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Author |
Gosselin, S.J.; Loudy, D.L.; Tarr, M.J.; Balistreri, W.F.; Setchell, K.D.; Johnston, J.O.; Kramer, L.W.; Dresser, B.L. |
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Title |
Veno-occlusive disease of the liver in captive cheetah |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1988 |
Publication |
Vet Pathol |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
25 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
48-57 |
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Keywords |
Animal; Feed; analysis; Carnivora; Cheetahs; Female; Hepatic; Veno; Occlusive; Disease; pathology; veterinary; Histocytochemistry; Liver; ultrastructure; Male; Microscopy; Electron; Support; Non-U.S.Gov't; Vitamin A; browse; non; us; gov't; government; 280 |
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Abstract |
Liver tissues from 126 captive cheetah were evaluated by light microscopy and histochemistry; eight animals were evaluated by electron microscopy. The main hepatic lesion, a vascular lesion resembling veno- occlusive disease (VOD) of the liver and characterized by subendothelial fibrosis and proliferation of smooth muscle-like cells in the central veins, was seen in 60% of the sexually mature cheetah. Although this hepatic vascular lesion was seen in cheetah as young as 1 year of age, the most severe lesions, usually associated with liver failure, were found in cheetah between the ages of 6 and 11. There was no sex predisposition, and in approximately 40% of the VOD cases, liver disease was not suspected clinically or at necropsy. VOD was found in other felidae, especially in the snow leopard. High levels of vitamin A in livers, as well as in diets of the cheetah, could be a contributing factor in the development of VOD in some groups of cheetah. |
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0300-9858 |
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Document Type: Eng |
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SLN @ rana @ 127 |
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339 |
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Author |
Grachev, U.A.; Fedosenko, A.K. |
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Title |
Distribution and Numbers of Snow Leopard in Kazakhstan |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
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Year |
1991 |
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Volume |
ix |
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Keywords |
distribution; Tien-Shan; Altai; extinction; status; browse; 4720 |
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Islt |
Place of Publication |
Seattle |
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Full Text at URLJournal Title: Snow Line |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 459 |
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344 |
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Author |
Graham, L.H.; Goodrowe, K.L.; Raeside, J.I.; Liptrap, R.M. |
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Title |
Non-invasive monitoring of ovarian function in several felid species by measurement of fecal estradiol-17-beta and progestins |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1995 |
Publication |
Zoo Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
14 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
223-237 |
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Keywords |
Artificial-Breeding-Program; captive-management; Estradiol-17beta; Pregnancy; Progesterone; Progestin; sexual-behavior; genetics; zoo; medicine; veterinary; snow-leopard; feces; fecal-analysis; snow leopard; artificial; breeding; program; captive; management; Estradiol; 17beta; sexual; behavior; browse; snow; leopard; fecal; analysis; 1390 |
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Abstract |
An extraction and assay procedure to measure fecal estradiol-17-beta and progestin concentrations in several cat species was developed and validated for use for noninvasive monitoring of ovarian function. Fecal samples were collected over a range of 3-20 months from female tigers (three), lions (three), snow leopards (three), cheetahs (two), caracals (two), and domestic cats (five). Samples were extracted with 90% methanol, lipids removed with petroleum ether, and the estradiol and progestins in the methanol measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA). High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) fractionation and subsequent RIA of the fractions indicated that the estradiol-17-beta antiserum cross-reacted primarily with estradiol-17-beta in the feces of lions and tigers and was assumed to be specific for estradiol-17-beta in the feces of other species as well. However, there were several immunoreactive compounds, presumably progesterone metabolites, excreted in the feces which varied both quantitatively and qualitatively among species. The behavior of tigers, lions, cheetahs, and caracals was visually monitored during the collection period and frequency of sexual behaviors was positively correlated with increases in fecal estradiol in all species observed. The mean fecal estradiol-17-beta peaks were as follows: tigers, 128.0 +- 13.1; lions, 186.0 +- 14.8; snow leopards, 136.7 +- 15.9; cheetahs, 140.9 +- 9.0; caracals, 24.5 +- 4.0; and domestic cats 158.9 +- 19.3 ng/gm. Fecal progestin concentrations rose significantly (P lt 0,001) only after breeding or during pregnancy and were as follows: tigers, 5.6 +- 0.6; lions, 1.9 +- 0.1; cheetahs, 8.4 +- 1.1; and caracals, 2.4 +- 0.4 mu-g/gm. Fecal progestins were elevated for one-half to two-thirds of the gestation length during presumed pseudopregnancy but remained elevated throughout successful pregnancies. These results suggest that ovarian function can be monitored noninvasively in the family Felidae by the measurement of fecal estradiol-17-beta and progestin concentrations. |
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Document Type: English |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 279 |
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345 |
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Author |
Green, M.J.B. |
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Title |
Status, distribution and conservation of the Snow leopard in North India |
Type |
Book Chapter |
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Year |
1982 |
Publication |
International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards |
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Pages |
7-10 |
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Keywords |
status; India; conservation; distribution; browse; 2150 |
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Volume ID: 3 |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 62 |
Serial |
346 |
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Author |
Green, M.J.B. |
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Title |
Protected Areas and Snow Leopards: Their Distribution and Status |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
1988 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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3-19 |
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Keywords |
Central Asia; asia; status; distribution; protected-areas; parks; refuge; reserves; browse; 1620 |
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Abstract |
Considerable efforts have been devoted to conserving the snow leopard Panthera uncia in recent years, but progress has inevitably been slow due to the difficulties of studying a sparsely distributed, secretive and endangered species in often isolated mountainous terrain. Although knowledge about the species overall distribution in the highlands of Central Asia still remains fragmenatry, it is important to briefly examine all the available information in order to review measures taken to date to conserve the species through the protected areas network. The purpose of this paper is to examine the distribution and status of protected areas inhabited or visited by snow leopard in relation to the species' distribution and highlight deficiences in the present network. |
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International Snow Leopard Trust and Wildlife Institute of India |
Place of Publication |
India |
Editor |
H.Freeman |
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Notes |
Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Fifth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Srinagar, India |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 116 |
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348 |
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Author |
Green, M.J.B. |
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Title |
Nature Reserves of the Himalaya and the Mountains of Central Asia |
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Book Whole |
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1992 |
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Himalaya; asia; parks; park; refuge; reserve; reserves; protected-areas; browse; protected; areas; 2640 |
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IUCN, Cambridge and Oxford University Press |
Place of Publication |
New Delhi |
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SLN @ rana @ 196 |
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349 |
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Author |
Green, M.J.B. |
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Title |
Protecting the mountains of Central Asia and their snow leopard populations |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
1994 |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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223-239 |
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Keywords |
asia; conservation; distribution; status; habitat; predator; prey; herders; herder; livestock; management; protected- area; parks; park; reserve; refuge; Afghanistan; Bhutan; China; gansu; Qinghai; Sichuan; India; Sikkim; Nepal; Pakistan; Ussr; Russia; Soviet-Union; Kazakhstan; Kirghizia; Tajikistan; Uzbekistan; protected-area; kazakstan; Kirgizia; browse; protected; area; soviet; union; 2060 |
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International Snow Leopard Trust and Chicago Zoological Society |
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Editor |
J.L.Fox; Du Jizeng |
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Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Proceedings of the Seventh International Snow Leopard Symposium. Place of Meeting: Xining, Qinghai, ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 |
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no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 218 |
Serial |
350 |
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Author |
Green, M.J.B.; Zhimbiev, B. |
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Title |
Transboundary Protected Areas and Snow Leopard Conservation |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
1997 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Pages |
194-202 |
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conservation; parks; park; reserve; refuge; snow-leopard; management; Afghanistan; Bhutan; China; Pakistan; Nepal; India; Mongolia; Russia; Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Uzbekistan; habitat; protected-area; kazakstan; snow leopard; browse; protected; area; 3000 |
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Islt |
Place of Publication |
Lahore, Pakistan |
Editor |
R.Jackson and A.Ahmad |
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Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Eighth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Islamabad, PakistanDate of Copyright: 1997 |
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SLN @ rana @ 312 |
Serial |
351 |
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Gripenberg, U.; Blomqvist, L.; Pamilo, P.; Soderlnd, V.; Tarkkanene, A.; Whalberg, C.; Varvio-Aho, S.L.; Virtaranta-Knowles, K. |
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Title |
Multiple Ocular Colomboma (MOC) in Snow Leopards |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
1988 |
Publication |
Hereditas |
Abbreviated Journal |
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103 |
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221-229 |
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medical; veterinary; medicine; colombomas; browse; 4120 |
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Internation Snow Leopard Trust and The Wildlife Institute of India |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
H.Freeman |
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Full text available at URLTitle, Monographic: Fifth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Srinigar, IndiaDate of Copyright: 1988 |
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no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 414 |
Serial |
355 |
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Author |
Gruisen, J.V. |
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Title |
Interaction Between Wild Dogs and Snow Leopards in Ladakh |
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Miscellaneous |
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Year |
1993 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
xi |
Issue |
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Pages |
8 |
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Keywords |
Dogs; Ladakh; India; dhole; predation; scavenging; behavior; browse; 4650 |
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Islt |
Place of Publication |
Seattle |
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Full Text at URLJournal Title: Snow Line |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 452 |
Serial |
357 |
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Author |
Guerrero, D. |
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Title |
Animal behavior concerns & solutions: snow leopard (Uncia uncia) evaluation, zoo |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1998 |
Publication |
Anim.Keepers' Forum |
Abbreviated Journal |
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25 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
56-58 |
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Keywords |
aggressive-behavior; behavior; captive-animal-care; diets; endangered; threatened-species; genetics; handling-methods; intraspecies-relationships; social-behavior; husbandry; zoos; snow leopard; aggressive; captive; Animal; care; threatened; species; handling; methods; intraspecies; relationships; social; browse; 1310 |
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The author offers advice on how a captive-raised snow leopard cub could be acclimated to humans so it could be used as a zoo “ambassador”. The cub had negative experiences with humans and lacked socialization with other animals and conspecifics. Methods of avoiding and redirecting the cub's aggressive behavior are suggested. lgh. |
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Ark Anim., Inc., P.O. Box 1154, Escondido, CA 92033-1154. e-mail: arkabc@arkanimals.com
Document Type: English |
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SLN @ rana @ 338 |
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358 |
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Author |
Guggisberg, C.A.W. |
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Title |
Snow Leopard, Ounce |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
1975 |
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snow-leopard; ounce; history; discovery; taxonomy; snow leopard; browse; 1650 |
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Taplinger Publication Co. Inc. |
Place of Publication |
New York |
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A general brief history of the snow leoaprd
ProCite field [32]: Wild Cats of the World |
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SLN @ rana @ 29 |
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359 |
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Author |
Gurung, C.P. |
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Title |
Ecotourism: Nepal's Experience |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
1997 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Pages |
170-177 |
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Keywords |
tourism; ecotourism; conservation; park; parks; reserve; reserves; refuge; Nepal; development; management; protected-area; browse; protected area; protected areas; protected; area; areas; 2980 |
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Islt |
Place of Publication |
Lahore, Pakistan |
Editor |
R.Jackson; A.Ahmad |
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Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Eighth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Islamabad, PakistanDate of Copyright: 1997 |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 311 |
Serial |
362 |
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Author |
Habibi, K. |
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Title |
The Mammals of Afghanistan: Their Distribution and Status |
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Miscellaneous |
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Year |
1977 |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Afghanistan; snow-leopard; snow leopard; browse; 2470 |
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Abstract |
Notes personal sighting and several reports of other recent sightings of snow leopard in Afganastan. Some comments on its distribution in the country |
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UNDP/FAO Project Field Document AFG/74/016, Kabul.
Date of Copyright: 1977 |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 34 |
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367 |
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Author |
Harris, R.B. |
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Title |
A note on snow leopards and local people in Nangqian County, Southern Qinghai Province |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
1994 |
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Pages |
79-84 |
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Keywords |
China; Qinghai; attitude; local-peoples; herders; livestock; predator; prey; cub; capture; poaching; blue-sheep; Release; grazing; yaks; goats; horses; domestic; ungulates; hunting; bones; fur; pelts; coats; conservation; trapping; protected-area; blue; sheep; browse; local; protected; area; peoples; 3250 |
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Islt |
Place of Publication |
Usa |
Editor |
J.L.Fox; Jizeng, D. |
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Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Seventh International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 |
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no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 223 |
Serial |
371 |
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Author |
Harris, R.B. |
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Title |
Dealing with uncertainty in counts of mountain ungulates |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
1994 |
Publication |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
105-111 |
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Keywords |
ungulates; blue-sheep; argali; tahr; ibex; prey; predator; status; population; asia; blue; sheep; browse; 3260 |
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Islt |
Place of Publication |
Usa |
Editor |
J.L.Fox; Jizeng, D. |
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Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Seventh International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 224 |
Serial |
372 |
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Author |
Hast, M.H. |
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Title |
The larynx of roaring and non-roaring cats |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1989 |
Publication |
J Anat |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
163 |
Issue |
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Pages |
117-121 |
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Keywords |
Animal; Carnivora; anatomy; histology; Cats; Comparative; study; Female; Larynx; physiology; Lions; Male; Vocal; Cords; vocalization; browse; 260 |
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Abstract |
Dissections were made of the larynges of 14 species of the cat family, with representative specimens from all genera. It was found that the vocal folds of the larynx of genus Panthera (with the exception of the snow leopard) form the basic structure of a sound generator well- designed to produce a high acoustical energy. Combined with an efficient sound radiator (vocal tract) that can be adjusted in length, a Panthera can use its vocal instrument literally to blow its own horn with a 'roar'. Also, it is proposed that laryngeal morphology can be used as an anatomical character in mammalian taxonomy. |
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0021-8782 |
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Document Type: eng |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 143 |
Serial |
374 |
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Author |
Hast, M.H. |
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Title |
The Larynx of Roaring and Non-Roaring Cats |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1989 |
Publication |
The Journal of Anatomy |
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Summer |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
veterinary; medicine; Vocal; roaring; sound; browse; 4770 |
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Islt |
Place of Publication |
Seattle |
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Notes |
Full Text At URLJournal Title: Snow Line |
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no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 464 |
Serial |
375 |
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Author |
Heinen, J.T.; Leisure, B. |
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Title |
A new look at Himalayan Fur Trade |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1993 |
Publication |
Oryx |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
27 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
231-238 |
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Keywords |
fur; trade; coat; pelt; poaching; hunting; hunter; browse; 2970 |
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no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 198 |
Serial |
376 |
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Author |
Heinen, J.T.; Metha, J.C. |
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Title |
Conceptual and legal issues in the designation and management of conservation areas in Nepal |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Environmental Conservation |
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Volume |
26 |
Issue |
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Pages |
21-29 |
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Keywords |
Nepal; conservation; protected area; management; browse; 70 |
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Abstract |
The modern era of wildlife and protected area conservation in Nepal began in 1973 with the passage of comprehensive legislation, and has evolved very quickly as new priorities and problems have emerged. Here we explore the legal and managerial development of conservation areas, a recently-defined category of protected area designed to promote conservation through local-level participation and development. A review of the Conservation Area Management Regulations of 1996 shows that there are several potential problems inherent in this designation. As written, the regulations move power from the government to organizations under governmental contract. Thus, management authority largely remains top-down from the standpoint of local users. We also question how well the designation will protect some sensitive wildlife species, since organizations do not have law enforcement authority under Nepalese legislation.
Despite these concerns, there have been several successful conservation area programmes in existence in Nepal since the 1980s and most of the issues addressed are surmountable with the current regulations, providing that several criteria are met. We propose that His Majesty's Government and organizations under contract develop more definitive methods of disbursing funds for local-level projects, and institute social impact assessments. In addition, more attention must be paid to wildlife law enforcement; independent assessments of important wild populations and unique habitats are needed. Finally, we discuss some broader issues that should be better addressed in Nepal and elsewhere, including cross-sectoral coordination within the government. |
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Document Type: English |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 361 |
Serial |
377 |
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Author |
Hillard, D. |
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Title |
Update on the Himalayan Snow Leopard Project |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
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Year |
1985 |
Publication |
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Volume |
No. 8 |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
Nepal; Himalaya; Jackson; collars; research; telemetry; yeowls; roars; mating-call; Langu; cubs; radio; field-work; surveys; tracking; behavior; browse; 4830 |
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Islt |
Place of Publication |
Seattle |
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Notes |
Full Text at URLJournal Title: Snow Line |
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no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 470 |
Serial |
383 |
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Author |
Hillard, D. |
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Title |
Launching a snow leopard study in the Qomolangma Nature Reserve |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1992 |
Publication |
Snow Line |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
10 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
8-9 |
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Keywords |
area; areas; browse; parks; protected; protected-area; protected area; protected areas; Qomolangma; refuge; research; reserve |
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Publisher |
International Snow Leopard Trust |
Place of Publication |
Seattle |
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no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 199 |
Serial |
384 |
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Author |
Hochstrasser, K.; Wachter, E.; Reisinger, P.W.; Greim, M.; Albrecht, G.J.; Gebhard, W. |
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Title |
Amino acid sequences of mammalian kazal-type proteinase inhibitors from salivary glands |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1993 |
Publication |
Comp Biochem Physiol B |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
106 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
103-108 |
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Keywords |
Amino; Acid; Sequence; Animal; Carnivora; Comparative; study; Cysteine; chemistry; Glycosylation; Mink; Molecular; Data; Protease; Inhibitors; Salivary; Proteins; species; Specificity; Submandibular; Gland; Trypsin; Inhibitor; Kazal; Pancreatic; browse; 200 |
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Abstract |
1. The amino acid sequences of bikazins (the double-headed Kazal-type proteinase inhibitors from submandibular glands) isolated from the snow leopard (Unica unica), the European mink (Mustela lutreola), and the European pine marten (Martes martes) were determined. 2. N-terminal domains of bikazins are characterized by a cysteine residue spacing that differs from that of C-terminal domains of bikazins and other Kazal-type proteinase inhibitor domains. 3. N-terminal sequences of bikazins seem to be specific for, and highly conserved within, each Carnivora family. |
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0305-0491 |
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Document Type: eng |
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no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 202 |
Serial |
385 |
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Author |
Hol, E.H.; Marden, T. |
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Title |
Methods for Sampling and Analysis to establish potential exposure of wildlife to persistent contaminants in remote areas |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
1994 |
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Pages |
279-287 |
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Keywords |
ecotoxicological; Himalaya; chemicals; pollution; contaminants; Blood; fur; Hair; scat; excrement; adipose; hair-analysis; browse; analysis; 3300 |
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Islt |
Place of Publication |
Usa |
Editor |
J.L.Fox; D.Jizeng |
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Notes |
Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Seventh International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 |
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no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 225 |
Serial |
386 |
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Author |
Hol, E.H.; Marden, T.B.; Roelke, M.E. |
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Title |
The importance of ecotoxicological research in management of the snow leopard: lessons learned from the Florida panther |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
1994 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
113-125 |
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Keywords |
ecotoxicological; contaminants; pollution; habitat; health; browse; 3310; research; management; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard |
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Publisher |
Islt |
Place of Publication |
Usa |
Editor |
J.L.Fox and D.Jizeng |
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Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Seventh International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 |
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no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 226 |
Serial |
387 |
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