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	Author	Gurung, Gand T.K.
	Title	Snow Leopard (Uncia uncia) and Human Interaction in Phoo Village in the Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	2004	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	phoo; annapurna conservation area; Nepal; livestock; human interaction; conflict management; yaks; goats; sheep; horse; corral; 5280
	Abstract	Phoo village in the Annapurna Conservation Area (ACA) in Nepal is located at 4,052 m als physically in the central north of the country. Livestock keeping is the main activity of the people for making a living amidst a conflict with snow leopard (Uncia uncia). Each year snow leopard kills a number of livestock resulting significant economic losses for the poor people living in this remote area. Unless the people – snow leopard conflict is well understood and appropriate conflict management activities are implemented, the long run co-existence between people and snow leopard – especially the existence of snow leopard in this part of the world -will be in question. This has now become an utmost important as the aspiration of the people for economic development has risen significantly and the area has been opened to tourism since spring 2002. In addition to this, the globalisation process has directly and indirectly affected the traditional resource management practices and co-existence strategies of many traditional societies including Phoo. The livestock depredation for 3 years (2001 – 2004) by snow leopard was studied by interviewing the herders to understand the responsible and specific bio-physical and socio-economic factors. The study revealed that goats are most depredated species followed by sheep. Winter months (January – April) and winter pastures are most vulnerable to snow leopard predation. Presence of bushes, forest and boulders make good hides for snow leopard resulting into high depredation. The study also showed that a lax animal guarding system was significantly responsible for high livestock depredation by snow leopard. The study showed that improvement in livestock guarding system should be adopted as the most important activity. However despite the importance of livestock in the economy of Phoo it is still not well understood why the herders neglect for proper livestock guarding. This requires further study. Proper guarding system is required especially in winter season in winter pastures. It is also suggested that there should be changes in the composition of livestock species by promoting more yaks and discouraging or minimising goats. Yaks and large animals are less depredated and small animals like goats and sheep are highly depredated by snow leopard. A trend was also observed in Phoo village where there is an increase in the number of yaks and a decrease in the number of goats over last few years. This could be a management response of the herders to livestock depredation. Other protective measures of the livestock at the corrals have also been recommended including promotion of guard dogs and other measures. Since the area is opened for tourism, it is suggested that the tourism opportunity for the economic development of the area should be grasped so that the heavy dependence on livestock raising would be minimised. This will help minimise the number of human – snow leopard conflicts.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
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	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 513			Serial	363
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	Author	Heiz A.V.
	Title	Snow leopard in Kyrgyzstan and its protection			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1983	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	3	Issue		Pages	92-93
	Keywords	Kyrgyzstan; snow leopard; number; decline; mountain ungulates; livestock; hunting; propaganda; protection.; 6870; Russian
	Abstract	In the year 1970, the quantity of snow leopards in Kyrgyzstan was defined as 1,300 animals, while in the years to follow 1,600 animals were recorded. A snow leopard population has significantly decreased since recently because of intense extermination of snow leopard's prey ungulates, particularly ibex. In some areas of the Kyrgyz ridge livestock is growing in number thus affecting snow leopard population. It is extremely rare that snow leopard would attack livestock. Snow leopards can be caught under special license. Educational and awareness work among shepherds and hunters residing in the mountainous area of the country needs to be improved.
	Address
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	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Rare mammal species of the USSR and their protection.			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 665			Serial	380
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	Author	Hussain, I.
	Title	Conserving Biodiversity through Institutional Diversity: Concept Paper			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1999	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Iunc; status; distribution; Baltistan; Pakistan; herders; farmers; conservation; killing; poaching; conflict; livestock; predator; prey; retaliatory-killing; economy; corral; capture; trapping; Project-snow-leopard; ecotourism; tourism; compensation; markhor; trekking; browse; retaliatory; 3910
	Abstract
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	Notes	Full Text at URL			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 362			Serial	397
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	Author	Hussain, S.
	Title	Shafqat Hussain Research Proposal for Pakistan			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year		Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Pakistan; Iucn; predation; predator; prey; livestock; conflict; herders; surveys; interviews; herding-techniques; browse; herding techniques; herding; techniques; 3900
	Abstract
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	Notes	Full Text at URL			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 3			Serial	398
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	Author	Hussain, S.
	Title	The status of the snow leopard in Pakistan and its conflict with local farmers			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	2003	Publication	Oryx	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	37	Issue		Pages	26-33
	Keywords	Central Karakorum,farmer-wildlife conflict; livestock predation,snow leopard,Uncia uncia,; Western Himalayas.
	Abstract	Between 1998 and 2001 I carried out surveys in four areas in the Baltistan district of the Northern Areas of Pakistan to estimate the population of the snow leopard and to examine the threats to its future conservation. I estimate that a total of 36-50 snow leopards are present in the areas surveyed. Based on the availability of suitable snow leopard habitat and of its prey species, I estimate that 90-120 snow leopards are potentially present in Baltistan and 300-420 throughout its range within Pakistan's borders. Although this estimate is higher than extrapolations based on earlier surveys, the long-term future of the snow leopard is under threat. This is mainly due to retaliatory killings by farmers, and poaching for pelts and other body parts. Species-focused conservation policies, particularly those targeting ungulates for the promotion of trophy hunting, may constitute an additional threat to snow leopard conservation in the region. However, all forms of threats to the snow leopard in Baltistan appear to emanate from the relatively poor economic conditions of the local people.
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	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
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	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 898			Serial	401
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	Author	International Snow Leopard Trust
	Title	International Snow Leopard Trust, Conservation and Education Program for 1999			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1999	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	education; conservation; livestock; corrals; pens; predator; prey; poaching; hunting; depredation; Dna; Mongolia; Macne; Slims; gobi; Tibet; Qomolangma; Nepal; Bhutan; China; Afghanistan; India; Pakistan; Wwf; browse; 4030
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
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	Notes	Full Text at URL			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 365			Serial	406
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	Author	Jackson, R.; Ahlborn, G.
	Title	A preliminary habitat suitability model for the snow leopard, Panthera uncia, in West Nepal			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1984	Publication	International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	4	Issue		Pages	43-52
	Keywords	Nepal; Himalaya; habitat; browse; modeling; predator; prey; diet; reproduction; interspersion; cover; herders; livestock; habitat-suitability-model; Human; 2650
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
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	Notes	Full text available at URL			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 404			Serial	434
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	Author	Jackson, R.; Ahlborn G.; Ale S.; Gurung D.; Gurung M.; Yadav
	Title	Reducing Livestock Depredation in the Nepalese Himalaya: Case of the Annapurna Conservation Area			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1994	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	reducing; livestock; depreadation; nepalese; Himalaya; annapurna conservation area; 2090
	Abstract	In the Nepalese Himalaya, conflict with rural communities due to livestock predation to large carnivores like snow leopard, common leopard, wolf and wild dog has risen sharply in recent years. This increase is attributed to a number of factors, including implementation and enforcement of wildlife protection laws (which have permitted a recovery in carnivore numbers), the creation of protected areas (which serve as refuges from which predators can populate the surrounding area), the depletion of natural prey due to poaching and loss of habitat, and lax livestock herding practices. However, little information is presently available upon which to design remedial programs. U.S. AID provided research funding for an in-depth assessment of snow leopard predation in the Annapurna Conservation Area (ACAP), an new innovative approach to nature conservation. Baseline information on livestock numbers and mortality were gathered during household interviews, followed by field surveys to assess animal husbandry systems, map pastures, establish periods of use and estimate stocking rates, and to characterize habitat using randomly located plots. Data substantiate the existence of depredation “hotspots”, where high loss occurs, in some cases exceeding 14% to 20% of the livestock population over a short period. Losses varied seasonally, and from year to year. Small-bodied stock like goat and sheep were more vulnerable than large-bodied stock like yak, although horses were especially vulnerable. Factors most closely associated with predation included lack of guarding (or very lax supervision), especially during the daytime, and repeated use of pastures where livestock depredators were known to be actively hunting. Herders usually reacted to repeated depredation incidents by attempting to trap or shoot the suspected culprit until losses declined to an acceptable level. As large carnivore populations become increasingly fragmented and genetically isolated, new management strategies are urgently needed, especially within the buffer zones and intervening corridors between separated parks and reserves. People reside within nearly all Himalayan protected areas, and such issues as loss of livestock and competition between wildlife and livestock cannot be avoided. A plan is offered for alleviating livestock loss in the Annapurna Conservation Area that involves local institutions in decision-making, rewards sound husbandry practices, strengthens indigenous institutions, without further eroding ACAP’s unique biological diversity and diverse carnivore population. The authors believe these measures and ideas could be fruitfully extended to other parts of the Himalaya.
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	Notes	Unpublished Report prepared for U.S. Agency for International Development, King Mahendra Trust for Nature Conservation. BioSystems Analysis, Tiburon, California.			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 219			Serial	451
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	Author	Jackson, R.
	Title	Managing people-wildlife conflict in Tibet's Qomolangma National Nature Preserve			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1999	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Qomolangma; livestock; Tibet; predator; predation; prey; protected-areas; parks; reserves; conflict; corrals; pens; depredation; livestock-depredation; browse; livestock depredation; protected; area; areas; protected area; protected areas; 4020
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
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	Notes	Full Text at URLMay 6, 1999Rodney M. Jackson (Author)Contact and Mailing Address: 18030 Comstock Ave,Sonoma, CA 95476Phone (707) 935-3851; Fax 933-9618; E-mail: rodjackson@mountain.org Author's Title: Senior Program Associate for Ecology and Biodiversity Conservation, The Mountain Institute, Dogwood and Main Streets, Franklin, WV 26807; and Conservation Director, International Snow Leopard Trust, Suite 325, 4649 Sunnyside Ave., North, Seattle, WA 98103 Title: Managing people-wildlife conflict in Tibet's Qomolangma National Nature Preserve Key Words: crop damage, wildlife depredation, conflict resolution, Tibet Subject: Managing conflict in protected areasPresentation Type: Oral paper			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 364			Serial	462
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	Author	Jackson, R.
	Title	Snow Leopards, Local People and Livestock Losses: Finding solutions using Appreciative Participatory Planning and Action (APPA) in the Markha Valley of Hemis National Park, Ladakh, October 6-26, 1999			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1999	Publication	Cat News	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	31	Issue	Autumn	Pages	22-23
	Keywords	snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; local; local people; people; livestock; loss; using; participatory; planning; action; valley; Hemis; national; national park; National-park; park; Ladakh
	Abstract	Livestock depredation is emerging as a significant issue across the Himalaya, including the Hemis National Park (HNP) in Ladakh. Some consider that this protected area harbors the best snow leopard population in India, but local herders perceive the endangered snow leopard as a serious threat to their livelihood.
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	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 1018			Serial	463
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	Author	Jackson, R.
	Title	Linking Snow Leopard Conservation and People-Wildlife Conflict Resolution, Summary of a multi-country project aimed at developing grass-roots measures to protect the endangered snow leopard from herder retribution			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2000	Publication	Cat News	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	33	Issue		Pages	12-15
	Keywords	livestock-depredation; livestock; pastoralists; herders; Pakistan; Nepal; Tibet; Mongolia; India; protected-areas; parks; reserves; refuge; snow-leopard-incentive-program; economics; tourism; pens; corrals; enclosures; trapping; poisoning; killing; cubs; dens; retribution; behavior; predator; prey; Qomolangma; habitat; feces; fecal-analysis; compensation; Dogs; guard-dogs; religion; conservation; browse; depredation; snow; leopard; incentive; program; fecal; analysis; guard; Dog; 4000
	Abstract
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	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
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	Notes	Full Text at URL			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 375			Serial	464
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	Author	Jackson, R.
	Title	The Snow Leopard Conservancy, Dedicated to demonstrating innovative, grassroots measures that lead local shepherds to become better stewards of the endangered snow leopard, its prey and habitat			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	2000	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	livestock-depredation; livestock; herders; conflict; Iucn; enclosures; pens; corrals; trap; poison; hunting; behavior; Ladakh; guard-dogs; Dogs; economics; incentives; compensation; depredation; guard; browse; 4060
	Abstract
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	Corporate Author				Thesis
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	Notes	Full Text at URL			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 377			Serial	465
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	Author	Jackson, R.M.; Ahlborn, G.; Gurung, M.; Ale, S.
	Title	Reducing livestock depredation losses in the Nepalese Himalaya			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1996	Publication	Proc.Vertebr.Pest Conf	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	17	Issue		Pages	241-247
	Keywords	damage; damage-by-wildlife; endangered; threatened species; livestock; mammals; management; predator-control; public-relations; wildlife; livestock-relationships; Nepal; asia; herders; conservation; Manang; Khangshar; depredation; conflict; predator; prey; browse; public; threatened; species; control; Relations; 700
	Abstract	The authors investigated livestock depredation patterns of snow leopards on the northern slopes of the Himalayans near the villages of Manang and Khangshar, Nepal. Information is discussed on the relationships among livestock loss, endangered species management, public relations/conservation issues, and cooperative efforts among institutions involved in the decision making process. A plan is devised for alleviating livestock loss and protecting endangered species in the area. pcp
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	Notes	Full Text at URL: ADDRESS: Mountain Inst., Main & Dogwood St., Franklin, WV 26807//“Proceedings Seventeenth Vertebrate Pest Conference-March 5-7, 1996, Rohnert Park, California”; Timm, Robert M.; Crabb, A. Charles, editorsDocument Type: English			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 271			Serial	480
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	Author	Kovshar A.F.
	Title	Snow leopard. Uncia uncia			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1985	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	85-86
	Keywords	Kazakhstan; snow leopard; distribution; diet; wild ibex; argali; number; breeding; poaching; over livestock; nature reserves.; 7400; Russian
	Abstract	In the Soviet Union snow leopard inhabits highlands of Central Asia, Kazakhstan, Altai and the Sayans. In Kazakhstan, this species can be found in Jungara Alatau, Tien Shan, Tarbagatai, Saura, and Altai; formerly was seen at the Karatau ridge. It mostly preys on ibex and argali. The heat time is February April, cubs are born in May June. Its population has decrease because of the initiation of livestock grazing on mountain pastures, poaching, and wild ungulates population shrinkage. This species is protected in Aksu Jabagly and Almaty nature reserves. More nature reserves need to be established in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan.
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	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: In the world of rare animals.			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 718			Serial	584
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	Author	Mallon, D.
	Title	The snow leopard in Ladakh			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1984	Publication	International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	4	Issue		Pages	23-37
	Keywords	Ladakh; India; livestock; herders; tracking; tracks; surveys; sign; distribution; predator; prey; herder; mortality; conservation; status; browse; 2380
	Abstract	Reports on 1 summer survey and four winter surveys covering some 3100 km in Ladakh, India. Reports on snow leopard sign commonly found, distribution, prey, attacks on livestock and peoples reaction, mortality factors and conservation status. Suggest recomendations for preventing unnecessary killing of snow leopards and estimates population of 100 to 200 snow leopards in Ladakh
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
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	Notes	Full text available at URL			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 78			Serial	642
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	Author	McCarthy, T.
	Title	Snow Leopard Conservation Plan for the Republic of Mongolia			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1999	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Mongolia; conservation; legal-status; Iunc; Cites; distribution; status; Altay; gobi; parks; preserves; habitat; reserves; refuge; protected-area; poaching; hunting; trade; furs; pelts; skins; coats; bones; trapping; livestock; herders; killing; habitat-fragmentation; threats; Disease; prey; diet; Mne; laws; education; management; Macne; Wwf; Islt; regulations; monitoring; Slims; tourism; conflict; browse; legal status; legal; protected; area; fragmentation; world wildlife fund; international snow leopard trust; 3890
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
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	Notes	Full Text Available at URL: DRAFT			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 366			Serial	657
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	Author	McCarthy, T.
	Title	Snow leopard conservation project, Mongolia: WWF Project Summary of Field Work			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1999	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	irbis-enterprises; Mongolia; gobi; Altai; Altay; habitat; status; distribution; Uvs; conservation; parks; preserves; refuge; protected-area; herders; livestock; predator; prey; field-work; field-study; field-studies; training; Slims; transects; sign; sprays; scrapes; markings; population; browse; irbis; enterprises; protected; area; field work; field; work; field study; study; 3870
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	Notes	Full Text at URL: Project No. MN0004.01, reporting period 1998-1999			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 367			Serial	658
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	Author	McCarthy, T.
	Title	Snow Leopard Conservation Comes of Age			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	2000	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Mongolia; snow-leopard-conservation-plan; slcp; conservation; knitting-for-snow-leopards; education; herders; conflict; livestock; prey; David-Shepard-Conservation-Foundation; WWF-Mongolia; browse; snow; leopard; plan; knitting; foundation; Dscf; Wwf; 3860
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
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	Notes	Full Text at URL Published in Cat News, 2000			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 382			Serial	661
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	Author	McCarthy, T.
	Title	Snow Leopards in Mongolia			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	2000	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Mongolia; distribution; status; irbis; irbis-enterprises; herders; livestock; economy; conservation; gobi; habitat; Disease; depredation; conflict; predator; prey; hunting; poaching; skins; pelts; coats; furs; bones; trade; Macne; habitat-fragmentation; browse; enterprises; fragmentation; habitat fragmentation; 4090
	Abstract
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	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
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	Notes	Full Text at URL			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 383			Serial	662
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	Author	Mishra, C.; Bagchi, S.
	Title	Living with large carnivores: predation on livestock by the snow leopard (Uncia uncia)			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2006	Publication	Journal of Zoology	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	1-8
	Keywords	large; carnivores; carnivore; predation; livestock; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; uncia
	Abstract	Livestock predation by large carnivores and their retaliatory persecution by pastoralists are worldwide conservation concerns. Poor understanding of the ecological and social underpinnings of this human-wildlife conflict hampers effective conflict management programs. The endangered snow leopard Uncia uncia is involved in conflict with people across its mountainous range in South and Central Asia, where pastoralism is the predominant land use, and is widely persecuted in retaliation. We examined human-snow leopard conflict at two sites in the Spiti region of the Indian Trans-Himalaya, where livestock outnumber wild ungulates, and the conflict is acute. We quantified the snow leopard's dependence on livestock by assessing its diet in two sites that differed in the relative abundance of livestock and wild ungulates. We also surveyed the indigenous Buddhist community's attitudes towards the snow leopard in these two sites. Our results show a relatively high dependence of snow leopards on livestock. A higher proportion of the snow leopard's diet (58%) was livestock in the area with higher livestock (29.7 animals km^2) and lower wild ungulate abundance (2.1-3.1 bharal Pseudois nayaurkm^2), compared with 40% of diet in the area with relatively lower livestock (13.9km^2) and higher wild ungulate abundance (4.5-7.8 ibex Capra ibexkm^2). We found that the community experiencing greater levels of livestock losses was comparatively more tolerant towards the snow leopard. This discrepancy is explained by the presence of a conservation-incentive program at the site, and by differences in economic roles of livestock between these two communities. The former is more dependent on cash crops as a source of income while the latter is more dependent on livestock, and thereby less tolerant of the snow leopard. These data have implications for conflict management strategies. They indicate that the relative densities of livestock and wild prey may be reasonable predictors of the extent of predation by the snow leopard. However, this by itself is not an adequate measure of the intensity of conflict even in apparently similar cultural settings.
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	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 862			Serial	696
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	Author	Mishra, C.; Madhusudan, M.D.; Datta, A.
	Title	Mammals of the high altitudes of western Arunachal Pradesh, eastern Himalaya: an assessment of threats and conservation needs			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	2006	Publication	Oryx	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	40	Issue	1	Pages	1-7
	Keywords	anthropogenic; area; Arunachal; assessment; awareness; bharal; biodiversity; carnivore; carnivores; community; community-based; conservation; deer; depredation; dhole; endangered; extinct; fauna; goral; grazing; habitat; habitats; High; Himalaya; hunting; incentives; India; indian; Iucn; leopard; livestock; livestock-depredation; livestock depredation; local; mammals; musk; musk-deer; nayaur; panthera; people; peoples; plant; plants; potential; Pseudois; Pseudois-nayaur; pseudois nayaur; range; recent; region; Report; reserve; resource; schools; snow; snow-leopard; snow leopard; species; survey; surveys; threat; threatened; threats; tiger; uncia; Uncia-uncia; Uncia uncia; ungulate; ungulates; valley; wildlife; work; Panthera-tigris; tigris
	Abstract	The high altitudes of Arunachal Pradesh,India, located in the Eastern Himalaya biodiversity hotspot, remain zoologically unexplored and unprotected. We report results of recent mammal surveys in the high altitude habitats of western Arunachal Pradesh. A total of 35 mammal species (including 12 carnivores, 10 ungulates and 5 primates) were recorded, of which 13 are categorized as Endangered or Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List. One species of primate, the Arunachal macaque Macaca munzala, is new to science and the Chinese goral Nemorhaedus caudatus is a new addition to the ungulate fauna of the Indian subcontinent. We documented peoples' dependence on natural resources for grazing and extraction of timber and medicinal plants. The region's mammals are threatened by widespread hunting. The snow leopard Uncia uncia and dhole Cuon alpinus are also persecuted in retaliation for livestock depredation. The tiger Panthera tigris, earlier reported from the lower valleys, is now apparently extinct there, and range reductions over the last two decades are reported for bharal Pseudois nayaur and musk deer Moschus sp.. Based on mammal species richness, extent of high altitude habitat, and levels of anthropogenic disturbance, we identified a potential site for the creation of Arunachal's first high altitude wildlife reserve (815 km2). Community-based efforts that provide incentives for conservation-friendly practices could work in this area, and conservation awareness programmes are required, not just amongst the local communities and schools but for politicians, bureaucrats and the army.
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	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 861			Serial	697
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	Author	Nowell, K.; Preisser, T.
	Title	Saving Their Skins; Pay herders not to hunt snow leopards? Villagers laughed at first			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1997	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Herder-incentive-program; poaching; hunting; skins; pelts; furs; coats; bones; medicine; Mongolia; herders; livestock; gobi; conservation; ibex; browse; herder; incentive; program; 3880
	Abstract
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	Notes	Full Text at URL: Recieved as email from Gobi . Kristin Nowell, and Thomas Preisser, are co-founders of the Los Gatos, Calif.-based Cat Action Treasury, a nonprofit fund for endangered wild cats.			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 324			Serial	731
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	Author	Reading, R.P.; Amgalanbaatar, S.; Mix, H.; Lhagvasuren, B.
	Title	Argali Ovis ammon surveys in Mongolia's South Gobi			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1997	Publication	Oryx	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	31	Issue	4	Pages	285-294
	Keywords	Mongolia; argali; gobi; livestock; population; status; 5220
	Abstract	Claims poaching and competition with domestic livestock are threatening the argali's survival in Mongolia. The author's conducted aerial and ground surveys in the South Gobi and estimated a populaton size of approximately 3,900 argali.
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	Notes	Full text available at URL.			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 507			Serial	811
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	Author	Schaller, G.
	Title	Surveys of Mountain Wildlife in China, Report # 4			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1986	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	11
	Keywords	Xinjiang; Tian-Shan; Tian; Taxkorgan; Horendaban-Shan; Horendaban; surveys; field-work; prey; livestock; hunting; poaching; herders; browse; 4210
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	Notes	Full text available at URL			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 409			Serial	853
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	Author	Schaller, G.
	Title	Surveys of Mountain Wildlife in China, Report # 6			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1987	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	10
	Keywords	Xinjiang; Tian-Shan; Tomur-Feng; tibetan-plateau; Altun; surveys; methods; hunting; livestock; grazing; browse; 4200
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	Notes	Full Text Available at URL			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 408			Serial	854
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