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Author |
Ishunin G.I. |
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Title |
Genus Snow leopard Uncia gray, 1854 |
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Miscellaneous |
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1987 |
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94-97 |
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Uzbekistan; mammals; game species; biology; distribution; practical use; conservation measures.; 6940; Russian |
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It provides data concerning biology, distribution and use game and commercial mammal species in Uzbekistan, and recommends on ways of hunting and initial fur-skin processing. It also describes the matter of conservation and rehabilitation of rare species' populations. From 1930-s to 1960-s over 20 snow leopard skins were reported to be traded officially. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Game animals of Uzbekistan. |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 672 |
Serial ![sorted by Serial field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
418 |
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Author |
Jack, R. |
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Title |
DNA Testing and GPS positioning of snow leopard (Panthera uncia) genetic material in the Khunjerab National Park Northern Areas, Pakistan |
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Report |
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2008 |
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1-15 |
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project; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; network; conservation; program; Dna; Gps; panthera; panthera uncia; Panthera-uncia; uncia; Khunjerab; Khunjerab-National-Park; national; national park; National-park; park; areas; area; Pakistan; protection; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards; local; local people; people; information; number; range; Animals; Animal; study; distribution; management; professional; techniques; capture; use; field; country; China; border; work; art; Gis; Forest; manage; Wwf; maps; map; location; training; research; mountain |
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The protection of Snow Leopards in the remote and economically disadvantaged Northern Areas of Pakistan needs local people equipped with the skills to gather and present information on the number and range of individual animals in their area. It is important for the success of a conservation campaign that the people living in the area are engaged in the conservation process. Snow Leopards are elusive and range through inhospitable terrain so direct study is difficult. Consequently the major goals for this project were twofold, to gather information on snow leopard distribution in this area and to train local university students and conservation management professionals in the techniques used for locating snow leopards without the need to capture or even see the animals. This project pioneered the use of DNA testing of field samples collected in Pakistan to determine the distribution of snow leopards and to attempt to identify individuals. These were collected in and around that country's most northerly national park, the Kunjurab National Park, which sits on the Pakistan China border. Though the Northern Areas is not a well developed part of Pakistan, it does possess a number of institutions that can work together to strengthen snow leopard conservation. The first of these is a newly established University with students ready to be trained in the skills needed. Secondly WWF-Pakistan has an office in the main town and a state of the art GIS laboratory in Lahore and already works closely with the Forest Department who manage the national park. All three institutions worked together in this project with WWF providing GIS expertise, the FD rangers, and the university students carrying out the laboratory work. In addition in the course of the project the University of the Punjab in Lahore also joined the effort, providing laboratory facilities for the students. As a result of this project maps have been produced showing the location of snow leopards in
two areas. Preliminary DNA evidence indicates that there is more than one animal in this
relatively small area, but the greatest achievement of this project is the training and
experience gained by the local students. For one student this has been life changing. Due to
the opportunities provided by this study the student, Nelofar gained significant scientific
training and as a consequence she is now working as a lecturer and research officer for the
Center for Integrated Mountain Research, New Campus University of the Punjab, Lahore
Pakistan |
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Project funded by Snow Leopard Network's Snow Leopard Conservation Grant Program. |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1067 |
Serial ![sorted by Serial field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
427 |
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Jafri, R.H.; Shah, F. |
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The role of education and research in the conservation of snow leopard and its habitat in Northern Pakistan |
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1994 |
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273-277 |
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Pakistan; Khunjerab; protected-areas; parks; reserves; refuge; education; ibex; Marco-Polo-sheep; hunting; predator; prey; diet; marmot; activity; Nepal; Chitral-Gol; war; land-use; climate; blue-sheep; home-range; Disease; blue; sheep; browse; Marco-Polo; protected; area; areas; land use; land; 3120 |
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Islt |
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Usa |
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J.L.Fox; D.Jizeng |
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Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Seventh International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 233 |
Serial ![sorted by Serial field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
482 |
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Jalanka, H.H.; Roeken, B. |
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The use of Medetomidine, Medetomidine-Ketamine combinations, and Atipamezole in nondomestic mammals: A review |
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1990 |
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Journal-of-Zoo-and-Wildlife-Medicine |
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21 |
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3 |
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259-282 |
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use; medetomidine; atipamezole; mammals |
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The recent development of potent and specifica lphar-adrenoceptoar gonistsa nd antagonists has enhanced their use in nondomestic animal immobilization and reversal. Medetomidine, a new potent alphar-agonist, in combination with the dissociative anesthetic ketamine, has been used to immobilize a variety of nondomestic mammals. Medetomidine alone induces sedation in a dose-dependent way, and complete immobilization has been achieved with high doses in semidomesticated reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) and blue foxes (Alopex lagopus). Howbver, we feel that ketamine should be added to the immobilization mixture to ensure complete immobilization and operator safety. In ketamine combinations, medetomidine doses are usually 60-100 pg/kg. The required ketamine doses are remarkably low:0.8-1.6 mglkg in most ruminants,2.5-3.0 mgUgin felids,u rsids,a nd canids,a nd 5.G-8.0m glkgi n primates,w olverines(Gulog ulo),ando therm uitelids. Clinically, the resulting immobilization is characterized by a smooth onset, good to excellent myorelaxation, and areflexia at higher doses. Determinations of hematologic, serum biochemicil, arterial blood gas,a nd acid-bases tatusp arametersi ndicate that the immobilization is physiologically sound. We have had no fatalities attributable to the immobilization mixture ( I ,240 immobilizations). The alphar-adrenoceptora ntagonist,a tipamezole,i s highly efective in reversingt he immobilization induced by medetomidine, medetomidine-ketamine combinations, or xylazine. In ruminants, the medetomidine-ketamine-induced immobilization can be rapidly and persistently reversed by administering 100-l 50 1rg/kg of alipamezole i.v. and the rest s.c., adjusting the total atipamezole dose to an atipamezole: medetomidine ratio of approximately 4-5 (w/w). Becauseth e required ketamine doses are relatively high in carnivores, we prefer to use a lower atipamezole dose (totil atipamezoie: medetomidine ratio approximately 2-3 w/w) and to administer it i.m. or s.c. Using thii regimen, reversals are calm and animals show minimal “residual ketamine effect.” Because atipamezole is a competitive antagonist, its dose should be reduced if it is administered late in the immobilization period when a large part of medetomidine has been endogenously metabolized. Xylazine-induced immobilization is rapidly reversed by I mg of atipamezole for every 8-12 mg of xylazine used. |
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American Association of Zoo Veterinarians |
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SLN @ rana @ 1081 |
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486 |
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Author |
Joost van der Ven |
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Title |
Western Tien Shan: nature as it is |
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2002 |
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51-67 |
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Western Tien Shan; biodiversiry; sustainable use; trophy hunt; endangered species; snow leopard.; 7010; Russian |
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Some ideas of biodiversity conservation in the West Tien Shan (first of all large mammals such as ibex, moral, brown bear, and snow leopard) including an idea of limited trophy hunt are discussed. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Biodiversity of the West Tien Shan. Status and perspectives. |
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SLN @ rana @ 679 |
Serial ![sorted by Serial field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
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Author |
Kaletskiy A.A. |
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May-“traven” |
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1974 |
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60-75 |
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Ussr; flora; fauna; snow leopard; use.; 7040; Russian |
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Diverse flora and fauna and seasonal phenomena in nature are stated in a popular form. Snow leopard is noticed to be a rare species, its population being significantly influenced by catching for zoos: over 400 snow leopards have been caught for this purpose over the last 35 years. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Kaleidoscope of naturalist. |
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SLN @ rana @ 682 |
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511 |
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Author |
Kolosov A.M. |
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Genus Snow leopards Uncia |
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1979 |
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150-151 |
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Ussr; snow leopard; systematic position; life-history; distribution; number; preys; practical use.; 7220; Russian |
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It provides description of appearance, distribution, behavioral patterns, and use of snow leopard in the USSR. The predator inhabits the mountains of Central Asia, east of the Amudarya river, along the ridges of Djungar Ala-Tau and Tarbagatai, South Altai, West and East Sayans. Its main food is ungulates, though it also preys on snow-cocks, marmots, small birds, and rodents. Sometimes attacks sheep. It has no enemy other than wolf; its diseases are not studied. Snow leopard is not dangerous for man. The fur-skin is used for making rugs and fur. Less than 1,000 animals are hunted globally. Before 1960, in the USSR less than 120 skins were annually purchased. Its total population is several thousand animals. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Biology of game animals in the USSR. |
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SLN @ rana @ 700 |
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549 |
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Lutz, H.; Isenbugel, E.; Lehmann, R. |
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Retrovirus serology in snow leopards and other wild felids in European zoos |
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1994 |
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203-208 |
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veterinary; medicine; retrovirus-serology; retoviruses; pathogens; leukemia; spumavirus; anemia; neoplasia; immune-suppression; gingivitus; browse; retrovirus serology; retrovirus; serology; immune suppression; immune; suppression; 3460 |
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Islt |
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Usa |
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J.L.Fox; D.Jizeng |
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Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Seventh International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 |
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SLN @ rana @ 243 |
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McCarthy, T. |
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Ecology and Conservation of Snow Leopards, Gobi Brown Bears, and Wild Bactrian Camels in Mongolia |
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2000 |
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snow leopard; Uncia uncia; Mongolia; radio-collar; habitat use; movements; ecology; wild camel; brown bear; 5340 |
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Snow leopard ecology, distribution and abundance in Mongolia were studied between 1993 and 1999. I placed VHF and satellite radio-collars on 4 snow leopards, 2 males and 2 females, to determine home ranges, habitat use, movements, and activity. Home ranges of snow leopards in Mongolia were substantially larger than reported elsewhere. Males ranged over 61 – 142 km2 and female 58 to 1,590 km2. Cats had crepuscular activity patterns with daily movements averaging 5.1 km. Intraspecific distances averaged 1.3 km for males to 7.8 km for males. Leopards selected moderately to very-broken habitat with slopes > 20o, in areas containing ibex. Leopard distribution and abundance was determined using sign surveys. Leopard range in Mongolia is approximately 103,000 km2 but cats are not uniformly distributed within that range. High-density areas include the eastern and central Transaltai Gobi and the northern Altai ranges. Relative leopard densities compared well with relative ibex densities on a regional basis. A snow leopard conservation plan was drafted for Mongolia that identifies problems and threats, and provides an action plan. Wild Bactrian camels occur in the Great Gobi National Park (GGNP) and are thought to be declining due to low recruitment. I surveyed camels by jeep and at oases, observing 142 (4.2% young) and 183 (5.3% young) in 1997 and 1998. Current range was estimated at 33,300 km2. Some winter and calving ranges were recently abandoned. Track sizes and tooth ages from skulls were used to assess demographics. A deterministic model was produced that predicts camel extinction within 25 to 50 years under current recruitment rates and population estimates. Gobi brown bears are endemic to Mongolia and may number less than 35. Three population isolates may occur. I collected genetic material from bears at oases using hair traps. Microsatellite analyses of nuclear DNA determined sixteen unique genotypes, only two of which occurred at more than one oases. Genetic diversity was very low with expected heterozygosity = 0.32, and alleles per locus = 2.3. Mitochondrial DNA sequences were compared to other clades of brown bear and found to fall outside of all known lineages. |
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Ph.D. thesis |
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University of Massachusetts, Amherst |
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SLN @ rana @ 519 |
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Author |
Meiers, S.T. |
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Habitat use by captive puma (Felis concolor) and snow leopards (Pathera uncia) at the Lincoln Park Zoo, Chicago, Illinois |
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1992 |
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habitat; habitat use; use; captive; felis; Felis-concolor; concolor; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; uncia; park; zoo; 1990; observations; panthera; panthera uncia; Panthera-uncia; zoological; zoological gardens; zoological-gardens; gardens; behavior; species; Time budget; dens; Identity; Animals; Animal; non; Cats; cat; location; relief |
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Between May 1990 and January 1991, behavioral observations were made of two captive pumas (Felis concolor Linnaeus), and two captive snow leopards (Panthera uncia Schreber) in their outdoor exhibits at the Lincoln Park Zoological Gardens, Chicago, Illinois. Behaviors compared within and between species included: 1) time spend in the different habitat types; 2) time budgets for the different behaviors: laying, moving, sitting, standing, crouching, in the tree, drinking, urinating, defecating, within their inside dens, and “behavior not determined” when the identity or behavior of the individuals could not be determined; and 3) mobility of the animals within their exhibits. Also examined were: 4) preferences for different habitat types; 5) recommendations for future exhibit designs. Both species located themselves within their exhibits in a non-random manner. The majority of cats' time was spent in elevated locations (i.e., gunite ledges approximately 1-5.5 m above ground-level). Snow leopards exhibited this tendency to a greater extent than did the pumas. Both species also spent the majority of their time in the lying-down behavior; again snow leopards displayed this tendency significantly more than the pumas. Pumas were highly mobile and changed locations and behaviors in their exhibit significantly more than the snow leopards. No significant differences were noted between conspecifics in regard to habitat type preference, or mobility within the exhibit. Suggestions for future exhibit design include elevated locations for the cats to lay and look around within and outside their exhibits, caves for access to shade or relief from inclement weather, and ground surfaces to move about on. Features for exhibit design should take into consideration the natural habitat of the cat to occupy the exhibit. |
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Ph.D. thesis |
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DePaul University |
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A thesis submitted to the faculty of the Department of Biological Sciences in partial fulfillment of the degree requirements for the degree of Master of Science at DePaul University. |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1008 |
Serial ![sorted by Serial field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
673 |
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