China; Mongolia; Kyrgyzstan; discription; range; conservation; behavior; browse; 4040 |
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Full Text at URL |
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SLN @ rana @ 4 |
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426 |
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Jackson, R., Hunter, D.O. |
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Snow leopard Survey and conservation handbook (First edition) |
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Report |
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1995 |
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1-120 |
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CCT, census, conservation, habitat, method, monitoring, prey, snow leopard, survey, Uncia uncia |
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The objectives of this handbook (First edition) are to provide standard procedures for conducting snow leopard status and distribution surveys; suggest uniform methods for assessing the status and relative abundance of large prey species (ungulates such as blue sheep, argali, markhor, Himalayan tahr, urial, ibex, red deer, and roe deer); offer guidance in evaluating habitat quality and identifying the major environmental factors affecting species welfare; and provide standard forms for reporting the results of these field surveys, and a process for feeding information developed by the International Snow Leopard Trust into Snoe Leopard Information Management System (SLIMS). |
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International Snow Leopard Trust |
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1120 |
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Jackson, R.; Hunter, D.O. |
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Snow Leopard Survey and Conservation Handbook (2nd Edition) |
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Book Whole |
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Year |
1995 |
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surveys; survey; transect; field-study; browse; field study; field; study; 2790 |
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ISLT and National Biological Survey |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 281 |
Serial |
454 |
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