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Author |
Ahmad, A. |
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Title |
Protection of Snow Leopards through Grazier Communities:Some Examples from WWF-Pakistan's Projects in the Northern Areas |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
1994 |
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Pages |
265-272 |
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Keywords |
conservation; Pakistan; Wwf; world-wildlife-fund; livestock; herders; herder; status; parks; park; reserve; refuge; protected-area; Dir; chitral; predator; prey; grazier; pelt; fur; coat; skin; poaching; Khunjerab; Marco-Polo-sheep; ibex; markhor; hunting; browse; protected; area; sheep; Marco-Polo; 2040 |
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Abstract |
Snow leopards occur near the snow line in northern Pakistan in the districts of Swat, Dir and Chitral of the Northwest Frontier Province (NWFP), Muzaffarabad district in Azad Kashmir and Gilgit and Baltistan districts in the Northern Areas. Although a number of protected areas are present in the form of national parks, wildlife sanctuaries and game reserves (Table 1) where legal protection is available to all wildlife species, including snow leopards, the status of this endangered species is not improving satisfactorily. The reasons are many and range from direct persecution by livestock owners to the less than strict management of protected areas.
Because of remote and inaccessible locations and lack of proper communication with local communities, government officials and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) concerned with conservation find it difficult to obtain statistics on mortality of snow leopards. However, the killing of snow leopards is not uncommon. Because of the close and long-term association between local villagers and snow leopards, it is only through the support and cooperation of these peoples that protection of this endangered species can be assured against most of the existing threats. The effects of such cooperation has been clearly shown through some of the conservation projects of World Wildlife Fund (WWF) – Pakistan. Details of such projects and certain lessons that can be learned from these and similar projects are discussed in this paper. |
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International Snow Leopard Trust |
Place of Publication |
Usa |
Editor |
J.L.Fox; D.Jizeng |
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English |
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Full text available at URLTitle, Monographic: Proceedings of the Seventh International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 209 |
Serial  |
40 |
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Author |
Ahmad, A. |
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Title |
Community-Based Natural Resources Management in Northern Pakistan |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
1997 |
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Pages |
148-154 |
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Keywords |
conservation; livestock; Wwf; Pakistan; herders; herder; snow-leopard; management; Marco-Polo-sheep; grazing; ibex; park; parks; reserve; reserves; refuge; Khunjerab; hunting; hunter; skin; pelt; fur; coat; protected-area; snow leopard; browse; 2950 |
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Islt |
Place of Publication |
Lahore, Pakistan |
Editor |
R.Jackson and A.Ahmad |
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English |
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Full text at URLTitle, Monographic: Eighth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Islamabad, IndiaDate of Copyright: 1997 |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 299 |
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41 |
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Author |
Ahmad, I.; Hunter, D.O.; Jackson, R. |
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Title |
A Snow Leopard and Prey Species Survey in Khunjerab National Park, Pakistan |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
1997 |
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92-95 |
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Slims; Islt; Wwf; predator; prey; Pakistan; Khunjerab; parks; park; reserve; reserves; refuge; Marco-Polo-sheep; blue-sheep; surveys; survey; transect; sighn; markings; marking; scrape; spray; ibex; tracks; pug marks; feces; livestock; kill; herder; herders; protected-area; blue; sheep; browse; international snow leopard trust; world wildlife fund; marco polo sheep; marco polo; pug; marks; protected area; protected areas; protected; area; areas; 2810 |
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Islt |
Place of Publication |
Lahore, Pakistan |
Editor |
R.Jackson; A.Ahmad |
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English |
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Title, Monographic: Eighth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Islamabad, PakistanDate of Copyright: 1997 |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 300 |
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42 |
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Author |
Anonymous |
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Title |
Resolutions Conservation of Snow Leopard, Seventh International Snow Leopard Symposium |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
1994 |
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329-331 |
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Keywords |
resolutions; conservation; management; Khunjerab; Taxkorgan; Sagarmatha; Makalu-Barun; Qomolangma; Transboundry; protected-areas; parks; reserves; refuge; Nepal; Tibet; China; Pakistan; Cites; Slims; eco-development; livestock; herders; conflict; siberia; gobi; Altay; Altai; Mongolia; Arksai; Liqaru; Arba; Ganzi; Baoxin; pollution; pesticides; toxicity; cooperation; status; zoos; zoological-gardens; browse; protected; area; areas; protected area; protected areas; eco development; eco; development; zoological; gardens; zoological gardens; 3530 |
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Islt |
Place of Publication |
Usa |
Editor |
J.L.Fox; D.Jizeng |
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Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Seventh International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 214 |
Serial |
82 |
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Author |
Ferguson, D.A. |
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Title |
International Cooperation for Snow Leopard and Biodiversity Conservation: The Government Perspective |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
1997 |
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Pages |
178-193 |
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Keywords |
snow leopard; biodiversity; management; development; India; Pakistan; conservation; hunting; poaching; hunter; pelt; skin; fur; coat; livestock; habitat; herder; herders; Ussr; park; parks; reserves; reserve; refuge; Slims; field study; survey; surveys; transects; transect; Khunjerab; protected area; browse; U.S.S.R.; 2990 |
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Islt |
Place of Publication |
Lahore, Pakistan |
Editor |
R.Jackson; A.Ahmad |
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Notes |
full text available at URL Title, Monographic: Eighth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Islamabad, PakistanDate of Copyright: 1997 |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 210 |
Serial |
274 |
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Author |
Fox, J.L. |
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Title |
A review of the status and ecology of the snow leopard (Panthera uncia) |
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Miscellaneous |
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Year |
1989 |
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status; ecology; distribution; browse; behavior; Russia; China; Mongolia; Soviet-Union; Pakistan; India; Nepal; Afganastan; Bhutan; mating; sexual-behavior; research; surveys; scrapes; sprays; habitat; 2050 |
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Full Text at URL |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 137 |
Serial |
294 |
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Author |
Fox, J.L. |
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Title |
Snow leopard conservation in the wild – a comprehensive perspective on a low density and highly fragmented population |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
1994 |
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Pages |
3-15 |
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Keywords |
conservation; habitat; distribution; range; tibetan-plateau; Himalaya; Taklimakan-desert; Karakoram; Hindu-kush; Pamir; Kun-Lun; Tien-Shan; Altay; Cites; status; Afghanistan; Bhutan; China; India; Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Mongolia; Nepal; Pakistan; Russia; Tajikistan; Uzbekistan; protected-area; parks; park; reserve; refuge; research; management; kazakstan; browse; tibetan; plateau; taklimakan; desert; hindu; protected; area; 2630 |
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Islt |
Place of Publication |
Usa |
Editor |
J.Fox; J.Du |
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Full text available at URLTitle, Monographic: Seventh International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 216 |
Serial |
304 |
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Author |
Fuller, S.; Ahmed, J. |
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Title |
Opportunities for Transfrontier Protected Areas in Northern Pakistan |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
1997 |
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204-215 |
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Pakistan; parks; park; reserve; reserves; refuge; hunting; Hindu-kush; Khunjerab; ibex; livestock; predator; prey; herders; herder; Wwf; protected-area; browse; world wildlife fund; protected; area; areas; 3050 |
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Islt |
Place of Publication |
Lahore, Pakistan |
Editor |
R.Jackson; A.Ashiq |
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Full Text Available at URLTitle, Monographic: Eighth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Islamabad, PakistanDate of Copyright: 1997 |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 396 |
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328 |
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Author |
Green, M.J.B. |
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Title |
Protecting the mountains of Central Asia and their snow leopard populations |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
1994 |
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223-239 |
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asia; conservation; distribution; status; habitat; predator; prey; herders; herder; livestock; management; protected- area; parks; park; reserve; refuge; Afghanistan; Bhutan; China; gansu; Qinghai; Sichuan; India; Sikkim; Nepal; Pakistan; Ussr; Russia; Soviet-Union; Kazakhstan; Kirghizia; Tajikistan; Uzbekistan; protected-area; kazakstan; Kirgizia; browse; protected; area; soviet; union; 2060 |
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Publisher |
International Snow Leopard Trust and Chicago Zoological Society |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
J.L.Fox; Du Jizeng |
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Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Proceedings of the Seventh International Snow Leopard Symposium. Place of Meeting: Xining, Qinghai, ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 218 |
Serial |
350 |
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Author |
Green, M.J.B.; Zhimbiev, B. |
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Title |
Transboundary Protected Areas and Snow Leopard Conservation |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
1997 |
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194-202 |
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Keywords |
conservation; parks; park; reserve; refuge; snow-leopard; management; Afghanistan; Bhutan; China; Pakistan; Nepal; India; Mongolia; Russia; Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Uzbekistan; habitat; protected-area; kazakstan; snow leopard; browse; protected; area; 3000 |
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Islt |
Place of Publication |
Lahore, Pakistan |
Editor |
R.Jackson and A.Ahmad |
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Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Eighth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Islamabad, PakistanDate of Copyright: 1997 |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 312 |
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351 |
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Author |
Hunter, D.O. |
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Title |
GIS Tracks the Snow Leopard |
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Miscellaneous |
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Year |
1991 |
Publication |
Snow Line |
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ix |
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3-5 |
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Keywords |
annapurna; chitral; Chundawat; Gis; Hemis; Hillard; Jackson; Ladakh; Mapping; Matthiessen; Nepal; Pakistan; Schaller; Tibet |
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International Snow Leopard Trust |
Place of Publication |
Seattle |
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SLN @ rana @ 461 |
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394 |
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Author |
Hunter, D.O.; Jackson, R.; Freeman, H.; Hillard, D. |
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Title |
Project snow leopard: a model for conserving central Asia biodiversity |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
1994 |
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247-252 |
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Keywords |
conservation; habitat; Himalaya; parks; reserves; park; reserve; refuge; survey; methods; Slims; education; protected-area; anthropogenic-degradation; asia; China; Bhutan; India; Pakistan; Nepal; Afghanistan; Mongolia; Russia; Ussr; Soviet-Union; Kazakhstan; Kirghizstan; Tajikistan; Uzbekistan; Project-snow-leopard; network; preybase; Islt; Usfws; Ners; Information-Network; kazakstan; browse; protected; area; anthropogenic; degradation; soviet; union; project; snow; leopard; international snow leopard trust; information; 2660 |
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Publisher |
International Snow Leopard Trust |
Place of Publication |
Usa |
Editor |
J.Fox; D.Jizeng |
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Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Seventh International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994. |
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SLN @ rana @ 220 |
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395 |
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Author |
Hunter, D.O.; Jackson, R. |
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Title |
A Range-Wide Model of Potential Snow Leopard Habitat |
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Conference Article |
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1997 |
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51-56 |
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habitat; Gis; Afghanistan; Bhutan; China; India; Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Mongolia; Burma; Myanmar; Nepal; Pakistan; Russia; Tajikistan; Uzbekistan; parks; protected-area; kazakstan; browse; protected; area; 2620 |
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Islt |
Place of Publication |
Lahore, Pakistan |
Editor |
R.Jackson; A.Ahmad |
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Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Eight International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Islamabad, PakistanDate of Copyright: 1997 |
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SLN @ rana @ 313 |
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396 |
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Author |
Hussain, I. |
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Title |
Conserving Biodiversity through Institutional Diversity: Concept Paper |
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Miscellaneous |
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Year |
1999 |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Iunc; status; distribution; Baltistan; Pakistan; herders; farmers; conservation; killing; poaching; conflict; livestock; predator; prey; retaliatory-killing; economy; corral; capture; trapping; Project-snow-leopard; ecotourism; tourism; compensation; markhor; trekking; browse; retaliatory; 3910 |
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Full Text at URL |
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SLN @ rana @ 362 |
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397 |
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Author |
Hussain, S. |
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Title |
Shafqat Hussain Research Proposal for Pakistan |
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Miscellaneous |
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Pakistan; Iucn; predation; predator; prey; livestock; conflict; herders; surveys; interviews; herding-techniques; browse; herding techniques; herding; techniques; 3900 |
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Full Text at URL |
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SLN @ rana @ 3 |
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398 |
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Author |
Inayat, S.; Khan, A. |
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Title |
Identifying Womens Roles in Snow Leopard Conservation |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
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Year |
1998 |
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xvi |
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3 |
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Pakistan; conservation; surveys; women; Gender; livestock; awareness; browse; 4480 |
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Islt |
Place of Publication |
Seattle |
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Full Text at URLJournal Title: Snow Line |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 436 |
Serial |
403 |
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Author |
Inayat, S. |
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Title |
Role of Women In Conservation of Snow Leopard In Pakistan |
Type |
Conference Article |
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2002 |
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snow; leopard; women; womens; conservation; conflict; herders; economic; loss; Pakistan; Female; 4950 |
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Abstract |
Generally speaking, men and women are the two wheels of the same vehicle. Women's
participation and involvement in the conservation of snow leopards is as indispensable as it is to
any other discipline. Unfortunately, their dual role was not exploited and so the involvement of
women in nature conservation is considered almost inappropriate and not up to the mark.
Mountainous people still live with their centuries old traditions and culture. Although with the
passage of time they are leaning towards modernization, still most of them are associated with
the centuries-old tradition of keeping livestock. These people take their livestock to the pastures
and thus share in the snow leopard's habitat. A large number of livestock grazing in the snow
leopard's habitat attracts this opportunistic animal to attack domestic animals. This is the point
where the conflict between snow leopards and livestock owners starts, with the snow leopard
killed in retaliation. Snow leopard depredation causes economic losses to the herders and
women, being the managers of the house, take the maximum impact. Keeping this fact in view,
a study was undertaken in the two demonstration sites of the snow leopard project in Chitral and
Gilgit. A specific questionnaire was used and information was collected from all the women
herders in the two demo sites. The study revealed that women have positive attitudes toward and
feel love for this precious animal. |
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Islt |
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Islt |
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Title, Monographic: Proceedings of the Snow Leopard Survival SummitPlace of Meeting: Seattle,WA |
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no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 481 |
Serial |
404 |
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Author |
International Snow Leopard Trust |
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Title |
International Snow Leopard Trust, Conservation and Education Program for 1999 |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
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Year |
1999 |
Publication |
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Keywords |
education; conservation; livestock; corrals; pens; predator; prey; poaching; hunting; depredation; Dna; Mongolia; Macne; Slims; gobi; Tibet; Qomolangma; Nepal; Bhutan; China; Afghanistan; India; Pakistan; Wwf; browse; 4030 |
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Full Text at URL |
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no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 365 |
Serial |
406 |
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Author |
Izold, J. |
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Title |
Snow Leopard Enterprise: a conservation project that saves an endangered species and supports needy families |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Anim.Keepers' Forum |
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Volume |
9 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
359-364 |
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Keywords |
snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; conservation; project; endangered; endangered species; endangered-species; species; Support; union; uncia; Uncia uncia; Uncia-uncia; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards; wild; Iucn; Animals; Animal; tiger; extinction; former; zoo; Freeman; trust; work; cat; community-based; projects; Sle; impact; poverty; community; Mongolia; Kyrgyz; Kyrgyz-Republic; republic; Pakistan; 300; economic; incentives; prey; sustainable; herding; number; territory; income; training; products; wool; local; local people; people; zoos; Woodland-Park-Zoo; park; zoological; ecosystem |
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Abstract |
The World Conservation Union listed the snow leopard (Uncia uncia) as endangered in 1974. With as few as 3,500 snow leopards left in the wild, scientists placed the snow leopard on the IUCN Red List of critically endangered species shared by animals such as the giant panda and tiger. In an effort to save the snow leopard from extinction, former zoo employee Helen Freeman founded the Snow Leopard Trust in 1981. The Snow Leopard Trust works to save this elusive cat by incorporating community-based conservation projects. One of these project Leopard Enterprise (SLE), impacts poverty stricken communities in Mongolia, Kyrgyz Republic, and Pakistan. It assists over 300 families in its conservation efforts. The economic incentives provided via SLE have led participating communities not to harm the snow leopard or its prey, and to practice sustainable herding. Since the project began in 1997, the number of snow leopards harmed around the communities' territories has dropped to near zero. Additionally, the annual income of families that utilize the benefits of SLE has increased by 25% to 40%. SLE creates this economic benefit by providing the training and equipment necessary to make desirable products from the wool of herd animals. Snow Leopard Trust then purchases these handicraft items from the local people and them globally. Zoos can expand their conservation efforts by simply offering these items in their gift shops. Woodland Park Zoo (WPZ) was the first zoological institution to sell the products, and WPZ continues to generate revenue from them. SLE is a golden opportunity for zoos to increase revenue, assist poor families, and save an endangered species and fragile ecosystem. |
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American Association of Zoo Keepers |
Place of Publication |
Topeka, Kansas |
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Author from Cleveland Metroparks Zoo, Cleveland, OH, USA |
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no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 976 |
Serial |
425 |
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Author |
Jack, R. |
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Title |
DNA Testing and GPS positioning of snow leopard (Panthera uncia) genetic material in the Khunjerab National Park Northern Areas, Pakistan |
Type |
Report |
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Year |
2008 |
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1-15 |
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project; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; network; conservation; program; Dna; Gps; panthera; panthera uncia; Panthera-uncia; uncia; Khunjerab; Khunjerab-National-Park; national; national park; National-park; park; areas; area; Pakistan; protection; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards; local; local people; people; information; number; range; Animals; Animal; study; distribution; management; professional; techniques; capture; use; field; country; China; border; work; art; Gis; Forest; manage; Wwf; maps; map; location; training; research; mountain |
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Abstract |
The protection of Snow Leopards in the remote and economically disadvantaged Northern Areas of Pakistan needs local people equipped with the skills to gather and present information on the number and range of individual animals in their area. It is important for the success of a conservation campaign that the people living in the area are engaged in the conservation process. Snow Leopards are elusive and range through inhospitable terrain so direct study is difficult. Consequently the major goals for this project were twofold, to gather information on snow leopard distribution in this area and to train local university students and conservation management professionals in the techniques used for locating snow leopards without the need to capture or even see the animals. This project pioneered the use of DNA testing of field samples collected in Pakistan to determine the distribution of snow leopards and to attempt to identify individuals. These were collected in and around that country's most northerly national park, the Kunjurab National Park, which sits on the Pakistan China border. Though the Northern Areas is not a well developed part of Pakistan, it does possess a number of institutions that can work together to strengthen snow leopard conservation. The first of these is a newly established University with students ready to be trained in the skills needed. Secondly WWF-Pakistan has an office in the main town and a state of the art GIS laboratory in Lahore and already works closely with the Forest Department who manage the national park. All three institutions worked together in this project with WWF providing GIS expertise, the FD rangers, and the university students carrying out the laboratory work. In addition in the course of the project the University of the Punjab in Lahore also joined the effort, providing laboratory facilities for the students. As a result of this project maps have been produced showing the location of snow leopards in
two areas. Preliminary DNA evidence indicates that there is more than one animal in this
relatively small area, but the greatest achievement of this project is the training and
experience gained by the local students. For one student this has been life changing. Due to
the opportunities provided by this study the student, Nelofar gained significant scientific
training and as a consequence she is now working as a lecturer and research officer for the
Center for Integrated Mountain Research, New Campus University of the Punjab, Lahore
Pakistan |
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Notes |
Project funded by Snow Leopard Network's Snow Leopard Conservation Grant Program. |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1067 |
Serial |
427 |
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Author |
Jackson, P. |
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Title |
The Status of Felids in the Wild |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
1988 |
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249-253 |
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endangered-species; status; Bangladesh; Bhutan; Burma; China; India; Nepal; Pakistan; conservation; browse; endangered; species; 1820 |
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International Snow Leopard Trust and the Wildlife Institute of India |
Place of Publication |
India |
Editor |
H.Freeman |
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Full text available at URLTitle, Monographic: Fifth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Srinagar, IndiaDate of Copyright: 1988 |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 124 |
Serial |
428 |
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Author |
Jackson, P. |
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Title |
The Snow Leopard: A Flagship for Biodiversity in the Mountains of Central Asia |
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1997 |
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3-7 |
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Afghanistan; Bhutan; China; India; kazakstan; Kyrgyzstan; Mongolia; Nepal; Pakistan; Russia; Tajikistan; Uzbekistan; ecology; distribution; parks; park; reserve; status; refuge; habitat; herders; biodiversity; herder; livestock; prey; protected-area; Kazakhstan; protected; area; browse; 2030 |
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Allied Press |
Place of Publication |
Lahore, Pakistan |
Editor |
R.Jackson |
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Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Eighth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Islamabad, PakistanDate of Copyright: 1997 |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 314 |
Serial |
429 |
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Author |
Jackson, P. |
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Title |
Villagers save predatory snow leopard |
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Journal Article |
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1998 |
Publication |
Cat News |
Abbreviated Journal |
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28 |
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12 |
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Keywords |
conservation education; damage; damage by wildlife; endangered; threatened species; mammals; management; wildlife; human relationships; relocation; goats; livestock; Pakistan; herders; prey; panthera uncia; browse; conservation; education; threatened; species; Human; relationships; panthera; uncia; 570 |
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A short report is presented on the capture and relocation of a snow leopard in northern Pakistan. Villagers discovered the leopard attacking their goats and captured it. WWF-Gilgit relocated the leopard to a remote area. slj. |
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AUTHOR ADDRESS: 1172 Bougy, Switzerland. tel/fax: +41 (021) 808-6012; e-mail: pjackson@iprolink.ch
Document Type: English |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 336 |
Serial |
430 |
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Author |
Jackson, R. |
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Title |
Second SLIMS Workshop Held |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
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Year |
1994 |
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xii |
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Chitral-Gol; Pakistan; Slims; surveys; research; Project-snow-leopard; teqniques; conflict-resolution; training; browse; 4590 |
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Islt |
Place of Publication |
Seattle, WA |
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Full Text at URLJournal Title: Snowline |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 273 |
Serial |
453 |
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Author |
Jackson, R.; Ahmad, A. |
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Title |
Introduction to the Proceedings (8th Snow Leopard Symp) |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
1997 |
Publication |
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Pages |
ix-x |
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Keywords |
Pakistan; livestock; herders; herder; snow-leopard; predator; predation; prey; habitat; status; distribution; snow leopard; browse; 2020 |
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Allied Press |
Place of Publication |
Lahore, Pakistan |
Editor |
R.Jackson; A.Ahmad |
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Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Eighth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Islamabad, PakistanDate of Copyright: 1977 |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 315 |
Serial |
456 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
