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Author Xu, F.; Ming, M.; Yin, S.-jing; Munkhtsog, B.
Title Investigation on Snow Leopard (Uncia uncia) and Its Prey in Baytag Mountain Region, Xinjiang Type Miscellaneous
Year 2007 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume 21 Issue 3 Pages 63-66
Keywords Beita mountain; prey resource; snow leopard; Xinjiang; Chinese
Abstract The snow leopard and it s p rey were investigated in Beita Mountain Region , Xinjiang in Sep . 2004.

Both the field survey and questionnaire were involved in this project which was supported by the International

Snow Leopard Trust and Xinjiang Conservation Fund. The signs marked by the snow leopard were used

to reflect the living condition of snow leopard and they were collected by running transects. The prey investigation was conducted by positioned observation and route survey. Fifteen transects were done in the

project and 67 signs leaved by snow leopard were discovered in total. 58. 2 % of them were scrapes ,

35.8 % of t hem were feces , 4.5 % of them were claw rakes and 1. 5 % of them were scent

spray. As to the prey resources , 4 herds of 23 ibex and 24 herds of 418 chukars were found during the survey. Also 81 local people of 5 different nationalities were interviewed during the field work , 13.

58 % of them had seen the snow leopard , 20. 99 % of them had heard of snow leopard but not seen. Among t hem , 10 herdsmen had sufferred from the loss of livestock attacked by snow leopard.
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Notes Full Text Available in ChinesePeriodical: Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 874 Serial 1038
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Author Zakhidov T.Z.Meklenburtsev R.N., B.O.P.
Title Snow leopard Uncia uncia Schreb. Distribution of fauna elements over Central Asia Type Miscellaneous
Year 1971 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Vol. 2. Vertebrate animals. Issue Pages 234-235
Keywords Central Asia; snow leopard; distribution; preys; behavior; practical value.; 8670; Russian
Abstract Snow leopard inhabits the mountainous ecosystems from Tarbagatai to Hissar and Pamir. It feeds upon large animals such as ibex, argali, roe deer, and sometimes domestic sheep, rodents, and birds (most frequently snow cock). The skin of this animal is not of significant value and is rarely an item of trade. In many countries, zoos will readily buy snow leopards. There is no danger for a man to catch snow leopard since even being wounded during a hunt, the animal would never attack the man. An encounter with snow leopard in the mountains will always end safely for human being, as it is always first to spot a man and go away unnoticed.
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Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Nature and fauna of Central Asia. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 844 Serial 1069
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Author Zhirjakov, V.A.
Title On the ecology of the snow leopard in the Zailisky-Alatau (Northern Tien Shan) Type Journal Article
Year 1990 Publication Int Ped Book of Snow Leopards Abbreviated Journal
Volume 6 Issue Pages 25-30
Keywords Tien-Shan; ecology; China; browse; Kazakhstan; Russia; Soviet-Union; distribution; population; prey; behavior; food-habits; scat-analysis; 3240
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Notes Full text available at URL Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 168 Serial 1078
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Author Zhiryakov V.A.
Title The influence of large predators on wild mammal populations in the Almaty nature reserve Type Miscellaneous
Year 1979 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 37-39
Keywords Kazakhstan; Almaty nature reserve; Animals; predators; snow leopard; wolf; preys.; 8760; Russian
Abstract There are following large predators in the Almaty nature reserve: wolf (5-6), snow leopard (single occasions), Turkistan lynx (single occasions), and Tien Shan brown bear (15-20). The share of wild mammals (roe-deer, ibex, wild boar, argali, gazelle, moral, and badger) being eaten by predators is 18.2 percent, about 60 percent of the entire prey falling to the share of wolf.
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Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Ecologic fundamentals of protection and sustainable use of predatory mammals. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 853 Serial 1083
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Author Zhiryakov V.A.
Title Ecology and behavior of the Snow leopard in Kazakhstan Type Miscellaneous
Year 2002 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume N 1-4. Issue Pages 184-199
Keywords Kazakhstan; distribution; number; density; population size; habitats; marking; Migration; diet; prey species; hunting; faeces; Sex; Age; population dynamics; reproductive activity; competitors; mortality; snow leopard.; 8810; Russian
Abstract The data on spreading, numbers and population density of snow leopard in Kazakhstan are given in this article. The total number of the snow leopard in Kazakhstan is evaluated in 100-110 individuals. The everywhere occurred numbers' reduction under the influence of the anthropogenic factors is observed. The snow leopard' inhabitation area varies from 20 to 120 square kilometers depending on its regions. Sex and composition of the population and its aggregative behavior are given. The dynamics of numbers and mortality are estimated.
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Notes Full text available in Russian.Journal Title: Selevinia. The zoological journal of Kazakhstan. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 858 Serial 1087
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Author Zhiryakov V.A.
Title Snow leopard in the Almaty nature reserve. Short messages about snow leopards Type Miscellaneous
Year 1986 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 51-54
Keywords Kazakhstan; Almaty nature reserve; snow leopard; preys; ungulates; rodents; ibex; number.; 8790; Russian
Abstract Snow leopard is a common species for the Almaty nature reserve due to numerous wild ungulates, particularly ibexes (about 600 ibexes at a density of 32 animals per 1,000 ha) inhabiting the area. According to the data of 1982 there were 0.5 footprints of snow leopard per 10 km of transect. The remains of ibex, roe deer, squirrel, gray vole mouse and birds were found in faeces of snow leopards. Snow leopard attacks their prey unexpectedly, being in wait for it in such places where prey is difficult to escape from. When hunt is successful the prey is killed almost instantly. Snow leopard feeds upon the same prey for several days.
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Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Rare animals of Kazakhstan. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 856 Serial 1088
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Author Jackson, R., Hunter, D.O.
Title Snow leopard Survey and conservation handbook (First edition) Type Report
Year 1995 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 1-120
Keywords CCT, census, conservation, habitat, method, monitoring, prey, snow leopard, survey, Uncia uncia
Abstract The objectives of this handbook (First edition) are to provide standard procedures for conducting snow leopard status and distribution surveys; suggest uniform methods for assessing the status and relative abundance of large prey species (ungulates such as blue sheep, argali, markhor, Himalayan tahr, urial, ibex, red deer, and roe deer); offer guidance in evaluating habitat quality and identifying the major environmental factors affecting species welfare; and provide standard forms for reporting the results of these field surveys, and a process for feeding information developed by the International Snow Leopard Trust into Snoe Leopard Information Management System (SLIMS).
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Corporate Author International Snow Leopard Trust Thesis
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Notes Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ Serial 1120
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Author Sharma, S., Thapa, K., Chalise, M., Dutta, T., Bhatnagar, Y.V., McCarthy, T.
Title The snow leopard in Himalaya: A step towards their conservation by studying their distribution, marking habitat selection, coexistence with other predators, and wild prey-livestock-predator interaction Type Journal Article
Year 2006 Publication Conservation Biology in Asia Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 184-196
Keywords Himalaya, Nepal, ecology, snow leopard, Uncia uncia, prey, livestock, predator
Abstract Snow leopard (Uncia uncial) is a flagship species of the Himalaya. Very few studies have been done on the ecology of this species in the Himalaya. This paper presents an overview of four studies conducted on snow leopards in Nepal and India, dealing with various aspects of snow leopard ecology including their status assessment, making behaviour, habitat selection, food habits, and impact on livestock. The information generated by these studies is useful in planning effective conservation and management strategies for this endangered top predator of high mountains.
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Notes Paper 12; From: Pages 184-196 of Conservation Biology in Asia (2006) McNeely, J.A., T. M. McCarthy, A. Smith, L.Olsvig-Whittaker, and E.D. Wikramanayake (editors). Published by the Society for Conservation Biology Asia Section and Resources Himalaya, Kathmandu, Nepal, 455 pp. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ Serial 1130
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Author Jackson, R.
Title A radio-telemetry study of the snow leopard (Panthera uncia) in Nepal with emphasis on conservation and predator-prey relations Type Report
Year 1980 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue March Pages
Keywords snow leopard, Nepal, conservation, radio telemetry, prey
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Notes Draft Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ Serial 1260
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Author Gronberg, E.
Title Movement patterns of snow leopard (Panthera uncia) around kills based on GPS location clusters Type Report
Year 2011 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords snow leopard, Panthera, Mongolia, Snow Leopard Trust, predator, prey, kill, behavior
Abstract Research concerning movement patterns of wild animals has been advancing since GPS technology arrived. But studying the snow leopard (Panthera uncia) is still difficult because of the harsh territory it inhabits in Central Asia. This study took place in south Gobi, Mongolia, and aimed to estimate the time spent at kills and the maximum distance away from kills between visits. Snow leopards were monitored with GPS collars that took a location every five or seven hours. Potential kill sites were established by identifying clusters of GPS-locations in ArcGIS and visited in the field for confirmation. ArcGIS was used to calculate the distance between cluster and GPS-locations. I used two buffer zones (100 m and 500 m radius) to define the time snow leopards spent at kills. It was found that snow leopard age and prey category affected time spent at kills and also that snow leopard sex together with prey category affected the maximum distance moved away from kills between visits. Season had no significant effect on either time at kills or distance moved away from kills between visits. Snow leopards spent on average 3.2 days at their kills in the 100 m buffer zone and 3.5 days at their kills in the 500 m buffer zone. Subadults stayed longer at kills than adults and animals of both age categories spent longer time on larger prey. The mean maximum distance moved away from kills between visits was 179 m in the 100 m buffer zone and 252 m in the 500 m buffer zone. Female snow leopards moved further away from kills between visits than male snow leopards. Both the number of days spent on kills and maximum distance moved away from kills between visits increased when kills consisted of more than one animal. This study has provided some basic information on snow leopard behaviors around their kills but also highlights the need to monitor more snow leopards before more solid conclusions can be drawn as this study was based on based on a relatively small sample.
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Notes Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources and Agricultural Sciences, Department of Ecology, Grimsö Wildlife Research Station Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ Serial 1301
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